SyntacticMacroExpansion.cpp

//===--- SyntacticMacroExpansion.cpp --------------------------------------===//
//
// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
//
// Copyright (c) 2023 Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
// Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
//
// See https://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
// See https://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "swift/IDETool/SyntacticMacroExpansion.h"
#include "swift/AST/ASTWalker.h"
#include "swift/AST/MacroDefinition.h"
#include "swift/AST/PluginLoader.h"
#include "swift/AST/TypeRepr.h"
#include "swift/Basic/Assertions.h"
#include "swift/Driver/FrontendUtil.h"
#include "swift/Frontend/Frontend.h"
#include "swift/IDE/Utils.h"
#include "swift/Sema/IDETypeChecking.h"

using namespace swift;
using namespace ide;

std::shared_ptr<SyntacticMacroExpansionInstance>
SyntacticMacroExpansion::getInstance(ArrayRef<const char *> args,
                                     llvm::MemoryBuffer *inputBuf,
                                     std::string &error) {
  // Create and configure a new instance.
  auto instance = std::make_shared<SyntacticMacroExpansionInstance>();

  bool failed =
      instance->setup(SwiftExecutablePath, args, inputBuf, Plugins, error);
  if (failed)
    return nullptr;

  return instance;
}

bool SyntacticMacroExpansionInstance::setup(
    StringRef SwiftExecutablePath, ArrayRef<const char *> args,
    llvm::MemoryBuffer *inputBuf, std::shared_ptr<PluginRegistry> plugins,
    std::string &error) {
  SmallString<256> driverPath(SwiftExecutablePath);
  llvm::sys::path::remove_filename(driverPath);
  llvm::sys::path::append(driverPath, "swiftc");

  // Setup CompilerInstance to configure the plugin search path correctly.
  bool hadError = driver::getSingleFrontendInvocationFromDriverArguments(
      driverPath, args, Diags,
      [&](ArrayRef<const char *> frontendArgs) {
        return invocation.parseArgs(
            frontendArgs, Diags, /*ConfigurationFileBuffers=*/nullptr,
            /*workingDirectory=*/{}, SwiftExecutablePath);
      },
      /*ForceNoOutput=*/true);
  if (hadError) {
    error = "failed to setup compiler invocation";
    return true;
  }

  // Setup ASTContext.
  Ctx.reset(ASTContext::get(
      invocation.getLangOptions(), invocation.getTypeCheckerOptions(),
      invocation.getSILOptions(), invocation.getSearchPathOptions(),
      invocation.getClangImporterOptions(), invocation.getSymbolGraphOptions(),
      invocation.getCASOptions(), invocation.getSerializationOptions(),
      SourceMgr, Diags));
  registerParseRequestFunctions(Ctx->evaluator);
  registerTypeCheckerRequestFunctions(Ctx->evaluator);

  std::unique_ptr<PluginLoader> pluginLoader =
      std::make_unique<PluginLoader>(*Ctx, /*DepTracker=*/nullptr);
  pluginLoader->setRegistry(plugins.get());
  Ctx->setPluginLoader(std::move(pluginLoader));

  // Create the ModuleDecl and SourceFile.
  Identifier ID = Ctx->getIdentifier(invocation.getModuleName());
  TheModule = ModuleDecl::create(ID, *Ctx,
                                 [&](ModuleDecl *TheModule, auto addFile) {
    SF = new (*Ctx) SourceFile(*TheModule, SourceFileKind::Main,
                               SourceMgr.addMemBufferCopy(inputBuf));
    SF->setImports({});
    addFile(SF);
  });

  return false;
}

MacroDecl *SyntacticMacroExpansionInstance::getSynthesizedMacroDecl(
    Identifier name, const MacroExpansionSpecifier &expansion) {
  auto &ctx = getASTContext();

  std::string macroID;

  switch (expansion.macroDefinition.kind) {
  case MacroDefinition::Kind::External: {
    // '<module name>.<type name>'
    // It's safe to use without 'kind' because 'Expanded' always starts with a
    // sigil '#' which can't be valid in a module name.
    auto external = expansion.macroDefinition.getExternalMacro();
    macroID += external.moduleName.str();
    macroID += ".";
    macroID += external.macroTypeName.str();
    break;
  }
  case MacroDefinition::Kind::Expanded: {
    auto expanded = expansion.macroDefinition.getExpanded();
    macroID += expanded.getExpansionText();
    break;
  }
  case MacroDefinition::Kind::Builtin:
  case MacroDefinition::Kind::Invalid:
  case MacroDefinition::Kind::Undefined:
    assert(false && "invalid macro definition for syntactic expansion");
    macroID += name.str();
  }

