route.c

/*
 * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
 *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
 *		interface as the means of communication with the user level.
 *
 *		ROUTE - implementation of the IP router.
 *
 * Authors:	Ross Biro
 *		Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
 *		Alan Cox, <gw4pts@gw4pts.ampr.org>
 *		Linus Torvalds, <Linus.Torvalds@helsinki.fi>
 *		Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
 *
 * Fixes:
 *		Alan Cox	:	Verify area fixes.
 *		Alan Cox	:	cli() protects routing changes
 *		Rui Oliveira	:	ICMP routing table updates
 *		(rco@di.uminho.pt)	Routing table insertion and update
 *		Linus Torvalds	:	Rewrote bits to be sensible
 *		Alan Cox	:	Added BSD route gw semantics
 *		Alan Cox	:	Super /proc >4K
 *		Alan Cox	:	MTU in route table
 *		Alan Cox	: 	MSS actually. Also added the window
 *					clamper.
 *		Sam Lantinga	:	Fixed route matching in rt_del()
 *		Alan Cox	:	Routing cache support.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Removed compatibility cruft.
 *		Alan Cox	:	RTF_REJECT support.
 *		Alan Cox	:	TCP irtt support.
 *		Jonathan Naylor	:	Added Metric support.
 *	Miquel van Smoorenburg	:	BSD API fixes.
 *	Miquel van Smoorenburg	:	Metrics.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Use __u32 properly
 *		Alan Cox	:	Aligned routing errors more closely with BSD
 *					our system is still very different.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Faster /proc handling
 *	Alexey Kuznetsov	:	Massive rework to support tree based routing,
 *					routing caches and better behaviour.
 *
 *		Olaf Erb	:	irtt wasn't being copied right.
 *		Bjorn Ekwall	:	Kerneld route support.
 *		Alan Cox	:	Multicast fixed (I hope)
 * 		Pavel Krauz	:	Limited broadcast fixed
 *		Mike McLagan	:	Routing by source
 *	Alexey Kuznetsov	:	End of old history. Split to fib.c and
 *					route.c and rewritten from scratch.
 *		Andi Kleen	:	Load-limit warning messages.
 *	Vitaly E. Lavrov	:	Transparent proxy revived after year coma.
 *	Vitaly E. Lavrov	:	Race condition in ip_route_input_slow.
 *	Tobias Ringstrom	:	Uninitialized res.type in ip_route_output_slow.
 *	Vladimir V. Ivanov	:	IP rule info (flowid) is really useful.
 *		Marc Boucher	:	routing by fwmark
 *	Robert Olsson		:	Added rt_cache statistics
 *	Arnaldo C. Melo		:	Convert proc stuff to seq_file
 *	Eric Dumazet		:	hashed spinlocks and rt_check_expire() fixes.
 * 	Ilia Sotnikov		:	Ignore TOS on PMTUD and Redirect
 * 	Ilia Sotnikov		:	Removed TOS from hash calculations
 *
 *		This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *		modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 *		as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 *		2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/socket.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/in.h>
#include <linux/inet.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/inetdevice.h>
#include <linux/igmp.h>
#include <linux/pkt_sched.h>
#include <linux/mroute.h>
#include <linux/netfilter_ipv4.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/jhash.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/times.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <net/dst.h>
#include <net/net_namespace.h>
#include <net/protocol.h>
#include <net/ip.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/inetpeer.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <net/ip_fib.h>
#include <net/arp.h>
#include <net/tcp.h>
#include <net/icmp.h>
#include <net/xfrm.h>
#include <net/netevent.h>
#include <net/rtnetlink.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#endif

#define RT_FL_TOS(oldflp) \
    ((u32)(oldflp->fl4_tos & (IPTOS_RT_MASK | RTO_ONLINK)))

#define IP_MAX_MTU	0xFFF0

#define RT_GC_TIMEOUT (300*HZ)

static int ip_rt_max_size;
static int ip_rt_gc_timeout __read_mostly	= RT_GC_TIMEOUT;
static int ip_rt_gc_interval __read_mostly	= 60 * HZ;
static int ip_rt_gc_min_interval __read_mostly	= HZ / 2;
static int ip_rt_redirect_number __read_mostly	= 9;
static int ip_rt_redirect_load __read_mostly	= HZ / 50;
static int ip_rt_redirect_silence __read_mostly	= ((HZ / 50) << (9 + 1));
static int ip_rt_error_cost __read_mostly	= HZ;
static int ip_rt_error_burst __read_mostly	= 5 * HZ;
static int ip_rt_gc_elasticity __read_mostly	= 8;
static int ip_rt_mtu_expires __read_mostly	= 10 * 60 * HZ;
static int ip_rt_min_pmtu __read_mostly		= 512 + 20 + 20;
static int ip_rt_min_advmss __read_mostly	= 256;
static int rt_chain_length_max __read_mostly	= 20;

static struct delayed_work expires_work;
static unsigned long expires_ljiffies;

/*
 *	Interface to generic destination cache.
 */

static struct dst_entry *ipv4_dst_check(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 cookie);
static void		 ipv4_dst_destroy(struct dst_entry *dst);
static void		 ipv4_dst_ifdown(struct dst_entry *dst,
					 struct net_device *dev, int how);
static struct dst_entry *ipv4_negative_advice(struct dst_entry *dst);
static void		 ipv4_link_failure(struct sk_buff *skb);
static void		 ip_rt_update_pmtu(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 mtu);
static int rt_garbage_collect(struct dst_ops *ops);


static struct dst_ops ipv4_dst_ops = {
	.family =		AF_INET,
	.protocol =		cpu_to_be16(ETH_P_IP),
	.gc =			rt_garbage_collect,
	.check =		ipv4_dst_check,
	.destroy =		ipv4_dst_destroy,
	.ifdown =		ipv4_dst_ifdown,
	.negative_advice =	ipv4_negative_advice,
	.link_failure =		ipv4_link_failure,
	.update_pmtu =		ip_rt_update_pmtu,
	.local_out =		__ip_local_out,
	.entries =		ATOMIC_INIT(0),
};

#define ECN_OR_COST(class)	TC_PRIO_##class

const __u8 ip_tos2prio[16] = {
	TC_PRIO_BESTEFFORT,
	ECN_OR_COST(FILLER),
	TC_PRIO_BESTEFFORT,
	ECN_OR_COST(BESTEFFORT),
	TC_PRIO_BULK,
	ECN_OR_COST(BULK),
	TC_PRIO_BULK,
	ECN_OR_COST(BULK),
	TC_PRIO_INTERACTIVE,
	ECN_OR_COST(INTERACTIVE),
	TC_PRIO_INTERACTIVE,
	ECN_OR_COST(INTERACTIVE),
	TC_PRIO_INTERACTIVE_BULK,
	ECN_OR_COST(INTERACTIVE_BULK),
	TC_PRIO_INTERACTIVE_BULK,
	ECN_OR_COST(INTERACTIVE_BULK)
};


/*
 * Route cache.
 */

/* The locking scheme is rather straight forward:
 *
 * 1) Read-Copy Update protects the buckets of the central route hash.
 * 2) Only writers remove entries, and they hold the lock
 *    as they look at rtable reference counts.
 * 3) Only readers acquire references to rtable entries,
 *    they do so with atomic increments and with the
 *    lock held.
 */
/*
+-------------+  +-----------------+  +--------------+  +--------------+
|rt_hash_table|->|rt_hash_bucket[0]|->|   u.dst      |->|   u.dst      |-> ~~~ 
+-------------+  +-----------------+  +--------------+  +--------------+
                 |rt_hash_bucket[1]|  ~           ~  ~              ~
                 +-----------------+  +--------------+  +--------------+
                 |rt_hash_bucket[2]|  |   peer       |  |   peer       |
                 +-----------------+  +--------------+  +--------------+
                 ~                 ~
                 ~                 ~  struct rtable
                 +-----------------+  +--------------+
                 |rt_hash_bucket[n]|->|   u.dst      |-> ~~~
                 +-----------------+  +--------------+
                                      ~              ~
                                      +--------------+
                                      |   peer       |
                                      +--------------+

*/
struct rt_hash_bucket {
	struct rtable	*chain;
};

#if defined(CONFIG_SMP) || defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK) || \
	defined(CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING)
/*
 * Instead of using one spinlock for each rt_hash_bucket, we use a table of spinlocks
 * The size of this table is a power of two and depends on the number of CPUS.
 * (on lockdep we have a quite big spinlock_t, so keep the size down there)
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
# define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ	256
#else
# if NR_CPUS >= 32
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ	4096
# elif NR_CPUS >= 16
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ	2048
# elif NR_CPUS >= 8
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ	1024
# elif NR_CPUS >= 4
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ	512
# else
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ	256
# endif
#endif

static spinlock_t	*rt_hash_locks;
# define rt_hash_lock_addr(slot) &rt_hash_locks[(slot) & (RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ - 1)]

static __init void rt_hash_lock_init(void)
{
	int i;

	rt_hash_locks = kmalloc(sizeof(spinlock_t) * RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ,
			GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!rt_hash_locks)
		panic("IP: failed to allocate rt_hash_locks\n");

	for (i = 0; i < RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ; i++)
		spin_lock_init(&rt_hash_locks[i]);
}
#else
# define rt_hash_lock_addr(slot) NULL

static inline void rt_hash_lock_init(void)
{
}
#endif

static struct rt_hash_bucket 	*rt_hash_table __read_mostly;
static unsigned			rt_hash_mask __read_mostly;
static unsigned int		rt_hash_log  __read_mostly;

