BUG: Passing original properties of DataFrame and Series subclasses to their constructors

doc/source/development/extending.rst

@@ -403,22 +403,50 @@ To let original data structures have additional properties, you should let ``pan
 1. Define ``_internal_names`` and ``_internal_names_set`` for temporary properties which WILL NOT be passed to manipulation results.
 2. Define ``_metadata`` for normal properties which will be passed to manipulation results.
 
-Below is an example to define two original properties, "internal_cache" as a temporary property and "added_property" as a normal property
+If ``_metadata`` is used, a ``Series`` subclass must also be defined with the same ``_metadata`` property and the first parameter of the constructors must be the data.
+Avoid the following names for your normal properties: ``data``, ``index``, ``columns``, ``dtype``, ``copy``, ``name``, ``_name`` and ``fastpath``.
+
+Below is an example to define two original properties, "internal_cache" as a temporary property and "added_property" as a normal property.
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-   class SubclassedDataFrame2(pd.DataFrame):
+    class SubclassedDataFrame(pd.DataFrame):
 
-       # temporary properties
-       _internal_names = pd.DataFrame._internal_names + ["internal_cache"]
-       _internal_names_set = set(_internal_names)
+        # temporary properties
+        _internal_names = pd.DataFrame._internal_names + ["internal_cache"]
+        _internal_names_set = set(_internal_names)
 
-       # normal properties
-       _metadata = ["added_property"]
+        # normal properties
+        _metadata = ["added_property"]
 
-       @property
-       def _constructor(self):
-           return SubclassedDataFrame2
+        def __init__(self, data=None, added_property=None, *args, **kwargs):
+            super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
+            self.added_property = added_property
+
+        @property
+        def _constructor(self):
+            return SubclassedDataFrame
+
+        @property
+        def _constructor_sliced(self):
+            return SubclassedSeries
+
+    class SubclassedSeries(pd.Series):
+
+        # normal properties
+        _metadata = ["original_property"]
+
+        def __init__(self, data=None, original_property=None, *args, **kwargs):
+            super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
+            self.original_property = original_property
+
+        @property
+        def _constructor(self):
+            return SubclassedSeries
+
+        @property
+        def _constructor_expanddim(self):
+            return SubclassedDataFrame
 
 .. code-block:: python
 

doc/source/whatsnew/v3.0.0.rst

@@ -843,6 +843,7 @@ Other
 - Bug in Dataframe Interchange Protocol implementation was returning incorrect results for data buffers' associated dtype, for string and datetime columns (:issue:`54781`)
 - Bug in ``Series.list`` methods not preserving the original :class:`Index`. (:issue:`58425`)
 - Bug in ``Series.list`` methods not preserving the original name. (:issue:`60522`)
+- Bug in original properties ``_metadata`` of :class:`Dataframe` and :class:`Series` subclasses'. For some operations (i.e. ``concat``) the new object wasn't receiving the original properties (:issue:`34177`)
 - Bug in printing a :class:`DataFrame` with a :class:`DataFrame` stored in :attr:`DataFrame.attrs` raised a ``ValueError`` (:issue:`60455`)
 - Bug in printing a :class:`Series` with a :class:`DataFrame` stored in :attr:`Series.attrs` raised a ``ValueError`` (:issue:`60568`)
 - Fixed regression in :meth:`DataFrame.from_records` not initializing subclasses properly (:issue:`57008`)

pandas/_testing/__init__.py

@@ -325,32 +325,35 @@ def to_array(obj):
 
 
 class SubclassedSeries(Series):
-    _metadata = ["testattr", "name"]
+    _metadata = ["testattr"]
+
+    def __init__(self, data=None, testattr=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
+        self.testattr = testattr
 
     @property
     def _constructor(self):
-        # For testing, those properties return a generic callable, and not
-        # the actual class. In this case that is equivalent, but it is to
-        # ensure we don't rely on the property returning a class
-        # See https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/46018 and
-        # https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/32638 and linked issues
-        return lambda *args, **kwargs: SubclassedSeries(*args, **kwargs)
+        return SubclassedSeries
 
