TestNSJSONSerialization.swift

// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
//
// Copyright (c) 2014 - 2016 Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
// Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
//
// See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
// See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
//


#if DEPLOYMENT_RUNTIME_OBJC || os(Linux)
    import Foundation
    import XCTest
#else
    import SwiftFoundation
    import SwiftXCTest
#endif


class TestNSJSONSerialization : XCTestCase {
    
    let supportedEncodings: [String.Encoding] = [
        .utf8,
        .utf16, .utf16BigEndian,
        .utf32LittleEndian, .utf32BigEndian
    ]

    static var allTests: [(String, (TestNSJSONSerialization) -> () throws -> Void)] {
        return JSONObjectWithDataTests
            + deserializationTests
            + isValidJSONObjectTests
            + serializationTests
    }
    
}

//MARK: - JSONObjectWithData
extension TestNSJSONSerialization {

    class var JSONObjectWithDataTests: [(String, (TestNSJSONSerialization) -> () throws -> Void)] {
        return [
            ("test_JSONObjectWithData_emptyObject", test_JSONObjectWithData_emptyObject),
            ("test_JSONObjectWithData_encodingDetection", test_JSONObjectWithData_encodingDetection),
        ]
    }
    
    func test_JSONObjectWithData_emptyObject() {
        var bytes: [UInt8] = [0x7B, 0x7D]
        let subject = bytes.withUnsafeMutableBufferPointer {
            return Data(buffer: $0)
        }
        
        let object = try! JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: subject, options: []) as? [String:Any]
        XCTAssertEqual(object?.count, 0)
    }
    
    //MARK: - Encoding Detection
    func test_JSONObjectWithData_encodingDetection() {
        let subjects: [(String, [UInt8])] = [
            // BOM Detection
            ("{} UTF-8 w/BOM", [0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF, 0x7B, 0x7D]),
            ("{} UTF-16BE w/BOM", [0xFE, 0xFF, 0x0, 0x7B, 0x0, 0x7D]),
            ("{} UTF-16LE w/BOM", [0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7B, 0x0, 0x7D, 0x0]),
            ("{} UTF-32BE w/BOM", [0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x7B, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x7D]),
            ("{} UTF-32LE w/BOM", [0xFF, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7B, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x7D, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0]),
            
            // RFC4627 Detection
            ("{} UTF-8", [0x7B, 0x7D]),
            ("{} UTF-16BE", [0x0, 0x7B, 0x0, 0x7D]),
            ("{} UTF-16LE", [0x7B, 0x0, 0x7D, 0x0]),
            ("{} UTF-32BE", [0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x7B, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x7D]),
            ("{} UTF-32LE", [0x7B, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x7D, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0]),
            
            //            // Single Characters
            //            ("'3' UTF-8", [0x33]),
            //            ("'3' UTF-16BE", [0x0, 0x33]),
            //            ("'3' UTF-16LE", [0x33, 0x0]),
        ]
        
        for (description, encoded) in subjects {
            let result = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: Data(bytes:encoded, count: encoded.count), options: [])
            XCTAssertNotNil(result, description)
        }
    }

}

//MARK: - JSONDeserialization
extension TestNSJSONSerialization {
    
    class var deserializationTests: [(String, (TestNSJSONSerialization) -> () throws -> Void)] {
        return [
            ("test_deserialize_emptyObject", test_deserialize_emptyObject),
            ("test_deserialize_multiStringObject", test_deserialize_multiStringObject),
            
            ("test_deserialize_emptyArray", test_deserialize_emptyArray),
            ("test_deserialize_multiStringArray", test_deserialize_multiStringArray),
            ("test_deserialize_unicodeString", test_deserialize_unicodeString),
            ("test_deserialize_stringWithSpacesAtStart", test_deserialize_stringWithSpacesAtStart),
            
            
            ("test_deserialize_values", test_deserialize_values),
            ("test_deserialize_numbers", test_deserialize_numbers),
            
