ref(node-experimental): Use sdk-trace-base instead of sdk-trace-node

[mydea]

Also update all OTEL dependencies to latest to align these properly.

The sdk-trace-node package actually just wraps sdk-trace-base, adds some default exports (that we do not need) + sets the async local storage context manager by default (which we overwrite anyhow).

So we can cut down on one dependency there and make this a tiny bit easier.

I also made a central OtelSpan type in node-experimental to avoid using this everywhere throughout the codebase.

[github-actions]

size-limit report 📦

Path	Size
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - Webpack (gzipped)	75.59 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing) - Webpack (gzipped)	31.5 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - Webpack (gzipped)	22.1 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped)	70.28 KB (-0.01% 🔽)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing) - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped)	28.6 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped)	20.67 KB (-0.01% 🔽)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - ES6 CDN Bundle (minified & uncompressed)	222.17 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing) - ES6 CDN Bundle (minified & uncompressed)	86.66 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - ES6 CDN Bundle (minified & uncompressed)	61.51 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing) - ES5 CDN Bundle (gzipped)	31.47 KB (-0.01% 🔽)
@sentry/react (incl. Tracing, Replay) - Webpack (gzipped)	75.62 KB (0%)
@sentry/react - Webpack (gzipped)	22.13 KB (0%)
@sentry/nextjs Client (incl. Tracing, Replay) - Webpack (gzipped)	93.5 KB (0%)
@sentry/nextjs Client - Webpack (gzipped)	51.07 KB (0%)