     @property
     def _constructor_expanddim(self):
-        return lambda *args, **kwargs: SubclassedDataFrame(*args, **kwargs)
+        return SubclassedDataFrame
 
 
 class SubclassedDataFrame(DataFrame):
     _metadata = ["testattr"]
 
+    def __init__(self, data=None, testattr=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
+        self.testattr = testattr
+
     @property
     def _constructor(self):
-        return lambda *args, **kwargs: SubclassedDataFrame(*args, **kwargs)
+        return SubclassedDataFrame
 
     @property
     def _constructor_sliced(self):
-        return lambda *args, **kwargs: SubclassedSeries(*args, **kwargs)
+        return SubclassedSeries
 
 
 def convert_rows_list_to_csv_str(rows_list: list[str]) -> str:

pandas/core/frame.py

@@ -675,7 +675,8 @@ def _constructor_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes) -> DataFrame:
 
         # We assume that the subclass __init__ knows how to handle a
         #  pd.DataFrame object.
-        return self._constructor(df)
+        metadata = {k: getattr(self, k) for k in self._metadata}
+        return self._constructor(df, **metadata)
 
     _constructor_sliced: Callable[..., Series] = Series
 
@@ -690,7 +691,8 @@ def _constructor_sliced_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes) -> Series:
 
         # We assume that the subclass __init__ knows how to handle a
         #  pd.Series object.
-        return self._constructor_sliced(ser)
+        metadata = {k: getattr(self, k) for k in self._metadata}
+        return self._constructor_sliced(ser, **metadata)
 
     # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Constructors

pandas/core/series.py

@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ class Series(base.IndexOpsMixin, NDFrame):  # type: ignore[misc]
     _HANDLED_TYPES = (Index, ExtensionArray, np.ndarray)
 
     _name: Hashable
-    _metadata: list[str] = ["_name"]
+    _metadata: list[str] = []
     _internal_names_set = {"index", "name"} | NDFrame._internal_names_set
     _accessors = {"dt", "cat", "str", "sparse"}
     _hidden_attrs = (
@@ -372,6 +372,9 @@ def __init__(
         copy: bool | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         allow_mgr = False
+        if "_name" not in self._metadata:
+            # Subclass overrides _metadata, see @540db96b
+            self._metadata.append("_name")
         if (
             isinstance(data, SingleBlockManager)
             and index is None
@@ -610,7 +613,9 @@ def _constructor_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes):
 
         # We assume that the subclass __init__ knows how to handle a
         #  pd.Series object.
-        return self._constructor(ser)
+        self._metadata.remove("_name")
+        metadata = {k: getattr(self, k) for k in self._metadata}
+        return self._constructor(ser, **metadata)
 
     @property
     def _constructor_expanddim(self) -> Callable[..., DataFrame]:
@@ -634,7 +639,9 @@ def _constructor_expanddim_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes):
 
         # We assume that the subclass __init__ knows how to handle a
         #  pd.DataFrame object.
-        return self._constructor_expanddim(df)
+        self._metadata.remove("_name")
+        metadata = {k: getattr(self, k) for k in self._metadata}
+        return self._constructor_expanddim(df, **metadata)
 
     # types
     @property

pandas/tests/frame/test_arithmetic.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
     timezone,
 )
 from enum import Enum
-import functools
 import operator
 import re
 
@@ -2139,6 +2138,12 @@ def test_frame_op_subclass_nonclass_constructor():
     # GH#43201 subclass._constructor is a function, not the subclass itself
 
     class SubclassedSeries(Series):
+        _metadata = ["my_extra_data"]
+
+        def __init__(self, data=None, my_extra_data=None, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+            self.my_extra_data = my_extra_data
+            super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
+
         @property
         def _constructor(self):
             return SubclassedSeries
@@ -2150,21 +2155,25 @@ def _constructor_expanddim(self):
     class SubclassedDataFrame(DataFrame):
         _metadata = ["my_extra_data"]
 