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rt_cache_stat, rt_cache_stat);
#define RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(field) \
	(__raw_get_cpu_var(rt_cache_stat).field++)

static inline unsigned int rt_hash(__be32 daddr, __be32 saddr, int idx,
				   int genid)
{
	return jhash_3words((__force u32)daddr, (__force u32)saddr,
			    idx, genid)
		& rt_hash_mask;
}

static inline int rt_genid(struct net *net)
{
	return atomic_read(&net->ipv4.rt_genid);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
struct rt_cache_iter_state {
	struct seq_net_private p;
	int bucket;
	int genid;
};

static struct rtable *rt_cache_get_first(struct seq_file *seq)
{
	struct rt_cache_iter_state *st = seq->private;
	struct rtable *r = NULL;

	for (st->bucket = rt_hash_mask; st->bucket >= 0; --st->bucket) {
		if (!rt_hash_table[st->bucket].chain)
			continue;
		rcu_read_lock_bh();
		r = rcu_dereference_bh(rt_hash_table[st->bucket].chain);
		while (r) {
			if (dev_net(r->u.dst.dev) == seq_file_net(seq) &&
			    r->rt_genid == st->genid)
				return r;
			r = rcu_dereference_bh(r->u.dst.rt_next);
		}
		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
	}
	return r;
}

static struct rtable *__rt_cache_get_next(struct seq_file *seq,
					  struct rtable *r)
{
	struct rt_cache_iter_state *st = seq->private;

	r = r->u.dst.rt_next;
	while (!r) {
		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
		do {
			if (--st->bucket < 0)
				return NULL;
		} while (!rt_hash_table[st->bucket].chain);
		rcu_read_lock_bh();
		r = rt_hash_table[st->bucket].chain;
	}
	return rcu_dereference_bh(r);
}

static struct rtable *rt_cache_get_next(struct seq_file *seq,
					struct rtable *r)
{
	struct rt_cache_iter_state *st = seq->private;
	while ((r = __rt_cache_get_next(seq, r)) != NULL) {
		if (dev_net(r->u.dst.dev) != seq_file_net(seq))
			continue;
		if (r->rt_genid == st->genid)
			break;
	}
	return r;
}

static struct rtable *rt_cache_get_idx(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t pos)
{
	struct rtable *r = rt_cache_get_first(seq);

	if (r)
		while (pos && (r = rt_cache_get_next(seq, r)))
			--pos;
	return pos ? NULL : r;
}

static void *rt_cache_seq_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct rt_cache_iter_state *st = seq->private;
	if (*pos)
		return rt_cache_get_idx(seq, *pos - 1);
	st->genid = rt_genid(seq_file_net(seq));
	return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
}

static void *rt_cache_seq_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct rtable *r;

	if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
		r = rt_cache_get_first(seq);
	else
		r = rt_cache_get_next(seq, v);
	++*pos;
	return r;
}

static void rt_cache_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{
	if (v && v != SEQ_START_TOKEN)
		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
}

static int rt_cache_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{
	if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
		seq_printf(seq, "%-127s\n",
			   "Iface\tDestination\tGateway \tFlags\t\tRefCnt\tUse\t"
			   "Metric\tSource\t\tMTU\tWindow\tIRTT\tTOS\tHHRef\t"
			   "HHUptod\tSpecDst");
	else {
		struct rtable *r = v;
		int len;

		seq_printf(seq, "%s\t%08X\t%08X\t%8X\t%d\t%u\t%d\t"
			      "%08X\t%d\t%u\t%u\t%02X\t%d\t%1d\t%08X%n",
			r->u.dst.dev ? r->u.dst.dev->name : "*",
			(__force u32)r->rt_dst,
			(__force u32)r->rt_gateway,
			r->rt_flags, atomic_read(&r->u.dst.__refcnt),
			r->u.dst.__use, 0, (__force u32)r->rt_src,
			(dst_metric(&r->u.dst, RTAX_ADVMSS) ?
			     (int)dst_metric(&r->u.dst, RTAX_ADVMSS) + 40 : 0),
			dst_metric(&r->u.dst, RTAX_WINDOW),
			(int)((dst_metric(&r->u.dst, RTAX_RTT) >> 3) +
			      dst_metric(&r->u.dst, RTAX_RTTVAR)),
			r->fl.fl4_tos,
			r->u.dst.hh ? atomic_read(&r->u.dst.hh->hh_refcnt) : -1,
			r->u.dst.hh ? (r->u.dst.hh->hh_output ==
				       dev_queue_xmit) : 0,
			r->rt_spec_dst, &len);

		seq_printf(seq, "%*s\n", 127 - len, "");
	}
	return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations rt_cache_seq_ops = {
	.start  = rt_cache_seq_start,
	.next   = rt_cache_seq_next,
	.stop   = rt_cache_seq_stop,
	.show   = rt_cache_seq_show,
};

static int rt_cache_seq_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	return seq_open_net(inode, file, &rt_cache_seq_ops,
			sizeof(struct rt_cache_iter_state));
}

static const struct file_operations rt_cache_seq_fops = {
	.owner	 = THIS_MODULE,
	.open	 = rt_cache_seq_open,
	.read	 = seq_read,
	.llseek	 = seq_lseek,
	.release = seq_release_net,
};


static void *rt_cpu_seq_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *pos)
{
	int cpu;

	if (*pos == 0)
		return SEQ_START_TOKEN;

	for (cpu = *pos-1; cpu < nr_cpu_ids; ++cpu) {
		if (!cpu_possible(cpu))
			continue;
		*pos = cpu+1;
		return &per_cpu(rt_cache_stat, cpu);
	}
	return NULL;
}

static void *rt_cpu_seq_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	int cpu;

	for (cpu = *pos; cpu < nr_cpu_ids; ++cpu) {
		if (!cpu_possible(cpu))
			continue;
		*pos = cpu+1;
		return &per_cpu(rt_cache_stat, cpu);
	}
	return NULL;

}

static void rt_cpu_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{

}

static int rt_cpu_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{
	struct rt_cache_stat *st = v;

	if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN) {
		seq_printf(seq, "entries  in_hit in_slow_tot in_slow_mc in_no_route in_brd in_martian_dst in_martian_src  out_hit out_slow_tot out_slow_mc  gc_total gc_ignored gc_goal_miss gc_dst_overflow in_hlist_search out_hlist_search\n");
		return 0;
	}

	seq_printf(seq,"%08x  %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x "
		   " %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x \n",
		   atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries),
		   st->in_hit,
		   st->in_slow_tot,
		   st->in_slow_mc,
		   st->in_no_route,
		   st->in_brd,
		   st->in_martian_dst,
		   st->in_martian_src,

		   st->out_hit,
		   st->out_slow_tot,
		   st->out_slow_mc,

		   st->gc_total,
		   st->gc_ignored,
		   st->gc_goal_miss,
		   st->gc_dst_overflow,
		   st->in_hlist_search,
		   st->out_hlist_search
		);
	return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations rt_cpu_seq_ops = {
	.start  = rt_cpu_seq_start,
	.next   = rt_cpu_seq_next,
	.stop   = rt_cpu_seq_stop,
	.show   = rt_cpu_seq_show,
};


static int rt_cpu_seq_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	return seq_open(file, &rt_cpu_seq_ops);
}

static const struct file_operations rt_cpu_seq_fops = {
	.owner	 = THIS_MODULE,
	.open	 = rt_cpu_seq_open,
	.read	 = seq_read,
	.llseek	 = seq_lseek,
	.release = seq_release,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
static int rt_acct_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct ip_rt_acct *dst, *src;
	unsigned int i, j;

	dst = kcalloc(256, sizeof(struct ip_rt_acct), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!dst)
		return -ENOMEM;

	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
		src = (struct ip_rt_acct *)per_cpu_ptr(ip_rt_acct, i);
		for (j = 0; j < 256; j++) {
			dst[j].o_bytes   += src[j].o_bytes;
			dst[j].o_packets += src[j].o_packets;
			dst[j].i_bytes   += src[j].i_bytes;
			dst[j].i_packets += src[j].i_packets;
		}
	}

	seq_write(m, dst, 256 * sizeof(struct ip_rt_acct));
	kfree(dst);
	return 0;
}

static int rt_acct_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	return single_open(file, rt_acct_proc_show, NULL);
}

static const struct file_operations rt_acct_proc_fops = {
	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
	.open		= rt_acct_proc_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= single_release,
};
#endif

static int __net_init ip_rt_do_proc_init(struct net *net)
{
	struct proc_dir_entry *pde;

	pde = proc_net_fops_create(net, "rt_cache", S_IRUGO,
			&rt_cache_seq_fops);
	if (!pde)
		goto err1;

	pde = proc_create("rt_cache", S_IRUGO,
			  net->proc_net_stat, &rt_cpu_seq_fops);
	if (!pde)
		goto err2;

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
	pde = proc_create("rt_acct", 0, net->proc_net, &rt_acct_proc_fops);
	if (!pde)
		goto err3;
#endif
	return 0;

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
err3:
	remove_proc_entry("rt_cache", net->proc_net_stat);
#endif
err2:
	remove_proc_entry("rt_cache", net->proc_net);
err1:
	return -ENOMEM;
}

static void __net_exit ip_rt_do_proc_exit(struct net *net)
{
	remove_proc_entry("rt_cache", net->proc_net_stat);
	remove_proc_entry("rt_cache", net->proc_net);
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
	remove_proc_entry("rt_acct", net->proc_net);
#endif
}

static struct pernet_operations ip_rt_proc_ops __net_initdata =  {
	.init = ip_rt_do_proc_init,
	.exit = ip_rt_do_proc_exit,
};

static int __init ip_rt_proc_init(void)
{
	return register_pernet_subsys(&ip_rt_proc_ops);
}

#else
static inline int ip_rt_proc_init(void)
{
	return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */

static inline void rt_free(struct rtable *rt)
{
	call_rcu_bh(&rt->u.dst.rcu_head, dst_rcu_free);
}

static inline void rt_drop(struct rtable *rt)
{
	ip_rt_put(rt);
	call_rcu_bh(&rt->u.dst.rcu_head, dst_rcu_free);
}

static inline int rt_fast_clean(struct rtable *rth)
{
	/* Kill broadcast/multicast entries very aggresively, if they
	   collide in hash table with more useful entries */
	return (rth->rt_flags & (RTCF_BROADCAST | RTCF_MULTICAST)) &&
		rth->fl.iif && rth->u.dst.rt_next;
}

static inline int rt_valuable(struct rtable *rth)
{
	return (rth->rt_flags & (RTCF_REDIRECTED | RTCF_NOTIFY)) ||
		rth->u.dst.expires;
}

static int rt_may_expire(struct rtable *rth, unsigned long tmo1, unsigned long tmo2)
{
	unsigned long age;
	int ret = 0;

	if (atomic_read(&rth->u.dst.__refcnt))
		goto out;

	ret = 1;
	if (rth->u.dst.expires &&
	    time_after_eq(jiffies, rth->u.dst.expires))
		goto out;

	age = jiffies - rth->u.dst.lastuse;
	ret = 0;
	if ((age <= tmo1 && !rt_fast_clean(rth)) ||
	    (age <= tmo2 && rt_valuable(rth)))
		goto out;
	ret = 1;
out:	return ret;
}