            ("test_deserialize_simpleEscapeSequences", test_deserialize_simpleEscapeSequences),
            ("test_deserialize_unicodeEscapeSequence", test_deserialize_unicodeEscapeSequence),
            ("test_deserialize_unicodeSurrogatePairEscapeSequence", test_deserialize_unicodeSurrogatePairEscapeSequence),
            // Disabled due to uninitialized memory SR-606
            // ("test_deserialize_allowFragments", test_deserialize_allowFragments),
            
            ("test_deserialize_unterminatedObjectString", test_deserialize_unterminatedObjectString),
            ("test_deserialize_missingObjectKey", test_deserialize_missingObjectKey),
            ("test_deserialize_unexpectedEndOfFile", test_deserialize_unexpectedEndOfFile),
            ("test_deserialize_invalidValueInObject", test_deserialize_invalidValueInObject),
            ("test_deserialize_invalidValueIncorrectSeparatorInObject", test_deserialize_invalidValueIncorrectSeparatorInObject),
            ("test_deserialize_invalidValueInArray", test_deserialize_invalidValueInArray),
            ("test_deserialize_badlyFormedArray", test_deserialize_badlyFormedArray),
            ("test_deserialize_invalidEscapeSequence", test_deserialize_invalidEscapeSequence),
            ("test_deserialize_unicodeMissingTrailingSurrogate", test_deserialize_unicodeMissingTrailingSurrogate),
            ("test_serialize_dictionaryWithDecimal", test_serialize_dictionaryWithDecimal),

        ]
    }
    
    //MARK: - Object Deserialization
    func test_deserialize_emptyObject() {
        let subject = "{}"
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let t = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            let result = t as? [String: Any]
            XCTAssertEqual(result?.count, 0)
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Error thrown: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_multiStringObject() {
        let subject = "{ \"hello\": \"world\", \"swift\": \"rocks\" }"
        do {
            for encoding in [String.Encoding.utf8, String.Encoding.utf16BigEndian] {
                guard let data = subject.data(using: encoding) else {
                    XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                    return
                }
                let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String: Any]
                XCTAssertEqual(result?["hello"] as? String, "world")
                XCTAssertEqual(result?["swift"] as? String, "rocks")
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Error thrown: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_stringWithSpacesAtStart(){
        
        let subject = "{\"title\" : \" hello world!!\" }"
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else  {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String : Any]
            XCTAssertEqual(result?["title"] as? String, " hello world!!")
        } catch{
            XCTFail("Error thrown: \(error)")
        }
        
        
    }
    
    //MARK: - Array Deserialization
    func test_deserialize_emptyArray() {
        let subject = "[]"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [Any]
            XCTAssertEqual(result?.count, 0)
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_multiStringArray() {
        let subject = "[\"hello\", \"swift⚡️\"]"
        
        do {
            for encoding in [String.Encoding.utf8, String.Encoding.utf16BigEndian] {
                guard let data = subject.data(using: encoding) else {
                    XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                    return
                }
                let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [Any]
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[0] as? String, "hello")
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[1] as? String, "swift⚡️")
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_unicodeString() {
        /// Ģ has the same LSB as quotation mark " (U+0022) so test guarding against this case
        let subject = "[\"unicode\", \"Ģ\", \"😢\"]"
        
        do {
            for encoding in [String.Encoding.utf16LittleEndian, String.Encoding.utf16BigEndian, String.Encoding.utf32LittleEndian, String.Encoding.utf32BigEndian] {
                guard let data = subject.data(using: encoding) else {
                    XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                    return
                }
                let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [Any]
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[0] as? String, "unicode")
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[1] as? String, "Ģ")
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[2] as? String, "😢")
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    //MARK: - Value parsing
    func test_deserialize_values() {
        let subject = "[true, false, \"hello\", null, {}, []]"
        