  // Reuse cached MacroDecl of the same name if it's already created.
  MacroDecl *macro;
  auto found = MacroDecls.find(macroID);
  if (found != MacroDecls.end()) {
    macro = found->second;
  } else {
    macro = new (ctx) MacroDecl(
        /*macroLoc=*/{}, DeclName(name), /*nameLoc=*/{},
        /*genericParams=*/nullptr, /*parameterList=*/nullptr,
        /*arrowLoc=*/{}, /*resultType=*/nullptr,
        /*definition=*/nullptr, /*parent=*/TheModule);
    macro->setImplicit();
    MacroDecls.insert({macroID, macro});
  }

  // Add missing role attributes to MacroDecl.
  MacroRoles roles = expansion.macroRoles;
  for (auto attr : macro->getAttrs().getAttributes<MacroRoleAttr>()) {
    roles -= attr->getMacroRole();
  }
  for (MacroRole role : getAllMacroRoles()) {
    if (!roles.contains(role))
      continue;

    MacroSyntax syntax = getFreestandingMacroRoles().contains(role)
                             ? MacroSyntax::Freestanding
                             : MacroSyntax::Attached;

    auto *attr = MacroRoleAttr::create(ctx, /*atLoc=*/{}, /*range=*/{}, syntax,
                                       /*lParenLoc=*/{}, role, /*names=*/{},
                                       /*conformances=*/{},
                                       /*rParenLoc=*/{}, /*implicit=*/true);
    macro->getAttrs().add(attr);
  }

  // Set the macro definition.
  macro->setDefinition(expansion.macroDefinition);

  return macro;
}

/// Create a unique name of the expansion. The result is *appended* to \p out.
static void addExpansionDiscriminator(
    SmallString<32> &out, const SourceFile *SF, SourceLoc loc,
    std::optional<SourceLoc> supplementalLoc = std::nullopt,
    std::optional<MacroRole> role = std::nullopt) {
  SourceManager &SM = SF->getASTContext().SourceMgr;

  StableHasher hasher = StableHasher::defaultHasher();

  // Module name.
  hasher.combine(SF->getParentModule()->getName().str());
  hasher.combine(uint8_t{0});

  // File base name.
  // Do not use the full path because we want this hash stable.
  hasher.combine(llvm::sys::path::filename(SF->getFilename()));
  hasher.combine(uint8_t{0});

  // Line/column.
  auto lineColumn = SM.getLineAndColumnInBuffer(loc);
  hasher.combine(lineColumn.first);
  hasher.combine(lineColumn.second);

  // Supplemental line/column.
  if (supplementalLoc.has_value()) {
    auto supLineColumn = SM.getLineAndColumnInBuffer(*supplementalLoc);
    hasher.combine(supLineColumn.first);
    hasher.combine(supLineColumn.second);
  }

  // Macro role.
  if (role.has_value()) {
    hasher.combine(*role);
  }

  Fingerprint hash(std::move(hasher));
  out.append(hash.getRawValue());
}

/// Perform expansion of the specified freestanding macro using the 'MacroDecl'.
static std::vector<unsigned>
expandFreestandingMacro(MacroDecl *macro,
                        FreestandingMacroExpansion *expansion) {
  std::vector<unsigned> bufferIDs;

  SmallString<32> discriminator;
  discriminator.append("__syntactic_macro_");
  addExpansionDiscriminator(discriminator,
                            expansion->getDeclContext()->getParentSourceFile(),
                            expansion->getPoundLoc());

  expansion->setMacroRef(macro);

  SourceFile *expandedSource =
      swift::evaluateFreestandingMacro(expansion, discriminator);
  if (expandedSource)
    bufferIDs.push_back(expandedSource->getBufferID());

  return bufferIDs;
}

/// Perform expansion of the specified decl and the attribute using the
/// 'MacroDecl'. If the macro has multiple roles, evaluate it for all macro
/// roles.
static std::vector<unsigned>
expandAttachedMacro(MacroDecl *macro, CustomAttr *attr, Decl *attachedDecl) {

  std::vector<unsigned> bufferIDs;
  auto evaluate = [&](Decl *target, bool passParent, MacroRole role) {

    SmallString<32> discriminator;
    discriminator.append("macro_");
    addExpansionDiscriminator(discriminator,
                              target->getDeclContext()->getParentSourceFile(),
                              target->getLoc(), attr->getLocation(), role);