/* Bits of score are:
 * 31: very valuable
 * 30: not quite useless
 * 29..0: usage counter
 */
static inline u32 rt_score(struct rtable *rt)
{
	u32 score = jiffies - rt->u.dst.lastuse;

	score = ~score & ~(3<<30);

	if (rt_valuable(rt))
		score |= (1<<31);

	if (!rt->fl.iif ||
	    !(rt->rt_flags & (RTCF_BROADCAST|RTCF_MULTICAST|RTCF_LOCAL)))
		score |= (1<<30);

	return score;
}

static inline bool rt_caching(const struct net *net)
{
	return net->ipv4.current_rt_cache_rebuild_count <=
		net->ipv4.sysctl_rt_cache_rebuild_count;
}

static inline bool compare_hash_inputs(const struct flowi *fl1,
					const struct flowi *fl2)
{
	return ((((__force u32)fl1->nl_u.ip4_u.daddr ^ (__force u32)fl2->nl_u.ip4_u.daddr) |
		((__force u32)fl1->nl_u.ip4_u.saddr ^ (__force u32)fl2->nl_u.ip4_u.saddr) |
		(fl1->iif ^ fl2->iif)) == 0);
}

static inline int compare_keys(struct flowi *fl1, struct flowi *fl2)
{
	return (((__force u32)fl1->nl_u.ip4_u.daddr ^ (__force u32)fl2->nl_u.ip4_u.daddr) |
		((__force u32)fl1->nl_u.ip4_u.saddr ^ (__force u32)fl2->nl_u.ip4_u.saddr) |
		(fl1->mark ^ fl2->mark) |
		(*(u16 *)&fl1->nl_u.ip4_u.tos ^ *(u16 *)&fl2->nl_u.ip4_u.tos) |
		(fl1->oif ^ fl2->oif) |
		(fl1->iif ^ fl2->iif)) == 0;
}

static inline int compare_netns(struct rtable *rt1, struct rtable *rt2)
{
	return net_eq(dev_net(rt1->u.dst.dev), dev_net(rt2->u.dst.dev));
}

static inline int rt_is_expired(struct rtable *rth)
{
	return rth->rt_genid != rt_genid(dev_net(rth->u.dst.dev));
}

/*
 * Perform a full scan of hash table and free all entries.
 * Can be called by a softirq or a process.
 * In the later case, we want to be reschedule if necessary
 */
static void rt_do_flush(int process_context)
{
	unsigned int i;
	struct rtable *rth, *next;
	struct rtable * tail;

	for (i = 0; i <= rt_hash_mask; i++) {
		if (process_context && need_resched())
			cond_resched();
		rth = rt_hash_table[i].chain;
		if (!rth)
			continue;

		spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(i));
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_NS
		{
		struct rtable ** prev, * p;

		rth = rt_hash_table[i].chain;

		/* defer releasing the head of the list after spin_unlock */
		for (tail = rth; tail; tail = tail->u.dst.rt_next)
			if (!rt_is_expired(tail))
				break;
		if (rth != tail)
			rt_hash_table[i].chain = tail;

		/* call rt_free on entries after the tail requiring flush */
		prev = &rt_hash_table[i].chain;
		for (p = *prev; p; p = next) {
			next = p->u.dst.rt_next;
			if (!rt_is_expired(p)) {
				prev = &p->u.dst.rt_next;
			} else {
				*prev = next;
				rt_free(p);
			}
		}
		}
#else
		rth = rt_hash_table[i].chain;
		rt_hash_table[i].chain = NULL;
		tail = NULL;
#endif
		spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(i));

		for (; rth != tail; rth = next) {
			next = rth->u.dst.rt_next;
			rt_free(rth);
		}
	}
}

/*
 * While freeing expired entries, we compute average chain length
 * and standard deviation, using fixed-point arithmetic.
 * This to have an estimation of rt_chain_length_max
 *  rt_chain_length_max = max(elasticity, AVG + 4*SD)
 * We use 3 bits for frational part, and 29 (or 61) for magnitude.
 */

#define FRACT_BITS 3
#define ONE (1UL << FRACT_BITS)

/*
 * Given a hash chain and an item in this hash chain,
 * find if a previous entry has the same hash_inputs
 * (but differs on tos, mark or oif)
 * Returns 0 if an alias is found.
 * Returns ONE if rth has no alias before itself.
 */
static int has_noalias(const struct rtable *head, const struct rtable *rth)
{
	const struct rtable *aux = head;

	while (aux != rth) {
		if (compare_hash_inputs(&aux->fl, &rth->fl))
			return 0;
		aux = aux->u.dst.rt_next;
	}
	return ONE;
}

static void rt_check_expire(void)
{
	static unsigned int rover;
	unsigned int i = rover, goal;
	struct rtable *rth, **rthp;
	unsigned long samples = 0;
	unsigned long sum = 0, sum2 = 0;
	unsigned long delta;
	u64 mult;

	delta = jiffies - expires_ljiffies;
	expires_ljiffies = jiffies;
	mult = ((u64)delta) << rt_hash_log;
	if (ip_rt_gc_timeout > 1)
		do_div(mult, ip_rt_gc_timeout);
	goal = (unsigned int)mult;
	if (goal > rt_hash_mask)
		goal = rt_hash_mask + 1;
	for (; goal > 0; goal--) {
		unsigned long tmo = ip_rt_gc_timeout;
		unsigned long length;

		i = (i + 1) & rt_hash_mask;
		rthp = &rt_hash_table[i].chain;

		if (need_resched())
			cond_resched();

		samples++;

		if (*rthp == NULL)
			continue;
		length = 0;
		spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(i));
		while ((rth = *rthp) != NULL) {
			prefetch(rth->u.dst.rt_next);
			if (rt_is_expired(rth)) {
				*rthp = rth->u.dst.rt_next;
				rt_free(rth);
				continue;
			}
			if (rth->u.dst.expires) {
				/* Entry is expired even if it is in use */
				if (time_before_eq(jiffies, rth->u.dst.expires)) {
nofree:
					tmo >>= 1;
					rthp = &rth->u.dst.rt_next;
					/*
					 * We only count entries on
					 * a chain with equal hash inputs once
					 * so that entries for different QOS
					 * levels, and other non-hash input
					 * attributes don't unfairly skew
					 * the length computation
					 */
					length += has_noalias(rt_hash_table[i].chain, rth);
					continue;
				}
			} else if (!rt_may_expire(rth, tmo, ip_rt_gc_timeout))
				goto nofree;

			/* Cleanup aged off entries. */
			*rthp = rth->u.dst.rt_next;
			rt_free(rth);
		}
		spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(i));
		sum += length;
		sum2 += length*length;
	}
	if (samples) {
		unsigned long avg = sum / samples;
		unsigned long sd = int_sqrt(sum2 / samples - avg*avg);
		rt_chain_length_max = max_t(unsigned long,
					ip_rt_gc_elasticity,
					(avg + 4*sd) >> FRACT_BITS);
	}
	rover = i;
}

/*
 * rt_worker_func() is run in process context.
 * we call rt_check_expire() to scan part of the hash table
 */
static void rt_worker_func(struct work_struct *work)
{
	rt_check_expire();
	schedule_delayed_work(&expires_work, ip_rt_gc_interval);
}

/*
 * Pertubation of rt_genid by a small quantity [1..256]
 * Using 8 bits of shuffling ensure we can call rt_cache_invalidate()
 * many times (2^24) without giving recent rt_genid.
 * Jenkins hash is strong enough that litle changes of rt_genid are OK.
 */
static void rt_cache_invalidate(struct net *net)
{
	unsigned char shuffle;

	get_random_bytes(&shuffle, sizeof(shuffle));
	atomic_add(shuffle + 1U, &net->ipv4.rt_genid);
}

/*
 * delay < 0  : invalidate cache (fast : entries will be deleted later)
 * delay >= 0 : invalidate & flush cache (can be long)
 */
void rt_cache_flush(struct net *net, int delay)
{
	rt_cache_invalidate(net);
	if (delay >= 0)
		rt_do_flush(!in_softirq());
}

/* Flush previous cache invalidated entries from the cache */
void rt_cache_flush_batch(void)
{
	rt_do_flush(!in_softirq());
}

static void rt_emergency_hash_rebuild(struct net *net)
{
	if (net_ratelimit())
		printk(KERN_WARNING "Route hash chain too long!\n");
	rt_cache_invalidate(net);
}

/*
   Short description of GC goals.

   We want to build algorithm, which will keep routing cache
   at some equilibrium point, when number of aged off entries
   is kept approximately equal to newly generated ones.

   Current expiration strength is variable "expire".
   We try to adjust it dynamically, so that if networking
   is idle expires is large enough to keep enough of warm entries,
   and when load increases it reduces to limit cache size.
 */

static int rt_garbage_collect(struct dst_ops *ops)
{
	static unsigned long expire = RT_GC_TIMEOUT;
	static unsigned long last_gc;
	static int rover;
	static int equilibrium;
	struct rtable *rth, **rthp;
	unsigned long now = jiffies;
	int goal;

	/*
	 * Garbage collection is pretty expensive,
	 * do not make it too frequently.
	 */

	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(gc_total);

	if (now - last_gc < ip_rt_gc_min_interval &&
	    atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries) < ip_rt_max_size) {
		RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(gc_ignored);
		goto out;
	}

	/* Calculate number of entries, which we want to expire now. */
	goal = atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries) -
		(ip_rt_gc_elasticity << rt_hash_log);
	if (goal <= 0) {
		if (equilibrium < ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh)
			equilibrium = ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh;
		goal = atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries) - equilibrium;
		if (goal > 0) {
			equilibrium += min_t(unsigned int, goal >> 1, rt_hash_mask + 1);
			goal = atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries) - equilibrium;
		}
	} else {
		/* We are in dangerous area. Try to reduce cache really
		 * aggressively.
		 */
		goal = max_t(unsigned int, goal >> 1, rt_hash_mask + 1);
		equilibrium = atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries) - goal;
	}

	if (now - last_gc >= ip_rt_gc_min_interval)
		last_gc = now;

	if (goal <= 0) {
		equilibrium += goal;
		goto work_done;
	}

	do {
		int i, k;

		for (i = rt_hash_mask, k = rover; i >= 0; i--) {
			unsigned long tmo = expire;

			k = (k + 1) & rt_hash_mask;
			rthp = &rt_hash_table[k].chain;
			spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(k));
			while ((rth = *rthp) != NULL) {
				if (!rt_is_expired(rth) &&
					!rt_may_expire(rth, tmo, expire)) {
					tmo >>= 1;
					rthp = &rth->u.dst.rt_next;
					continue;
				}
				*rthp = rth->u.dst.rt_next;
				rt_free(rth);
				goal--;
			}
			spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(k));
			if (goal <= 0)
				break;
		}
		rover = k;

		if (goal <= 0)
			goto work_done;

		/* Goal is not achieved. We stop process if:

		   - if expire reduced to zero. Otherwise, expire is halfed.
		   - if table is not full.
		   - if we are called from interrupt.
		   - jiffies check is just fallback/debug loop breaker.
		     We will not spin here for long time in any case.
		 */

		RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(gc_goal_miss);

		if (expire == 0)
			break;

		expire >>= 1;
#if RT_CACHE_DEBUG >= 2
		printk(KERN_DEBUG "expire>> %u %d %d %d\n", expire,
				atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries), goal, i);
#endif

		if (atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries) < ip_rt_max_size)
			goto out;
	} while (!in_softirq() && time_before_eq(jiffies, now));

	if (atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries) < ip_rt_max_size)
		goto out;
	if (net_ratelimit())
		printk(KERN_WARNING "dst cache overflow\n");
	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(gc_dst_overflow);
	return 1;

work_done:
	expire += ip_rt_gc_min_interval;
	if (expire > ip_rt_gc_timeout ||
	    atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries) < ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh)
		expire = ip_rt_gc_timeout;
#if RT_CACHE_DEBUG >= 2
	printk(KERN_DEBUG "expire++ %u %d %d %d\n", expire,
			atomic_read(&ipv4_dst_ops.entries), goal, rover);
#endif
out:	return 0;
}