        do {
            for encoding in supportedEncodings {
                guard let data = subject.data(using: encoding) else {
                    XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                    return
                }
                let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [Any]
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[0] as? Bool, true)
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[1] as? Bool, false)
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[2] as? String, "hello")
                XCTAssertNotNil(result?[3] as? NSNull)
                XCTAssertNotNil(result?[4] as? [String:Any])
                XCTAssertNotNil(result?[5] as? [Any])
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    //MARK: - Number parsing
    func test_deserialize_numbers() {
        let subject = "[1, -1, 1.3, -1.3, 1e3, 1E-3]"
        
        do {
            for encoding in supportedEncodings {
                guard let data = subject.data(using: encoding) else {
                    XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                    return
                }
                let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [Any]
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[0] as? Int,        1)
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[1] as? Int,       -1)
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[2] as? Double,   1.3)
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[3] as? Double,  -1.3)
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[4] as? Double,  1000)
                XCTAssertEqual(result?[5] as? Double, 0.001)
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    //MARK: - Escape Sequences
    func test_deserialize_simpleEscapeSequences() {
        let subject = "[\"\\\"\", \"\\\\\", \"\\/\", \"\\b\", \"\\f\", \"\\n\", \"\\r\", \"\\t\"]"
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let res = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [Any]
            let result = res?.flatMap { $0 as? String }
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[0], "\"")
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[1], "\\")
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[2], "/")
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[3], "\u{08}")
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[4], "\u{0C}")
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[5], "\u{0A}")
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[6], "\u{0D}")
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[7], "\u{09}")
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_unicodeEscapeSequence() {
        let subject = "[\"\\u2728\"]"
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [Any]
            // result?[0] as? String returns an Optional<String> and RHS is promoted
            // to Optional<String>
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[0] as? String, "✨")
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_unicodeSurrogatePairEscapeSequence() {
        let subject = "[\"\\uD834\\udd1E\"]"
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [Any]
            // result?[0] as? String returns an Optional<String> and RHS is promoted
            // to Optional<String>
            XCTAssertEqual(result?[0] as? String, "\u{1D11E}")
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_allowFragments() {
        let subject = "3"
        
        do {
            for encoding in supportedEncodings {
                guard let data = subject.data(using: encoding) else {
                    XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                    return
                }
                let result = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .allowFragments) as? Int
                XCTAssertEqual(result, 3)
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unexpected error: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    //MARK: - Parsing Errors
    func test_deserialize_unterminatedObjectString() {
        let subject = "{\"}"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            XCTFail("Expected error: UnterminatedString")
        } catch {
            // Passing case; the object as unterminated
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_missingObjectKey() {
        let subject = "{3}"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            XCTFail("Expected error: Missing key for value")
        } catch {
            // Passing case; the key was missing for a value
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_unexpectedEndOfFile() {
        let subject = "{"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            XCTFail("Expected error: Unexpected end of file")
        } catch {
            // Success
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_invalidValueInObject() {
        let subject = "{\"error\":}"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            XCTFail("Expected error: Invalid value")
        } catch {
            // Passing case; the value is invalid
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_invalidValueIncorrectSeparatorInObject() {
        let subject = "{\"missing\";}"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            XCTFail("Expected error: Invalid value")
        } catch {
            // passing case the value is invalid
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_invalidValueInArray() {
        let subject = "[,"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            XCTFail("Expected error: Invalid value")
        } catch {
            // Passing case; the element in the array is missing
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_badlyFormedArray() {
        let subject = "[2b4]"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            XCTFail("Expected error: Badly formed array")
        } catch {
            // Passing case; the array is malformed
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_invalidEscapeSequence() {
        let subject = "[\"\\e\"]"
        
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
            XCTFail("Expected error: Invalid escape sequence")
        } catch {
            // Passing case; the escape sequence is invalid
        }
    }
    
    func test_deserialize_unicodeMissingTrailingSurrogate() {
        let subject = "[\"\\uD834\"]"
        do {
            guard let data = subject.data(using: .utf8) else {
                XCTFail("Unable to convert string to data")
                return
            }
            let _ = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String]
            XCTFail("Expected error: Missing Trailing Surrogate")
        } catch {
            // Passing case; the unicode character is malformed
        }
    }