-        def __init__(self, my_extra_data, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        def __init__(self, data=None, my_extra_data=None, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
             self.my_extra_data = my_extra_data
-            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
 
         @property
         def _constructor(self):
-            return functools.partial(type(self), self.my_extra_data)
+            return SubclassedDataFrame
 
         @property
         def _constructor_sliced(self):
             return SubclassedSeries
 
-    sdf = SubclassedDataFrame("some_data", {"A": [1, 2, 3], "B": [4, 5, 6]})
+    sdf = SubclassedDataFrame(
+        my_extra_data="some_data", data={"A": [1, 2, 3], "B": [4, 5, 6]}
+    )
     result = sdf * 2
-    expected = SubclassedDataFrame("some_data", {"A": [2, 4, 6], "B": [8, 10, 12]})
+    expected = SubclassedDataFrame(
+        my_extra_data="some_data", data={"A": [2, 4, 6], "B": [8, 10, 12]}
+    )
     tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
 
     result = sdf + sdf

pandas/tests/frame/test_subclass.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
     Index,
     MultiIndex,
     Series,
+    concat,
 )
 import pandas._testing as tm
 
@@ -742,16 +743,67 @@ def test_equals_subclass(self):
         assert df1.equals(df2)
         assert df2.equals(df1)
 
+    def test_original_property_is_preserved_when_subclassing(self):
+        original_property = "original_property"
+
+        class SubclassedSeries(Series):
+            _metadata = [original_property]
+
+            def __init__(self, data=None, original_property=None, *args, **kwargs):
+                super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
+                self.original_property = original_property
+
+            @property
+            def _constructor(self):
+                return SubclassedSeries
+
+            @property
+            def _constructor_expanddim(self):
+                return SubclassedDataFrame
+
+        class SubclassedDataFrame(DataFrame):
+            _metadata = ["original_property"]
+
+            def __init__(self, data=None, original_property=None, *args, **kwargs):
+                super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
+                self.original_property = original_property
+
+            @property
+            def _constructor(self):
+                return SubclassedDataFrame
+
+            @property
+            def _constructor_sliced(self):
+                return SubclassedSeries
+
+        data = {"key": ["foo", "bar", "baz", "foo"], "value": [1, 2, 3, 5]}
+        df = SubclassedDataFrame(data, original_property="original_property")
+        tm.assert_equal(df.original_property, original_property)
+        tm.assert_equal(df[df["value"] == 1].original_property, original_property)
+        tm.assert_equal(df.loc[df["key"] == "foo"].original_property, original_property)
+        tm.assert_equal(df["value"].original_property, original_property)
+
+        tm.assert_equal(concat([df, df]).original_property, original_property)
+
+        df1 = SubclassedDataFrame(
+            {"lkey": ["foo", "bar", "baz", "foo"], "value": [1, 2, 3, 5]},
+            original_property="original_property",
+        )
+        df2 = SubclassedDataFrame(
+            {"rkey": ["foo", "bar", "baz", "foo"], "value": [5, 6, 7, 8]},
+            original_property="original_property",
+        )
+        merged_df = df1.merge(df2, left_on="lkey", right_on="rkey")
+        tm.assert_equal(merged_df.original_property, original_property)
+        plus = df1 + df2
+        tm.assert_equal(plus.original_property, original_property)
+
 
 class MySubclassWithMetadata(DataFrame):
     _metadata = ["my_metadata"]
 
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
-        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
-
-        my_metadata = kwargs.pop("my_metadata", None)
-        if args and isinstance(args[0], MySubclassWithMetadata):
-            my_metadata = args[0].my_metadata  # type: ignore[has-type]
+    def __init__(self, data=None, my_metadata=None, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
         self.my_metadata = my_metadata
 
     @property