/*
 * Returns number of entries in a hash chain that have different hash_inputs
 */
static int slow_chain_length(const struct rtable *head)
{
	int length = 0;
	const struct rtable *rth = head;

	while (rth) {
		length += has_noalias(head, rth);
		rth = rth->u.dst.rt_next;
	}
	return length >> FRACT_BITS;
}

static int rt_intern_hash(unsigned hash, struct rtable *rt,
			  struct rtable **rp, struct sk_buff *skb, int ifindex)
{
	struct rtable	*rth, **rthp;
	unsigned long	now;
	struct rtable *cand, **candp;
	u32 		min_score;
	int		chain_length;
	int attempts = !in_softirq();

restart:
	chain_length = 0;
	min_score = ~(u32)0;
	cand = NULL;
	candp = NULL;
	now = jiffies;

	if (!rt_caching(dev_net(rt->u.dst.dev))) {
		/*
		 * If we're not caching, just tell the caller we
		 * were successful and don't touch the route.  The
		 * caller hold the sole reference to the cache entry, and
		 * it will be released when the caller is done with it.
		 * If we drop it here, the callers have no way to resolve routes
		 * when we're not caching.  Instead, just point *rp at rt, so
		 * the caller gets a single use out of the route
		 * Note that we do rt_free on this new route entry, so that
		 * once its refcount hits zero, we are still able to reap it
		 * (Thanks Alexey)
		 * Note also the rt_free uses call_rcu.  We don't actually
		 * need rcu protection here, this is just our path to get
		 * on the route gc list.
		 */

		if (rt->rt_type == RTN_UNICAST || rt->fl.iif == 0) {
			int err = arp_bind_neighbour(&rt->u.dst);
			if (err) {
				if (net_ratelimit())
					printk(KERN_WARNING
					    "Neighbour table failure & not caching routes.\n");
				rt_drop(rt);
				return err;
			}
		}

		rt_free(rt);
		goto skip_hashing;
	}

	rthp = &rt_hash_table[hash].chain;

	spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));
	while ((rth = *rthp) != NULL) {
		if (rt_is_expired(rth)) {
			*rthp = rth->u.dst.rt_next;
			rt_free(rth);
			continue;
		}
		if (compare_keys(&rth->fl, &rt->fl) && compare_netns(rth, rt)) {
			/* Put it first */
			*rthp = rth->u.dst.rt_next;
			/*
			 * Since lookup is lockfree, the deletion
			 * must be visible to another weakly ordered CPU before
			 * the insertion at the start of the hash chain.
			 */
			rcu_assign_pointer(rth->u.dst.rt_next,
					   rt_hash_table[hash].chain);
			/*
			 * Since lookup is lockfree, the update writes
			 * must be ordered for consistency on SMP.
			 */
			rcu_assign_pointer(rt_hash_table[hash].chain, rth);

			dst_use(&rth->u.dst, now);
			spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));

			rt_drop(rt);
			if (rp)
				*rp = rth;
			else
				skb_dst_set(skb, &rth->u.dst);
			return 0;
		}

		if (!atomic_read(&rth->u.dst.__refcnt)) {
			u32 score = rt_score(rth);

			if (score <= min_score) {
				cand = rth;
				candp = rthp;
				min_score = score;
			}
		}

		chain_length++;

		rthp = &rth->u.dst.rt_next;
	}

	if (cand) {
		/* ip_rt_gc_elasticity used to be average length of chain
		 * length, when exceeded gc becomes really aggressive.
		 *
		 * The second limit is less certain. At the moment it allows
		 * only 2 entries per bucket. We will see.
		 */
		if (chain_length > ip_rt_gc_elasticity) {
			*candp = cand->u.dst.rt_next;
			rt_free(cand);
		}
	} else {
		if (chain_length > rt_chain_length_max &&
		    slow_chain_length(rt_hash_table[hash].chain) > rt_chain_length_max) {
			struct net *net = dev_net(rt->u.dst.dev);
			int num = ++net->ipv4.current_rt_cache_rebuild_count;
			if (!rt_caching(net)) {
				printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: %d rebuilds is over limit, route caching disabled\n",
					rt->u.dst.dev->name, num);
			}
			rt_emergency_hash_rebuild(net);
			spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));

			hash = rt_hash(rt->fl.fl4_dst, rt->fl.fl4_src,
					ifindex, rt_genid(net));
			goto restart;
		}
	}

	/* Try to bind route to arp only if it is output
	   route or unicast forwarding path.
	 */
	if (rt->rt_type == RTN_UNICAST || rt->fl.iif == 0) {
		int err = arp_bind_neighbour(&rt->u.dst);
		if (err) {
			spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));

			if (err != -ENOBUFS) {
				rt_drop(rt);
				return err;
			}

			/* Neighbour tables are full and nothing
			   can be released. Try to shrink route cache,
			   it is most likely it holds some neighbour records.
			 */
			if (attempts-- > 0) {
				int saved_elasticity = ip_rt_gc_elasticity;
				int saved_int = ip_rt_gc_min_interval;
				ip_rt_gc_elasticity	= 1;
				ip_rt_gc_min_interval	= 0;
				rt_garbage_collect(&ipv4_dst_ops);
				ip_rt_gc_min_interval	= saved_int;
				ip_rt_gc_elasticity	= saved_elasticity;
				goto restart;
			}

			if (net_ratelimit())
				printk(KERN_WARNING "Neighbour table overflow.\n");
			rt_drop(rt);
			return -ENOBUFS;
		}
	}

	rt->u.dst.rt_next = rt_hash_table[hash].chain;

#if RT_CACHE_DEBUG >= 2
	if (rt->u.dst.rt_next) {
		struct rtable *trt;
		printk(KERN_DEBUG "rt_cache @%02x: %pI4",
		       hash, &rt->rt_dst);
		for (trt = rt->u.dst.rt_next; trt; trt = trt->u.dst.rt_next)
			printk(" . %pI4", &trt->rt_dst);
		printk("\n");
	}
#endif
	/*
	 * Since lookup is lockfree, we must make sure
	 * previous writes to rt are comitted to memory
	 * before making rt visible to other CPUS.
	 */
	rcu_assign_pointer(rt_hash_table[hash].chain, rt);

	spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));

skip_hashing:
	if (rp)
		*rp = rt;
	else
		skb_dst_set(skb, &rt->u.dst);
	return 0;
}

void rt_bind_peer(struct rtable *rt, int create)
{
	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rt_peer_lock);
	struct inet_peer *peer;

	peer = inet_getpeer(rt->rt_dst, create);

	spin_lock_bh(&rt_peer_lock);
	if (rt->peer == NULL) {
		rt->peer = peer;
		peer = NULL;
	}
	spin_unlock_bh(&rt_peer_lock);
	if (peer)
		inet_putpeer(peer);
}

/*
 * Peer allocation may fail only in serious out-of-memory conditions.  However
 * we still can generate some output.
 * Random ID selection looks a bit dangerous because we have no chances to
 * select ID being unique in a reasonable period of time.
 * But broken packet identifier may be better than no packet at all.
 */
static void ip_select_fb_ident(struct iphdr *iph)
{
	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ip_fb_id_lock);
	static u32 ip_fallback_id;
	u32 salt;

	spin_lock_bh(&ip_fb_id_lock);
	salt = secure_ip_id((__force __be32)ip_fallback_id ^ iph->daddr);
	iph->id = htons(salt & 0xFFFF);
	ip_fallback_id = salt;
	spin_unlock_bh(&ip_fb_id_lock);
}

void __ip_select_ident(struct iphdr *iph, struct dst_entry *dst, int more)
{
	struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *) dst;

	if (rt) {
		if (rt->peer == NULL)
			rt_bind_peer(rt, 1);

		/* If peer is attached to destination, it is never detached,
		   so that we need not to grab a lock to dereference it.
		 */
		if (rt->peer) {
			iph->id = htons(inet_getid(rt->peer, more));
			return;
		}
	} else
		printk(KERN_DEBUG "rt_bind_peer(0) @%p\n",
		       __builtin_return_address(0));

	ip_select_fb_ident(iph);
}

static void rt_del(unsigned hash, struct rtable *rt)
{
	struct rtable **rthp, *aux;

	rthp = &rt_hash_table[hash].chain;
	spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));
	ip_rt_put(rt);
	while ((aux = *rthp) != NULL) {
		if (aux == rt || rt_is_expired(aux)) {
			*rthp = aux->u.dst.rt_next;
			rt_free(aux);
			continue;
		}
		rthp = &aux->u.dst.rt_next;
	}
	spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));
}

void ip_rt_redirect(__be32 old_gw, __be32 daddr, __be32 new_gw,
		    __be32 saddr, struct net_device *dev)
{
	int i, k;
	struct in_device *in_dev = in_dev_get(dev);
	struct rtable *rth, **rthp;
	__be32  skeys[2] = { saddr, 0 };
	int  ikeys[2] = { dev->ifindex, 0 };
	struct netevent_redirect netevent;
	struct net *net;

	if (!in_dev)
		return;

	net = dev_net(dev);
	if (new_gw == old_gw || !IN_DEV_RX_REDIRECTS(in_dev) ||
	    ipv4_is_multicast(new_gw) || ipv4_is_lbcast(new_gw) ||
	    ipv4_is_zeronet(new_gw))
		goto reject_redirect;

	if (!rt_caching(net))
		goto reject_redirect;

	if (!IN_DEV_SHARED_MEDIA(in_dev)) {
		if (!inet_addr_onlink(in_dev, new_gw, old_gw))
			goto reject_redirect;
		if (IN_DEV_SEC_REDIRECTS(in_dev) && ip_fib_check_default(new_gw, dev))
			goto reject_redirect;
	} else {
		if (inet_addr_type(net, new_gw) != RTN_UNICAST)
			goto reject_redirect;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
		for (k = 0; k < 2; k++) {
			unsigned hash = rt_hash(daddr, skeys[i], ikeys[k],
						rt_genid(net));

			rthp=&rt_hash_table[hash].chain;

			rcu_read_lock();
			while ((rth = rcu_dereference(*rthp)) != NULL) {
				struct rtable *rt;

				if (rth->fl.fl4_dst != daddr ||
				    rth->fl.fl4_src != skeys[i] ||
				    rth->fl.oif != ikeys[k] ||
				    rth->fl.iif != 0 ||
				    rt_is_expired(rth) ||
				    !net_eq(dev_net(rth->u.dst.dev), net)) {
					rthp = &rth->u.dst.rt_next;
					continue;
				}

				if (rth->rt_dst != daddr ||
				    rth->rt_src != saddr ||
				    rth->u.dst.error ||
				    rth->rt_gateway != old_gw ||
				    rth->u.dst.dev != dev)
					break;

				dst_hold(&rth->u.dst);
				rcu_read_unlock();

				rt = dst_alloc(&ipv4_dst_ops);
				if (rt == NULL) {
					ip_rt_put(rth);
					in_dev_put(in_dev);
					return;
				}