}

// MARK: - isValidJSONObjectTests
extension TestNSJSONSerialization {

    class var isValidJSONObjectTests: [(String, (TestNSJSONSerialization) -> () throws -> Void)] {
        return [
            ("test_isValidJSONObjectTrue", test_isValidJSONObjectTrue),
            ("test_isValidJSONObjectFalse", test_isValidJSONObjectFalse),
        ]
    }

    func test_isValidJSONObjectTrue() {
        let trueJSON: [Any] = [
            // []
            Array<Any>(),

            // [1, ["string", [[]]]]
            Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
                NSNumber(value: Int(1)),
                Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
                    "string",
                    Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
                        Array<Any>()
                    )
                )
            ),

            // [NSNull(), ["1" : ["string", 1], "2" : NSNull()]]
            Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
                NSNull(),
                Dictionary<String, Any>(dictionaryLiteral:
                    (
                        "1",
                        Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
                            "string",
                            NSNumber(value: Int(1))
                        )
                    ),
                    (
                        "2",
                        NSNull()
                    )
                )
            ),

            // ["0" : 0]
            Dictionary<String, Any>(dictionaryLiteral:
                (
                    "0",
                    NSNumber(value: Int(0))
                )
            )
        ]
        for testCase in trueJSON {
            XCTAssertTrue(JSONSerialization.isValidJSONObject(testCase))
        }
    }

    func test_isValidJSONObjectFalse() {
        var falseJSON = [Any]()
        falseJSON.append(NSNumber(value: Int(0)))
        falseJSON.append(NSNull())
        falseJSON.append("string")
        falseJSON.append(Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
            NSNumber(value: Int(1)),
            NSNumber(value: Int(2)),
            NSNumber(value: Int(3)),
            Dictionary<NSNumber, Any>(dictionaryLiteral:
                (
                    NSNumber(value: Int(4)),
                    NSNumber(value: Int(5))
                )
            )
        ))
        
        let one = NSNumber(value: Int(1))
        let two = NSNumber(value: Int(2))
        let divo = NSNumber(value: Double(1) / Double(0))
        falseJSON.append([one, two, divo])
        falseJSON.append([NSNull() : NSNumber(value: Int(1))])
        falseJSON.append(Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
            Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
                Array<Any>(arrayLiteral:
                    Dictionary<NSNumber, Any>(dictionaryLiteral:
                        (
                            NSNumber(value: Int(1)),
                            NSNumber(value: Int(2))
                        )
                    )
                )
            )
        ))
        
        for testCase in falseJSON {
            XCTAssertFalse(JSONSerialization.isValidJSONObject(testCase))
        }
    }

}

// MARK: - serializationTests
extension TestNSJSONSerialization {

    class var serializationTests: [(String, (TestNSJSONSerialization) -> () throws -> Void)] {
        return [
            ("test_serialize_emptyObject", test_serialize_emptyObject),
            ("test_serialize_null", test_serialize_null),
            ("test_serialize_complexObject", test_serialize_complexObject),
            ("test_nested_array", test_nested_array),
            ("test_nested_dictionary", test_nested_dictionary),
            ("test_serialize_number", test_serialize_number),
            ("test_serialize_stringEscaping", test_serialize_stringEscaping),
            ("test_jsonReadingOffTheEndOfBuffers", test_jsonReadingOffTheEndOfBuffers),
            ("test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamBuffer", test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamBuffer),
            ("test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamFile", test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamFile),
            ("test_invalidJsonObjectToStreamBuffer", test_invalidJsonObjectToStreamBuffer),
            ("test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamInsufficeintBuffer", test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamInsufficeintBuffer),
        ]
    }

    func trySerialize(_ obj: Any) throws -> String {
        let data = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: obj, options: [])
        guard let string = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) else {
            XCTFail("Unable to create string")
            return ""
        }
        return string
    }

    func test_serialize_emptyObject() {
        let dict1 = [String: Any]()
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict1), "{}")
            
        let dict2 = [String: NSNumber]()
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict2), "{}")

        let dict3 = [String: String]()
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict3), "{}")

        let array1 = [String]()
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(array1), "[]")

        let array2 = [NSNumber]()
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(array2), "[]")
    }
    