    SourceFile *expandedSource = swift::evaluateAttachedMacro(
        macro, target, attr, passParent, role, discriminator);
    if (expandedSource)
      bufferIDs.push_back(expandedSource->getBufferID());
  };

  MacroRoles roles = macro->getMacroRoles();
  if (roles.contains(MacroRole::Accessor)) {
    if (isa<AbstractStorageDecl>(attachedDecl))
      evaluate(attachedDecl, /*passParent=*/false, MacroRole::Accessor);
  }
  if (roles.contains(MacroRole::MemberAttribute)) {
    if (auto *idc = dyn_cast<IterableDeclContext>(attachedDecl)) {
      for (auto *member : idc->getParsedMembers()) {
        // 'VarDecl' in 'IterableDeclContext' are part of 'PatternBindingDecl'.
        if (isa<VarDecl>(member))
          continue;
        evaluate(member, /*passParent=*/true, MacroRole::MemberAttribute);
      }
    }
  }
  if (roles.contains(MacroRole::Member)) {
    if (isa<IterableDeclContext>(attachedDecl))
      evaluate(attachedDecl, /*passParent=*/false, MacroRole::Member);
  }
  if (roles.contains(MacroRole::Peer)) {
    evaluate(attachedDecl, /*passParent=*/false, MacroRole::Peer);
  }
  if (roles.contains(MacroRole::Conformance)) {
    if (isa<NominalTypeDecl>(attachedDecl))
      evaluate(attachedDecl, /*passParent=*/false, MacroRole::Conformance);
  }
  if (roles.contains(MacroRole::Extension)) {
    if (isa<NominalTypeDecl>(attachedDecl))
      evaluate(attachedDecl, /*passParent=*/false, MacroRole::Extension);
  }
  if (roles.contains(MacroRole::Preamble)) {
    if (isa<AbstractFunctionDecl>(attachedDecl))
      evaluate(attachedDecl, /*passParent=*/false, MacroRole::Preamble);
  }
  if (roles.contains(MacroRole::Body)) {
    if (isa<AbstractFunctionDecl>(attachedDecl))
      evaluate(attachedDecl, /*passParent=*/false, MacroRole::Body);
  }

  return bufferIDs;
}

/// Get the name of the custom attribute. This is used to create a dummy
/// MacroDecl.
static Identifier getCustomAttrName(ASTContext &ctx, const CustomAttr *attr) {
  TypeRepr *tyR = attr->getTypeRepr();
  if (auto ref = dyn_cast<DeclRefTypeRepr>(tyR)) {
    return ref->getNameRef().getBaseIdentifier();
  }

  // If the attribute is not an identifier type, create an identifier with its
  // textual representation. This is *not* expected to be reachable.
  // The only case is like `@Foo?` where the client should not send the
  // expansion request on this in the first place.
  SmallString<32> name;
  llvm::raw_svector_ostream OS(name);
  tyR->print(OS);
  return ctx.getIdentifier(name);
}

namespace {

/// Find macro expansion i.e. '#foo' or '@foo' at the specified source location.
/// If a freestanding expansion (i.e. #foo) is found, the result 'ExpansionNode'
/// only has the node. If an attribute is found, the attribute and the attached
/// decl object is returned.
struct ExpansionNode {
  CustomAttr *attribute;
  ASTNode node;
};
class MacroExpansionFinder : public ASTWalker {
  SourceManager &SM;
  SourceLoc locToResolve;
  std::optional<ExpansionNode> result;

  bool rangeContainsLocToResolve(SourceRange Range) const {
    return SM.rangeContainsTokenLoc(Range, locToResolve);
  }

public:
  MacroExpansionFinder(SourceManager &SM, SourceLoc locToResolve)
      : SM(SM), locToResolve(locToResolve) {}

  std::optional<ExpansionNode> getResult() const { return result; }

  MacroWalking getMacroWalkingBehavior() const override {
    return MacroWalking::None;
  }

  PreWalkAction walkToDeclPre(Decl *D) override {
    // Visit all 'VarDecl' because 'getSourceRangeIncludingAttrs()' doesn't
    // include its attribute ranges (because attributes are part of PBD.)
    if (!isa<VarDecl>(D) &&
        !rangeContainsLocToResolve(D->getSourceRangeIncludingAttrs())) {
      return Action::SkipNode();
    }

    // Check the attributes.
    for (DeclAttribute *attr : D->getAttrs()) {
      if (auto customAttr = dyn_cast<CustomAttr>(attr)) {
        SourceRange nameRange(customAttr->getRangeWithAt().Start,
                              customAttr->getTypeExpr()->getEndLoc());
        if (rangeContainsLocToResolve(nameRange)) {
          result = ExpansionNode{customAttr, ASTNode(D)};
          return Action::Stop();
        }
      }
    }