				/* Copy all the information. */
				*rt = *rth;
				rt->u.dst.__use		= 1;
				atomic_set(&rt->u.dst.__refcnt, 1);
				rt->u.dst.child		= NULL;
				if (rt->u.dst.dev)
					dev_hold(rt->u.dst.dev);
				if (rt->idev)
					in_dev_hold(rt->idev);
				rt->u.dst.obsolete	= -1;
				rt->u.dst.lastuse	= jiffies;
				rt->u.dst.path		= &rt->u.dst;
				rt->u.dst.neighbour	= NULL;
				rt->u.dst.hh		= NULL;
#ifdef CONFIG_XFRM
				rt->u.dst.xfrm		= NULL;
#endif
				rt->rt_genid		= rt_genid(net);
				rt->rt_flags		|= RTCF_REDIRECTED;

				/* Gateway is different ... */
				rt->rt_gateway		= new_gw;

				/* Redirect received -> path was valid */
				dst_confirm(&rth->u.dst);

				if (rt->peer)
					atomic_inc(&rt->peer->refcnt);

				if (arp_bind_neighbour(&rt->u.dst) ||
				    !(rt->u.dst.neighbour->nud_state &
					    NUD_VALID)) {
					if (rt->u.dst.neighbour)
						neigh_event_send(rt->u.dst.neighbour, NULL);
					ip_rt_put(rth);
					rt_drop(rt);
					goto do_next;
				}

				netevent.old = &rth->u.dst;
				netevent.new = &rt->u.dst;
				call_netevent_notifiers(NETEVENT_REDIRECT,
							&netevent);

				rt_del(hash, rth);
				if (!rt_intern_hash(hash, rt, &rt, NULL, rt->fl.oif))
					ip_rt_put(rt);
				goto do_next;
			}
			rcu_read_unlock();
		do_next:
			;
		}
	}
	in_dev_put(in_dev);
	return;

reject_redirect:
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
	if (IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev) && net_ratelimit())
		printk(KERN_INFO "Redirect from %pI4 on %s about %pI4 ignored.\n"
			"  Advised path = %pI4 -> %pI4\n",
		       &old_gw, dev->name, &new_gw,
		       &saddr, &daddr);
#endif
	in_dev_put(in_dev);
}

static struct dst_entry *ipv4_negative_advice(struct dst_entry *dst)
{
	struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *)dst;
	struct dst_entry *ret = dst;

	if (rt) {
		if (dst->obsolete > 0) {
			ip_rt_put(rt);
			ret = NULL;
		} else if ((rt->rt_flags & RTCF_REDIRECTED) ||
			   (rt->u.dst.expires &&
			    time_after_eq(jiffies, rt->u.dst.expires))) {
			unsigned hash = rt_hash(rt->fl.fl4_dst, rt->fl.fl4_src,
						rt->fl.oif,
						rt_genid(dev_net(dst->dev)));
#if RT_CACHE_DEBUG >= 1
			printk(KERN_DEBUG "ipv4_negative_advice: redirect to %pI4/%02x dropped\n",
				&rt->rt_dst, rt->fl.fl4_tos);
#endif
			rt_del(hash, rt);
			ret = NULL;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Algorithm:
 *	1. The first ip_rt_redirect_number redirects are sent
 *	   with exponential backoff, then we stop sending them at all,
 *	   assuming that the host ignores our redirects.
 *	2. If we did not see packets requiring redirects
 *	   during ip_rt_redirect_silence, we assume that the host
 *	   forgot redirected route and start to send redirects again.
 *
 * This algorithm is much cheaper and more intelligent than dumb load limiting
 * in icmp.c.
 *
 * NOTE. Do not forget to inhibit load limiting for redirects (redundant)
 * and "frag. need" (breaks PMTU discovery) in icmp.c.
 */

void ip_rt_send_redirect(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	struct rtable *rt = skb_rtable(skb);
	struct in_device *in_dev;
	int log_martians;

	rcu_read_lock();
	in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(rt->u.dst.dev);
	if (!in_dev || !IN_DEV_TX_REDIRECTS(in_dev)) {
		rcu_read_unlock();
		return;
	}
	log_martians = IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev);
	rcu_read_unlock();

	/* No redirected packets during ip_rt_redirect_silence;
	 * reset the algorithm.
	 */
	if (time_after(jiffies, rt->u.dst.rate_last + ip_rt_redirect_silence))
		rt->u.dst.rate_tokens = 0;

	/* Too many ignored redirects; do not send anything
	 * set u.dst.rate_last to the last seen redirected packet.
	 */
	if (rt->u.dst.rate_tokens >= ip_rt_redirect_number) {
		rt->u.dst.rate_last = jiffies;
		return;
	}

	/* Check for load limit; set rate_last to the latest sent
	 * redirect.
	 */
	if (rt->u.dst.rate_tokens == 0 ||
	    time_after(jiffies,
		       (rt->u.dst.rate_last +
			(ip_rt_redirect_load << rt->u.dst.rate_tokens)))) {
		icmp_send(skb, ICMP_REDIRECT, ICMP_REDIR_HOST, rt->rt_gateway);
		rt->u.dst.rate_last = jiffies;
		++rt->u.dst.rate_tokens;
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
		if (log_martians &&
		    rt->u.dst.rate_tokens == ip_rt_redirect_number &&
		    net_ratelimit())
			printk(KERN_WARNING "host %pI4/if%d ignores redirects for %pI4 to %pI4.\n",
				&rt->rt_src, rt->rt_iif,
				&rt->rt_dst, &rt->rt_gateway);
#endif
	}
}

static int ip_error(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	struct rtable *rt = skb_rtable(skb);
	unsigned long now;
	int code;

	switch (rt->u.dst.error) {
		case EINVAL:
		default:
			goto out;
		case EHOSTUNREACH:
			code = ICMP_HOST_UNREACH;
			break;
		case ENETUNREACH:
			code = ICMP_NET_UNREACH;
			IP_INC_STATS_BH(dev_net(rt->u.dst.dev),
					IPSTATS_MIB_INNOROUTES);
			break;
		case EACCES:
			code = ICMP_PKT_FILTERED;
			break;
	}

	now = jiffies;
	rt->u.dst.rate_tokens += now - rt->u.dst.rate_last;
	if (rt->u.dst.rate_tokens > ip_rt_error_burst)
		rt->u.dst.rate_tokens = ip_rt_error_burst;
	rt->u.dst.rate_last = now;
	if (rt->u.dst.rate_tokens >= ip_rt_error_cost) {
		rt->u.dst.rate_tokens -= ip_rt_error_cost;
		icmp_send(skb, ICMP_DEST_UNREACH, code, 0);
	}

out:	kfree_skb(skb);
	return 0;
}

/*
 *	The last two values are not from the RFC but
 *	are needed for AMPRnet AX.25 paths.
 */

static const unsigned short mtu_plateau[] =
{32000, 17914, 8166, 4352, 2002, 1492, 576, 296, 216, 128 };

static inline unsigned short guess_mtu(unsigned short old_mtu)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mtu_plateau); i++)
		if (old_mtu > mtu_plateau[i])
			return mtu_plateau[i];
	return 68;
}

/*
 * 当接收到一个ICMP的FRAGMENTATION NEEDED消息时，所有相关
 * 路由项的PMTU必须被更新为ICMP首部中指定的MTU，ICMP
 * 模块调用ip_rt_frag_needed()来更新路由缓存项。
 * 参数说明如下:
 * @iph:原始IP数据包首部
 * @new_mtu:差错报文中下一跳的PMTU
 * 返回值，更新到路由缓存项度量值中的PMTU。
 */
unsigned short ip_rt_frag_needed(struct net *net, struct iphdr *iph,
				 unsigned short new_mtu,
				 struct net_device *dev)
{
	int i, k;
	unsigned short old_mtu = ntohs(iph->tot_len);
	struct rtable *rth;
	int  ikeys[2] = { dev->ifindex, 0 };
	__be32  skeys[2] = { iph->saddr, 0, };
	__be32  daddr = iph->daddr;
	unsigned short est_mtu = 0;

	for (k = 0; k < 2; k++) {
		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
			unsigned hash = rt_hash(daddr, skeys[i], ikeys[k],
						rt_genid(net));

			rcu_read_lock();
			for (rth = rcu_dereference(rt_hash_table[hash].chain); rth;
			     rth = rcu_dereference(rth->u.dst.rt_next)) {
				unsigned short mtu = new_mtu;

				if (rth->fl.fl4_dst != daddr ||
				    rth->fl.fl4_src != skeys[i] ||
				    rth->rt_dst != daddr ||
				    rth->rt_src != iph->saddr ||
				    rth->fl.oif != ikeys[k] ||
				    rth->fl.iif != 0 ||
				    dst_metric_locked(&rth->u.dst, RTAX_MTU) ||
				    !net_eq(dev_net(rth->u.dst.dev), net) ||
				    rt_is_expired(rth))
					continue;

				if (new_mtu < 68 || new_mtu >= old_mtu) {

					/* BSD 4.2 compatibility hack :-( */
					if (mtu == 0 &&
					    old_mtu >= dst_mtu(&rth->u.dst) &&
					    old_mtu >= 68 + (iph->ihl << 2))
						old_mtu -= iph->ihl << 2;

					mtu = guess_mtu(old_mtu);
				}
				if (mtu <= dst_mtu(&rth->u.dst)) {
					if (mtu < dst_mtu(&rth->u.dst)) {
						dst_confirm(&rth->u.dst);
						if (mtu < ip_rt_min_pmtu) {
							mtu = ip_rt_min_pmtu;
							rth->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_LOCK-1] |=
								(1 << RTAX_MTU);
						}
						rth->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_MTU-1] = mtu;
						dst_set_expires(&rth->u.dst,
							ip_rt_mtu_expires);
					}
					est_mtu = mtu;
				}
			}
			rcu_read_unlock();
		}
	}
	return est_mtu ? : new_mtu;
}

static void ip_rt_update_pmtu(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 mtu)
{
	if (dst_mtu(dst) > mtu && mtu >= 68 &&
	    !(dst_metric_locked(dst, RTAX_MTU))) {
		if (mtu < ip_rt_min_pmtu) {
			mtu = ip_rt_min_pmtu;
			dst->metrics[RTAX_LOCK-1] |= (1 << RTAX_MTU);
		}
		dst->metrics[RTAX_MTU-1] = mtu;
		dst_set_expires(dst, ip_rt_mtu_expires);
		call_netevent_notifiers(NETEVENT_PMTU_UPDATE, dst);
	}
}

static struct dst_entry *ipv4_dst_check(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 cookie)
{
	if (rt_is_expired((struct rtable *)dst))
		return NULL;
	return dst;
}

static void ipv4_dst_destroy(struct dst_entry *dst)
{
	struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *) dst;
	struct inet_peer *peer = rt->peer;
	struct in_device *idev = rt->idev;

	if (peer) {
		rt->peer = NULL;
		inet_putpeer(peer);
	}

	if (idev) {
		rt->idev = NULL;
		in_dev_put(idev);
	}
}

static void ipv4_dst_ifdown(struct dst_entry *dst, struct net_device *dev,
			    int how)
{
	struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *) dst;
	struct in_device *idev = rt->idev;
	if (dev != dev_net(dev)->loopback_dev && idev && idev->dev == dev) {
		struct in_device *loopback_idev =
			in_dev_get(dev_net(dev)->loopback_dev);
		if (loopback_idev) {
			rt->idev = loopback_idev;
			in_dev_put(idev);
		}
	}
}

static void ipv4_link_failure(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	struct rtable *rt;

	icmp_send(skb, ICMP_DEST_UNREACH, ICMP_HOST_UNREACH, 0);

	rt = skb_rtable(skb);
	if (rt)
		dst_set_expires(&rt->u.dst, 0);
}

static int ip_rt_bug(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	printk(KERN_DEBUG "ip_rt_bug: %pI4 -> %pI4, %s\n",
		&ip_hdr(skb)->saddr, &ip_hdr(skb)->daddr,
		skb->dev ? skb->dev->name : "?");
	kfree_skb(skb);
	return 0;
}