    //[SR-2151] https://bugs.swift.org/browse/SR-2151
    //NSJSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject:options) produces illegal JSON code
    func test_serialize_dictionaryWithDecimal() {
        
        //test serialize values less than 1 with maxFractionDigits = 15
        func excecute_testSetLessThanOne() {
            //expected : input to be serialized
            let params  = [
                           ("0.1",0.1),
                           ("0.2",0.2),
                           ("0.3",0.3),
                           ("0.4",0.4),
                           ("0.5",0.5),
                           ("0.6",0.6),
                           ("0.7",0.7),
                           ("0.8",0.8),
                           ("0.9",0.9),
                           ("0.23456789012345",0.23456789012345),

                           ("-0.1",-0.1),
                           ("-0.2",-0.2),
                           ("-0.3",-0.3),
                           ("-0.4",-0.4),
                           ("-0.5",-0.5),
                           ("-0.6",-0.6),
                           ("-0.7",-0.7),
                           ("-0.8",-0.8),
                           ("-0.9",-0.9),
                           ("-0.23456789012345",-0.23456789012345),
                           ]
            for param in params {
                let testDict = [param.0 : param.1]
                let str = try? trySerialize(testDict)
                XCTAssertEqual(str!, "{\"\(param.0)\":\(param.1)}", "serialized value should  have a decimal places and leading zero")
            }
        }
        //test serialize values grater than 1 with maxFractionDigits = 15
        func excecute_testSetGraterThanOne() {
            let paramsBove1 = [
                ("1.1",1.1),
                ("1.2",1.2),
                ("1.23456789012345",1.23456789012345),
                ("-1.1",-1.1),
                ("-1.2",-1.2),
                ("-1.23456789012345",-1.23456789012345),
                ]
            for param in paramsBove1 {
                let testDict = [param.0 : param.1]
                let str = try? trySerialize(testDict)
                XCTAssertEqual(str!, "{\"\(param.0)\":\(param.1)}", "serialized Double should  have a decimal places and leading value")
            }
        }

        //test serialize values for whole integer where the input is in Double format
        func excecute_testWholeNumbersWithDoubleAsInput() {
            
            let paramsWholeNumbers = [
                ("-1"  ,-1.0),
                ("0"  ,0.0),
                ("1"  ,1.0),
                ]
            for param in paramsWholeNumbers {
                let testDict = [param.0 : param.1]
                let str = try? trySerialize(testDict)
                XCTAssertEqual(str!, "{\"\(param.0)\":\(NSString(string:param.0).intValue)}", "expect that serialized value should not contain trailing zero or decimal as they are whole numbers ")
            }
        }
        
        func excecute_testWholeNumbersWithIntInput() {
            for i  in -10..<10 {
                let iStr = "\(i)"
                let testDict = [iStr : i]
                let str = try? trySerialize(testDict)
                XCTAssertEqual(str!, "{\"\(iStr)\":\(i)}", "expect that serialized value should not contain trailing zero or decimal as they are whole numbers ")
            }
        }
        excecute_testSetLessThanOne()
        excecute_testSetGraterThanOne()
        excecute_testWholeNumbersWithDoubleAsInput()
        excecute_testWholeNumbersWithIntInput()
    }
    
    func test_serialize_null() {
        let arr = [NSNull()]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(arr), "[null]")
        
        let dict = ["a":NSNull()]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict), "{\"a\":null}")
        