    // Check 'MacroExpansionDecl'.
    if (auto med = dyn_cast<MacroExpansionDecl>(D)) {
      SourceRange nameRange(med->getExpansionInfo()->SigilLoc,
                            med->getMacroNameLoc().getEndLoc());
      if (rangeContainsLocToResolve(nameRange)) {
        result = ExpansionNode{nullptr, ASTNode(med)};
        return Action::Stop();
      }
    }

    return Action::Continue();
  }

  PreWalkResult<Expr *> walkToExprPre(Expr *E) override {
    if (!rangeContainsLocToResolve(E->getSourceRange())) {
      return Action::SkipNode(E);
    }

    // Check 'MacroExpansionExpr'.
    if (auto mee = dyn_cast<MacroExpansionExpr>(E)) {
      SourceRange nameRange(mee->getExpansionInfo()->SigilLoc,
                            mee->getMacroNameLoc().getEndLoc());
      if (rangeContainsLocToResolve(nameRange)) {
        result = ExpansionNode{nullptr, ASTNode(mee)};
        return Action::Stop();
      }
    }

    return Action::Continue(E);
  }

  PreWalkResult<Stmt *> walkToStmtPre(Stmt *S) override {
    if (!rangeContainsLocToResolve(S->getSourceRange())) {
      return Action::SkipNode(S);
    }
    return Action::Continue(S);
  }
  PreWalkResult<ArgumentList *>
  walkToArgumentListPre(ArgumentList *AL) override {
    if (!rangeContainsLocToResolve(AL->getSourceRange())) {
      return Action::SkipNode(AL);
    }
    return Action::Continue(AL);
  }
  PreWalkAction walkToParameterListPre(ParameterList *PL) override {
    if (!rangeContainsLocToResolve(PL->getSourceRange())) {
      return Action::SkipNode();
    }
    return Action::Continue();
  }
  PreWalkAction walkToTypeReprPre(TypeRepr *T) override {
    // TypeRepr cannot have macro expansions in it.
    return Action::SkipNode();
  }
};
} // namespace

void SyntacticMacroExpansionInstance::expand(
    const MacroExpansionSpecifier &expansion, SourceEditConsumer &consumer) {

  // Find the expansion at 'expansion.offset'.
  MacroExpansionFinder expansionFinder(
      SourceMgr,
      SourceMgr.getLocForOffset(SF->getBufferID(), expansion.offset));
  SF->walk(expansionFinder);
  auto expansionNode = expansionFinder.getResult();
  if (!expansionNode)
    return;

  // Expand the macro.
  std::vector<unsigned> bufferIDs;
  if (auto *attr = expansionNode->attribute) {
    // Attached macros.
    MacroDecl *macro = getSynthesizedMacroDecl(
        getCustomAttrName(getASTContext(), attr), expansion);
    auto *attachedTo = expansionNode->node.get<Decl *>();
    bufferIDs = expandAttachedMacro(macro, attr, attachedTo);

    // For an attached macro, remove the custom attribute; it's been fully
    // subsumed by its expansions.
    SourceRange range = attr->getRangeWithAt();
    auto charRange = Lexer::getCharSourceRangeFromSourceRange(SourceMgr, range);
    consumer.remove(SourceMgr, charRange);
  } else {
    // Freestanding macros.
    FreestandingMacroExpansion *freestanding;
    auto node = expansionNode->node;
    if (node.is<Expr *>()) {
      freestanding = cast<MacroExpansionExpr>(node.get<Expr *>());
    } else {
      freestanding = cast<MacroExpansionDecl>(node.get<Decl *>());
    }

    MacroDecl *macro = getSynthesizedMacroDecl(
        freestanding->getMacroName().getBaseIdentifier(), expansion);
    bufferIDs = expandFreestandingMacro(macro, freestanding);
  }

  // Send all edits to the consumer.
  for (unsigned bufferID : bufferIDs) {
    consumer.acceptMacroExpansionBuffer(SourceMgr, bufferID, SF,
                                        /*adjust=*/false,
                                        /*includeBufferName=*/false);
  }
}

void SyntacticMacroExpansionInstance::expandAll(
    ArrayRef<MacroExpansionSpecifier> expansions,
    SourceEditConsumer &consumer) {
  for (const auto &expansion : expansions) {
    expand(expansion, consumer);
  }
}