/*
   We do not cache source address of outgoing interface,
   because it is used only by IP RR, TS and SRR options,
   so that it out of fast path.

   BTW remember: "addr" is allowed to be not aligned
   in IP options!
 */

void ip_rt_get_source(u8 *addr, struct rtable *rt)
{
	__be32 src;
	struct fib_result res;

	if (rt->fl.iif == 0)
		src = rt->rt_src;
	else if (fib_lookup(dev_net(rt->u.dst.dev), &rt->fl, &res) == 0) {
		src = FIB_RES_PREFSRC(res);
		fib_res_put(&res);
	} else
		src = inet_select_addr(rt->u.dst.dev, rt->rt_gateway,
					RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE);
	memcpy(addr, &src, 4);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
static void set_class_tag(struct rtable *rt, u32 tag)
{
	if (!(rt->u.dst.tclassid & 0xFFFF))
		rt->u.dst.tclassid |= tag & 0xFFFF;
	if (!(rt->u.dst.tclassid & 0xFFFF0000))
		rt->u.dst.tclassid |= tag & 0xFFFF0000;
}
#endif

static void rt_set_nexthop(struct rtable *rt, struct fib_result *res, u32 itag)
{
	struct fib_info *fi = res->fi;

	if (fi) {
		if (FIB_RES_GW(*res) &&
		    FIB_RES_NH(*res).nh_scope == RT_SCOPE_LINK)
			rt->rt_gateway = FIB_RES_GW(*res);
		memcpy(rt->u.dst.metrics, fi->fib_metrics,
		       sizeof(rt->u.dst.metrics));
		if (fi->fib_mtu == 0) {
			rt->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_MTU-1] = rt->u.dst.dev->mtu;
			if (dst_metric_locked(&rt->u.dst, RTAX_MTU) &&
			    rt->rt_gateway != rt->rt_dst &&
			    rt->u.dst.dev->mtu > 576)
				rt->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_MTU-1] = 576;
		}
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
		rt->u.dst.tclassid = FIB_RES_NH(*res).nh_tclassid;
#endif
	} else
		rt->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_MTU-1]= rt->u.dst.dev->mtu;

	if (dst_metric(&rt->u.dst, RTAX_HOPLIMIT) == 0)
		rt->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_HOPLIMIT-1] = sysctl_ip_default_ttl;
	if (dst_mtu(&rt->u.dst) > IP_MAX_MTU)
		rt->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_MTU-1] = IP_MAX_MTU;
	if (dst_metric(&rt->u.dst, RTAX_ADVMSS) == 0)
		rt->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_ADVMSS-1] = max_t(unsigned int, rt->u.dst.dev->mtu - 40,
				       ip_rt_min_advmss);
	if (dst_metric(&rt->u.dst, RTAX_ADVMSS) > 65535 - 40)
		rt->u.dst.metrics[RTAX_ADVMSS-1] = 65535 - 40;

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES
	set_class_tag(rt, fib_rules_tclass(res));
#endif
	set_class_tag(rt, itag);
#endif
	rt->rt_type = res->type;
}

static int ip_route_input_mc(struct sk_buff *skb, __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr,
				u8 tos, struct net_device *dev, int our)
{
	unsigned hash;
	struct rtable *rth;
	__be32 spec_dst;
	struct in_device *in_dev = in_dev_get(dev);
	u32 itag = 0;

	/* Primary sanity checks. */

	if (in_dev == NULL)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (ipv4_is_multicast(saddr) || ipv4_is_lbcast(saddr) ||
	    ipv4_is_loopback(saddr) || skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP))
		goto e_inval;

	if (ipv4_is_zeronet(saddr)) {
		if (!ipv4_is_local_multicast(daddr))
			goto e_inval;
		spec_dst = inet_select_addr(dev, 0, RT_SCOPE_LINK);
	} else if (fib_validate_source(saddr, 0, tos, 0,
					dev, &spec_dst, &itag, 0) < 0)
		goto e_inval;

	rth = dst_alloc(&ipv4_dst_ops);
	if (!rth)
		goto e_nobufs;

	rth->u.dst.output = ip_rt_bug;
	rth->u.dst.obsolete = -1;

	atomic_set(&rth->u.dst.__refcnt, 1);
	rth->u.dst.flags= DST_HOST;
	if (IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOPOLICY))
		rth->u.dst.flags |= DST_NOPOLICY;
	rth->fl.fl4_dst	= daddr;
	rth->rt_dst	= daddr;
	rth->fl.fl4_tos	= tos;
	rth->fl.mark    = skb->mark;
	rth->fl.fl4_src	= saddr;
	rth->rt_src	= saddr;
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
	rth->u.dst.tclassid = itag;
#endif
	rth->rt_iif	=
	rth->fl.iif	= dev->ifindex;
	rth->u.dst.dev	= init_net.loopback_dev;
	dev_hold(rth->u.dst.dev);
	rth->idev	= in_dev_get(rth->u.dst.dev);
	rth->fl.oif	= 0;
	rth->rt_gateway	= daddr;
	rth->rt_spec_dst= spec_dst;
	rth->rt_genid	= rt_genid(dev_net(dev));
	rth->rt_flags	= RTCF_MULTICAST;
	rth->rt_type	= RTN_MULTICAST;
	if (our) {
		rth->u.dst.input= ip_local_deliver;
		rth->rt_flags |= RTCF_LOCAL;
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
	if (!ipv4_is_local_multicast(daddr) && IN_DEV_MFORWARD(in_dev))
		rth->u.dst.input = ip_mr_input;
#endif
	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_slow_mc);

	in_dev_put(in_dev);
	hash = rt_hash(daddr, saddr, dev->ifindex, rt_genid(dev_net(dev)));
	return rt_intern_hash(hash, rth, NULL, skb, dev->ifindex);

e_nobufs:
	in_dev_put(in_dev);
	return -ENOBUFS;

e_inval:
	in_dev_put(in_dev);
	return -EINVAL;
}


static void ip_handle_martian_source(struct net_device *dev,
				     struct in_device *in_dev,
				     struct sk_buff *skb,
				     __be32 daddr,
				     __be32 saddr)
{
	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_martian_src);
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
	if (IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev) && net_ratelimit()) {
		/*
		 *	RFC1812 recommendation, if source is martian,
		 *	the only hint is MAC header.
		 */
		printk(KERN_WARNING "martian source %pI4 from %pI4, on dev %s\n",
			&daddr, &saddr, dev->name);
		if (dev->hard_header_len && skb_mac_header_was_set(skb)) {
			int i;
			const unsigned char *p = skb_mac_header(skb);
			printk(KERN_WARNING "ll header: ");
			for (i = 0; i < dev->hard_header_len; i++, p++) {
				printk("%02x", *p);
				if (i < (dev->hard_header_len - 1))
					printk(":");
			}
			printk("\n");
		}
	}
#endif
}

static int __mkroute_input(struct sk_buff *skb,
			   struct fib_result *res,
			   struct in_device *in_dev,
			   __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr, u32 tos,
			   struct rtable **result)
{

	struct rtable *rth;
	int err;
	struct in_device *out_dev;
	unsigned flags = 0;
	__be32 spec_dst;
	u32 itag;

	/* get a working reference to the output device */
	out_dev = in_dev_get(FIB_RES_DEV(*res));
	if (out_dev == NULL) {
		if (net_ratelimit())
			printk(KERN_CRIT "Bug in ip_route_input" \
			       "_slow(). Please, report\n");
		return -EINVAL;
	}


	err = fib_validate_source(saddr, daddr, tos, FIB_RES_OIF(*res),
				  in_dev->dev, &spec_dst, &itag, skb->mark);
	if (err < 0) {
		ip_handle_martian_source(in_dev->dev, in_dev, skb, daddr,
					 saddr);

		err = -EINVAL;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	if (err)
		flags |= RTCF_DIRECTSRC;

	if (out_dev == in_dev && err &&
	    (IN_DEV_SHARED_MEDIA(out_dev) ||
	     inet_addr_onlink(out_dev, saddr, FIB_RES_GW(*res))))
		flags |= RTCF_DOREDIRECT;

	if (skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP)) {
		/* Not IP (i.e. ARP). Do not create route, if it is
		 * invalid for proxy arp. DNAT routes are always valid.
		 *
		 * Proxy arp feature have been extended to allow, ARP
		 * replies back to the same interface, to support
		 * Private VLAN switch technologies. See arp.c.
		 */
		if (out_dev == in_dev &&
		    IN_DEV_PROXY_ARP_PVLAN(in_dev) == 0) {
			err = -EINVAL;
			goto cleanup;
		}
	}


	rth = dst_alloc(&ipv4_dst_ops);
	if (!rth) {
		err = -ENOBUFS;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	atomic_set(&rth->u.dst.__refcnt, 1);
	rth->u.dst.flags= DST_HOST;
	if (IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOPOLICY))
		rth->u.dst.flags |= DST_NOPOLICY;
	if (IN_DEV_CONF_GET(out_dev, NOXFRM))
		rth->u.dst.flags |= DST_NOXFRM;
	rth->fl.fl4_dst	= daddr;
	rth->rt_dst	= daddr;
	rth->fl.fl4_tos	= tos;
	rth->fl.mark    = skb->mark;
	rth->fl.fl4_src	= saddr;
	rth->rt_src	= saddr;
	rth->rt_gateway	= daddr;
	rth->rt_iif 	=
		rth->fl.iif	= in_dev->dev->ifindex;
	rth->u.dst.dev	= (out_dev)->dev;
	dev_hold(rth->u.dst.dev);
	rth->idev	= in_dev_get(rth->u.dst.dev);
	rth->fl.oif 	= 0;
	rth->rt_spec_dst= spec_dst;

	rth->u.dst.obsolete = -1;
	rth->u.dst.input = ip_forward;
	rth->u.dst.output = ip_output;
	rth->rt_genid = rt_genid(dev_net(rth->u.dst.dev));

	rt_set_nexthop(rth, res, itag);

	rth->rt_flags = flags;