        let arr2 = [NSNull(), NSNull(), NSNull()]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(arr2), "[null,null,null]")
        
        let dict2 = [["a":NSNull()], ["b":NSNull()], ["c":NSNull()]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict2), "[{\"a\":null},{\"b\":null},{\"c\":null}]")
    }

    func test_serialize_complexObject() {
        let jsonDict = ["a": 4]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(jsonDict), "{\"a\":4}")

        let jsonArr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(jsonArr), "[1,2,3,4]")

        let jsonDict2 = ["a": [1,2]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(jsonDict2), "{\"a\":[1,2]}")

        let jsonArr2 = ["a", "b", "c"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(jsonArr2), "[\"a\",\"b\",\"c\"]")
        
        let jsonArr3 = [["a":1],["b":2]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(jsonArr3), "[{\"a\":1},{\"b\":2}]")
        
        let jsonArr4 = [["a":NSNull()],["b":NSNull()]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(jsonArr4), "[{\"a\":null},{\"b\":null}]")
    }
    
    func test_nested_array() {
        var arr: [Any] = ["a"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(arr), "[\"a\"]")
        
        arr = [["b"]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(arr), "[[\"b\"]]")
        
        arr = [[["c"]]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(arr), "[[[\"c\"]]]")
        
        arr = [[[["d"]]]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(arr), "[[[[\"d\"]]]]")
    }
    
    func test_nested_dictionary() {
        var dict: [AnyHashable : Any] = ["a":1]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict), "{\"a\":1}")
        
        dict = ["a":["b":1]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict), "{\"a\":{\"b\":1}}")
        
        dict = ["a":["b":["c":1]]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict), "{\"a\":{\"b\":{\"c\":1}}}")
        
        dict = ["a":["b":["c":["d":1]]]]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(dict), "{\"a\":{\"b\":{\"c\":{\"d\":1}}}}")
    }
    
    func test_serialize_number() {
        var json: [Any] = [1, 1.1, 0, -2]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[1,1.1,0,-2]")
        
        // Cannot generate "true"/"false" currently
        json = [NSNumber(value:false),NSNumber(value:true)]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[0,1]")
    }
    
    func test_serialize_stringEscaping() {
        var json = ["foo"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"foo\"]")

        json = ["a\0"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"a\\u0000\"]")
            
        json = ["b\\"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"b\\\\\"]")
        
        json = ["c\t"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"c\\t\"]")
        
        json = ["d\n"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"d\\n\"]")
        
        json = ["e\r"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"e\\r\"]")
        
        json = ["f\""]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"f\\\"\"]")
        
        json = ["g\'"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"g\'\"]")
        
        json = ["h\u{7}"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"h\\u0007\"]")
        
        json = ["i\u{1f}"]
        XCTAssertEqual(try trySerialize(json), "[\"i\\u001f\"]")
    }

    /* These are a programming error and should not be done
       Ideally the interface for JSONSerialization should at compile time prevent this type of thing
       by overloading the interface such that it can only accept dictionaries and arrays.
    func test_serialize_invalid_json() {
        let str = "Invalid JSON"
        do {
            let _ = try trySerialize(str)
            XCTFail("Top-level JSON object cannot be string")
        } catch {
            // should get here
        }
        
        let double = NSNumber(value: Double(1.2))
        do {
            let _ = try trySerialize(double)
            XCTFail("Top-level JSON object cannot be double")
        } catch {
            // should get here
        }
        
        let dict = [NSNumber(value: Double(1.2)):"a"]
        do {
            let _ = try trySerialize(dict)
            XCTFail("Dictionary keys must be strings")
        } catch {
            // should get here
        }
    }
 */
    