	*result = rth;
	err = 0;
 cleanup:
	/* release the working reference to the output device */
	in_dev_put(out_dev);
	return err;
}

static int ip_mkroute_input(struct sk_buff *skb,
			    struct fib_result *res,
			    const struct flowi *fl,
			    struct in_device *in_dev,
			    __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr, u32 tos)
{
	struct rtable* rth = NULL;
	int err;
	unsigned hash;

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
	if (res->fi && res->fi->fib_nhs > 1 && fl->oif == 0)
		fib_select_multipath(fl, res);
#endif

	/* create a routing cache entry */
	err = __mkroute_input(skb, res, in_dev, daddr, saddr, tos, &rth);
	if (err)
		return err;

	/* put it into the cache */
	hash = rt_hash(daddr, saddr, fl->iif,
		       rt_genid(dev_net(rth->u.dst.dev)));
	return rt_intern_hash(hash, rth, NULL, skb, fl->iif);
}

/*
 *	NOTE. We drop all the packets that has local source
 *	addresses, because every properly looped back packet
 *	must have correct destination already attached by output routine.
 *
 *	Such approach solves two big problems:
 *	1. Not simplex devices are handled properly.
 *	2. IP spoofing attempts are filtered with 100% of guarantee.
 */

static int ip_route_input_slow(struct sk_buff *skb, __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr,
			       u8 tos, struct net_device *dev)
{
	struct fib_result res;
	struct in_device *in_dev = in_dev_get(dev);
	struct flowi fl = { .nl_u = { .ip4_u =
				      { .daddr = daddr,
					.saddr = saddr,
					.tos = tos,
					.scope = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
				      } },
			    .mark = skb->mark,
			    .iif = dev->ifindex };
	unsigned	flags = 0;
	u32		itag = 0;
	struct rtable * rth;
	unsigned	hash;
	__be32		spec_dst;
	int		err = -EINVAL;
	int		free_res = 0;
	struct net    * net = dev_net(dev);

	/* IP on this device is disabled. */

	if (!in_dev)
		goto out;

	/* Check for the most weird martians, which can be not detected
	   by fib_lookup.
	 */

	if (ipv4_is_multicast(saddr) || ipv4_is_lbcast(saddr) ||
	    ipv4_is_loopback(saddr))//多播地址  广播地址   回环地址
		goto martian_source;

	if (daddr == htonl(0xFFFFFFFF) || (saddr == 0 && daddr == 0))
		goto brd_input;

	/* Accept zero addresses only to limited broadcast;
	 * I even do not know to fix it or not. Waiting for complains :-)
	 */
	if (ipv4_is_zeronet(saddr)) //0.X.X.X
		goto martian_source;

	if (ipv4_is_lbcast(daddr) || ipv4_is_zeronet(daddr) ||
	    ipv4_is_loopback(daddr))
		goto martian_destination;

	/*
	 *	Now we are ready to route packet.
	 */
	if ((err = fib_lookup(net, &fl, &res)) != 0) {
		if (!IN_DEV_FORWARD(in_dev))
			goto e_hostunreach;
		goto no_route;
	}
	free_res = 1;

	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_slow_tot);

	if (res.type == RTN_BROADCAST)
		goto brd_input;

	if (res.type == RTN_LOCAL) {//到本地的
		int result;
		result = fib_validate_source(saddr, daddr, tos,
					     net->loopback_dev->ifindex,
					     dev, &spec_dst, &itag, skb->mark);
		if (result < 0)
			goto martian_source;
		if (result)
			flags |= RTCF_DIRECTSRC;
		spec_dst = daddr;
		goto local_input;
	}

    //需要转发的
	if (!IN_DEV_FORWARD(in_dev))
		goto e_hostunreach;
	if (res.type != RTN_UNICAST)
		goto martian_destination;

	err = ip_mkroute_input(skb, &res, &fl, in_dev, daddr, saddr, tos); //ip_forward在该函数中注册
done:
	in_dev_put(in_dev);
	if (free_res)
		fib_res_put(&res);
out:	return err;

brd_input:
	if (skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP))
		goto e_inval;

	if (ipv4_is_zeronet(saddr))
		spec_dst = inet_select_addr(dev, 0, RT_SCOPE_LINK);
	else {
		err = fib_validate_source(saddr, 0, tos, 0, dev, &spec_dst,
					  &itag, skb->mark);
		if (err < 0)
			goto martian_source;
		if (err)
			flags |= RTCF_DIRECTSRC;
	}
	flags |= RTCF_BROADCAST;
	res.type = RTN_BROADCAST;
	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_brd);

local_input:
	rth = dst_alloc(&ipv4_dst_ops);
	if (!rth)
		goto e_nobufs;

	rth->u.dst.output= ip_rt_bug;
	rth->u.dst.obsolete = -1;
	rth->rt_genid = rt_genid(net);

	atomic_set(&rth->u.dst.__refcnt, 1);
	rth->u.dst.flags= DST_HOST;
	if (IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOPOLICY))
		rth->u.dst.flags |= DST_NOPOLICY;
	rth->fl.fl4_dst	= daddr;
	rth->rt_dst	= daddr;
	rth->fl.fl4_tos	= tos;
	rth->fl.mark    = skb->mark;
	rth->fl.fl4_src	= saddr;
	rth->rt_src	= saddr;
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
	rth->u.dst.tclassid = itag;
#endif
	rth->rt_iif	=
	rth->fl.iif	= dev->ifindex;
	rth->u.dst.dev	= net->loopback_dev;
	dev_hold(rth->u.dst.dev);
	rth->idev	= in_dev_get(rth->u.dst.dev);
	rth->rt_gateway	= daddr;
	rth->rt_spec_dst= spec_dst;
	rth->u.dst.input= ip_local_deliver;//到本地local
	rth->rt_flags 	= flags|RTCF_LOCAL;
	if (res.type == RTN_UNREACHABLE) {
		rth->u.dst.input= ip_error;
		rth->u.dst.error= -err;
		rth->rt_flags 	&= ~RTCF_LOCAL;
	}
	rth->rt_type	= res.type;
	hash = rt_hash(daddr, saddr, fl.iif, rt_genid(net));
	err = rt_intern_hash(hash, rth, NULL, skb, fl.iif);
	goto done;

no_route:
	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_no_route);
	spec_dst = inet_select_addr(dev, 0, RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE);
	res.type = RTN_UNREACHABLE;
	if (err == -ESRCH)
		err = -ENETUNREACH;
	goto local_input;

	/*
	 *	Do not cache martian addresses: they should be logged (RFC1812)
	 */
martian_destination:
	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_martian_dst);
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
	if (IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev) && net_ratelimit())
		printk(KERN_WARNING "martian destination %pI4 from %pI4, dev %s\n",
			&daddr, &saddr, dev->name);
#endif

e_hostunreach:
	err = -EHOSTUNREACH;
	goto done;

e_inval:
	err = -EINVAL;
	goto done;

e_nobufs:
	err = -ENOBUFS;
	goto done;

martian_source:
	ip_handle_martian_source(dev, in_dev, skb, daddr, saddr);
	goto e_inval;
}

/*
 * 对于输入的报文通常调用ip_route_input()在路由缓存中查找
 * 路由，当缓存查找没有匹配路由时将调用ip_route_input_slow()
 * 在路由表中查找路由，如果命中则通常还会在路由缓存
 * 中添加一条表项。对于输出报文处理与输入报文处理
 * 类似。
 * 此函数用于输入报文的路由缓存查询。有时报文本身可能
 * 不需要被路由，例如ARP出于某些原因使用ip_route_input()来
 * 查找local路由表，这时的skb应当是一个输入的ARP请求。
 * 参数说明如下:
 * @skb:进行路由查找的报文
 * @saddr和daddr:用于查找的源地址和目的地址
 * @tos:IP首部中的TOS字段
 * @dev:输入该数据包的网络设备。
 */
int ip_route_input_common(struct sk_buff *skb, __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr,
			   u8 tos, struct net_device *dev, bool noref)
{
	struct rtable * rth;
	unsigned	hash;
	int iif = dev->ifindex;
	struct net *net;

	net = dev_net(dev);

	if (!rt_caching(net))
		goto skip_cache;

	tos &= IPTOS_RT_MASK;
	/*
	 * 根据目的地址、源地址和输入网络设备得到
	 * 存储该路由的散列桶。
	 */
	hash = rt_hash(daddr, saddr, iif, rt_genid(net));

    /*
	 * 遍历该桶查找与目的地址、源地址和输入网络
	 * 设备相匹配的路由项，直至查找命中或到链表
	 * 尾部。如果能在缓存中命中路由项，则更新最
	 * 后一次被使用的时间戳、该表项已经被使用的
	 * 次数，以及缓存命中率，然后设置输入SKB的目
	 * 的路由入口后返回。
	 */
	rcu_read_lock();
	for (rth = rcu_dereference(rt_hash_table[hash].chain); rth;
	     rth = rcu_dereference(rth->u.dst.rt_next)) {
		if ((((__force u32)rth->fl.fl4_dst ^ (__force u32)daddr) |
		     ((__force u32)rth->fl.fl4_src ^ (__force u32)saddr) |
		     (rth->fl.iif ^ iif) |
		     rth->fl.oif |
		     (rth->fl.fl4_tos ^ tos)) == 0 &&
		    rth->fl.mark == skb->mark &&
		    net_eq(dev_net(rth->u.dst.dev), net) &&
		    !rt_is_expired(rth)) {
			if (noref) {
				dst_use_noref(&rth->u.dst, jiffies);
				skb_dst_set_noref(skb, &rth->u.dst);
			} else {
				dst_use(&rth->u.dst, jiffies);
				skb_dst_set(skb, &rth->u.dst);
			}
			RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_hit);
			rcu_read_unlock();
			return 0;
		}
		RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_hlist_search);
	}
	rcu_read_unlock();