    func test_jsonReadingOffTheEndOfBuffers() {
        let data = "12345679".data(using: .utf8)!
        do {
            let res = try data.withUnsafeBytes { (bytes: UnsafePointer<UInt8>) -> Any in
                let slice = Data(bytesNoCopy: UnsafeMutablePointer(mutating: bytes), count: 1, deallocator: .none)
                return try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: slice, options: .allowFragments)
            }
            if let num = res as? Int {
                XCTAssertEqual(1, num) // the slice truncation should only parse 1 byte!
            } else {
                XCTFail("expected an integer but got a \(res)")
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Unknow json decoding failure")
        }
    }
    
    func test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamBuffer(){
        let dict = ["a":["b":1]]
        do {
            let buffer = Array<UInt8>(repeating: 0, count: 20)
            let outputStream = NSOutputStream(toBuffer: UnsafeMutablePointer(mutating: buffer), capacity: 20)
            outputStream.open()
            let result = try JSONSerialization.writeJSONObject(dict, toStream: outputStream, options: [])
            outputStream.close()
            if(result > -1) {
                XCTAssertEqual(NSString(bytes: buffer, length: buffer.count, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue), "{\"a\":{\"b\":1}}")
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Error thrown: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamFile() {
        let dict = ["a":["b":1]]
        do {
            let filePath = createTestFile("TestFileOut.txt",_contents: Data(capacity: 128))
            if filePath != nil {
                let outputStream = NSOutputStream(toFileAtPath: filePath!, append: true)
                outputStream?.open()
                let result = try JSONSerialization.writeJSONObject(dict, toStream: outputStream!, options: [])
                outputStream?.close()
                if(result > -1) {
                    let fileStream: InputStream = InputStream(fileAtPath: filePath!)!
                    var buffer = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: 20)
                    fileStream.open()
                    if fileStream.hasBytesAvailable {
                        let resultRead: Int = fileStream.read(&buffer, maxLength: buffer.count)
                        fileStream.close()
                        if(resultRead > -1){
                            XCTAssertEqual(NSString(bytes: buffer, length: buffer.count, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue), "{\"a\":{\"b\":1}}")
                        }
                    }
                    removeTestFile(filePath!)
                } else {
                    XCTFail("Unable to create temp file")
                }
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Error thrown: \(error)")
        }
    }
    
    func test_jsonObjectToOutputStreamInsufficeintBuffer() {
        let dict = ["a":["b":1]]
        let buffer = Array<UInt8>(repeating: 0, count: 10)
        let outputStream = NSOutputStream(toBuffer: UnsafeMutablePointer(mutating: buffer), capacity: buffer.count)
        outputStream.open()
        do {
            let result = try JSONSerialization.writeJSONObject(dict, toStream: outputStream, options: [])
            outputStream.close()
            if(result > -1) {
                XCTAssertNotEqual(NSString(bytes: buffer, length: buffer.count, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue), "{\"a\":{\"b\":1}}")
            }
        } catch {
            XCTFail("Error occurred while writing to stream")
        }
    }
    
    func test_invalidJsonObjectToStreamBuffer() {
        let str = "Invalid JSON"
        let buffer = Array<UInt8>(repeating: 0, count: 10)
        let outputStream = NSOutputStream(toBuffer: UnsafeMutablePointer(mutating: buffer), capacity: buffer.count)
        outputStream.open()
        XCTAssertThrowsError(try JSONSerialization.writeJSONObject(str, toStream: outputStream, options: []))
    }
    
    private func createTestFile(_ path: String,_contents: Data) -> String? {
        let tempDir = "/tmp/TestFoundation_Playground_" + NSUUID().uuidString + "/"
        do {
            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: tempDir, withIntermediateDirectories: false, attributes: nil)
            if FileManager.default.createFile(atPath: tempDir + "/" + path, contents: _contents,
                                                attributes: nil) {
                return tempDir + path
            } else {
                return nil
            }
        } catch _ {
            return nil
        }
    }
    
    private func removeTestFile(_ location: String) {
        do {
            try FileManager.default.removeItem(atPath: location)
        } catch _ {
            
        }
    }
}