skip_cache:
	/* Multicast recognition logic is moved from route cache to here.
	   The problem was that too many Ethernet cards have broken/missing
	   hardware multicast filters :-( As result the host on multicasting
	   network acquires a lot of useless route cache entries, sort of
	   SDR messages from all the world. Now we try to get rid of them.
	   Really, provided software IP multicast filter is organized
	   reasonably (at least, hashed), it does not result in a slowdown
	   comparing with route cache reject entries.
	   Note, that multicast routers are not affected, because
	   route cache entry is created eventually.
	 */
	/*
	 * 如果在报文目的地址为多播时缓存查找失败，
	 * 那么以下两个条件只要有一个满足，该报文
	 * 就被送给多播处理函数ip_route_input_mc()，否则不作
	 * 处理，返回错误码:
	 * 1)目的地址时本地配置的多播地址，这是通过ip_check_mc()来检查的
	 * 2)在内核编译时启动了多播路由(CONFIG_IP_MROUTE)的情况下，目的
	 *    地址不是本地配置，且设备支持多播转发。
	 */
	if (ipv4_is_multicast(daddr)) {
		struct in_device *in_dev;

		rcu_read_lock();
		if ((in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(dev)) != NULL) {
			int our = ip_check_mc(in_dev, daddr, saddr,
				ip_hdr(skb)->protocol);
			if (our
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
				||
			    (!ipv4_is_local_multicast(daddr) &&
			     IN_DEV_MFORWARD(in_dev))
#endif
			   ) {
				rcu_read_unlock();
				return ip_route_input_mc(skb, daddr, saddr,
							 tos, dev, our);
			}
		}
		rcu_read_unlock();
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	/*
	 * 如果在目的地址不是多播情况下缓存查找失败，则
	 * 调用ip_route_input_slow()在查找路由表中查找。
	 */
	return ip_route_input_slow(skb, daddr, saddr, tos, dev);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_route_input_common);

static int __mkroute_output(struct rtable **result,
			    struct fib_result *res,
			    const struct flowi *fl,
			    const struct flowi *oldflp,
			    struct net_device *dev_out,
			    unsigned flags)
{
	struct rtable *rth;
	struct in_device *in_dev;
	u32 tos = RT_FL_TOS(oldflp);
	int err = 0;

	if (ipv4_is_loopback(fl->fl4_src) && !(dev_out->flags&IFF_LOOPBACK))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (fl->fl4_dst == htonl(0xFFFFFFFF))
		res->type = RTN_BROADCAST;
	else if (ipv4_is_multicast(fl->fl4_dst))
		res->type = RTN_MULTICAST;
	else if (ipv4_is_lbcast(fl->fl4_dst) || ipv4_is_zeronet(fl->fl4_dst))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (dev_out->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
		flags |= RTCF_LOCAL;

	/* get work reference to inet device */
	in_dev = in_dev_get(dev_out);
	if (!in_dev)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (res->type == RTN_BROADCAST) {
		flags |= RTCF_BROADCAST | RTCF_LOCAL;
		if (res->fi) {
			fib_info_put(res->fi);
			res->fi = NULL;
		}
	} else if (res->type == RTN_MULTICAST) {
		flags |= RTCF_MULTICAST|RTCF_LOCAL;
		if (!ip_check_mc(in_dev, oldflp->fl4_dst, oldflp->fl4_src,
				 oldflp->proto))
			flags &= ~RTCF_LOCAL;
		/* If multicast route do not exist use
		   default one, but do not gateway in this case.
		   Yes, it is hack.
		 */
		if (res->fi && res->prefixlen < 4) {
			fib_info_put(res->fi);
			res->fi = NULL;
		}
	}


	rth = dst_alloc(&ipv4_dst_ops);
	if (!rth) {
		err = -ENOBUFS;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	atomic_set(&rth->u.dst.__refcnt, 1);
	rth->u.dst.flags= DST_HOST;
	if (IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOXFRM))
		rth->u.dst.flags |= DST_NOXFRM;
	if (IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOPOLICY))
		rth->u.dst.flags |= DST_NOPOLICY;

	rth->fl.fl4_dst	= oldflp->fl4_dst;
	rth->fl.fl4_tos	= tos;
	rth->fl.fl4_src	= oldflp->fl4_src;
	rth->fl.oif	= oldflp->oif;
	rth->fl.mark    = oldflp->mark;
	rth->rt_dst	= fl->fl4_dst;
	rth->rt_src	= fl->fl4_src;
	rth->rt_iif	= oldflp->oif ? : dev_out->ifindex;
	/* get references to the devices that are to be hold by the routing
	   cache entry */
	rth->u.dst.dev	= dev_out;
	dev_hold(dev_out);
	rth->idev	= in_dev_get(dev_out);
	rth->rt_gateway = fl->fl4_dst;
	rth->rt_spec_dst= fl->fl4_src;

	rth->u.dst.output=ip_output;
	rth->u.dst.obsolete = -1;
	rth->rt_genid = rt_genid(dev_net(dev_out));

	RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(out_slow_tot);

	if (flags & RTCF_LOCAL) {
		rth->u.dst.input = ip_local_deliver;
		rth->rt_spec_dst = fl->fl4_dst;
	}
	if (flags & (RTCF_BROADCAST | RTCF_MULTICAST)) {
		rth->rt_spec_dst = fl->fl4_src;
		if (flags & RTCF_LOCAL &&
		    !(dev_out->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)) {
			rth->u.dst.output = ip_mc_output;
			RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(out_slow_mc);
		}
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
		if (res->type == RTN_MULTICAST) {
			if (IN_DEV_MFORWARD(in_dev) &&
			    !ipv4_is_local_multicast(oldflp->fl4_dst)) {
				rth->u.dst.input = ip_mr_input;
				rth->u.dst.output = ip_mc_output;
			}
		}
#endif
	}

	rt_set_nexthop(rth, res, 0);

	rth->rt_flags = flags;

	*result = rth;
 cleanup:
	/* release work reference to inet device */
	in_dev_put(in_dev);

	return err;
}

static int ip_mkroute_output(struct rtable **rp,
			     struct fib_result *res,
			     const struct flowi *fl,
			     const struct flowi *oldflp,
			     struct net_device *dev_out,
			     unsigned flags)
{
	struct rtable *rth = NULL;
	int err = __mkroute_output(&rth, res, fl, oldflp, dev_out, flags);
	unsigned hash;
	if (err == 0) {
		hash = rt_hash(oldflp->fl4_dst, oldflp->fl4_src, oldflp->oif,
			       rt_genid(dev_net(dev_out)));
		err = rt_intern_hash(hash, rth, rp, NULL, oldflp->oif);
	}

	return err;
}

/*
 * Major route resolver routine.
 */

static int ip_route_output_slow(struct net *net, struct rtable **rp,
				const struct flowi *oldflp)
{
	u32 tos	= RT_FL_TOS(oldflp);
	struct flowi fl = { .nl_u = { .ip4_u =
				      { .daddr = oldflp->fl4_dst,
					.saddr = oldflp->fl4_src,
					.tos = tos & IPTOS_RT_MASK,
					.scope = ((tos & RTO_ONLINK) ?
						  RT_SCOPE_LINK :
						  RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE),
				      } },
			    .mark = oldflp->mark,
			    .iif = net->loopback_dev->ifindex,
			    .oif = oldflp->oif };
	struct fib_result res;
	unsigned flags = 0;
	struct net_device *dev_out = NULL;
	int free_res = 0;
	int err;


	res.fi		= NULL;
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES
	res.r		= NULL;
#endif

	if (oldflp->fl4_src) {
		err = -EINVAL;
		if (ipv4_is_multicast(oldflp->fl4_src) ||
		    ipv4_is_lbcast(oldflp->fl4_src) ||
		    ipv4_is_zeronet(oldflp->fl4_src))
			goto out;

		/* I removed check for oif == dev_out->oif here.
		   It was wrong for two reasons:
		   1. ip_dev_find(net, saddr) can return wrong iface, if saddr
		      is assigned to multiple interfaces.
		   2. Moreover, we are allowed to send packets with saddr
		      of another iface. --ANK
		 */

		if (oldflp->oif == 0 &&
		    (ipv4_is_multicast(oldflp->fl4_dst) ||
		     oldflp->fl4_dst == htonl(0xFFFFFFFF))) {
			/* It is equivalent to inet_addr_type(saddr) == RTN_LOCAL */
			dev_out = ip_dev_find(net, oldflp->fl4_src);
			if (dev_out == NULL)
				goto out;

			/* Special hack: user can direct multicasts
			   and limited broadcast via necessary interface
			   without fiddling with IP_MULTICAST_IF or IP_PKTINFO.
			   This hack is not just for fun, it allows
			   vic,vat and friends to work.
			   They bind socket to loopback, set ttl to zero
			   and expect that it will work.
			   From the viewpoint of routing cache they are broken,
			   because we are not allowed to build multicast path
			   with loopback source addr (look, routing cache
			   cannot know, that ttl is zero, so that packet
			   will not leave this host and route is valid).
			   Luckily, this hack is good workaround.
			 */

			fl.oif = dev_out->ifindex;
			goto make_route;
		}

		if (!(oldflp->flags & FLOWI_FLAG_ANYSRC)) {
			/* It is equivalent to inet_addr_type(saddr) == RTN_LOCAL */
			dev_out = ip_dev_find(net, oldflp->fl4_src);
			if (dev_out == NULL)
				goto out;
			dev_put(dev_out);
			dev_out = NULL;
		}
	}


	if (oldflp->oif) {
		dev_out = dev_get_by_index(net, oldflp->oif);
		err = -ENODEV;
		if (dev_out == NULL)
			goto out;

		/* RACE: Check return value of inet_select_addr instead. */
		if (__in_dev_get_rtnl(dev_out) == NULL) {
			dev_put(dev_out);
			goto out;	/* Wrong error code */
		}

		if (ipv4_is_local_multicast(oldflp->fl4_dst) ||
		    oldflp->fl4_dst == htonl(0xFFFFFFFF)) {
			if (!fl.fl4_src)
				fl.fl4_src = inet_select_addr(dev_out, 0,
							      RT_SCOPE_LINK);
			goto make_route;
		}
		if (!fl.fl4_src) {
			if (ipv4_is_multicast(oldflp->fl4_dst))
				fl.fl4_src = inet_select_addr(dev_out, 0,
							      fl.fl4_scope);
			else if (!oldflp->fl4_dst)
				fl.fl4_src = inet_select_addr(dev_out, 0,
							      RT_SCOPE_HOST);
		}
	}

	if (!fl.fl4_dst) {
		fl.fl4_dst = fl.fl4_src;
		if (!fl.fl4_dst)
			fl.fl4_dst = fl.fl4_src = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
		if (dev_out)
			dev_put(dev_out);
		dev_out = net->loopback_dev;
		dev_hold(dev_out);
		fl.oif = net->loopback_dev->ifindex;
		res.type = RTN_LOCAL;
		flags |= RTCF_LOCAL;
		goto make_route;
	}

	if (fib_lookup(net, &fl, &res)) {
		res.fi = NULL;
		if (oldflp->oif) {
			/* Apparently, routing tables are wrong. Assume,
			   that the destination is on link.

			   WHY? DW.
			   Because we are allowed to send to iface
			   even if it has NO routes and NO assigned
			   addresses. When oif is specified, routing
			   tables are looked up with only one purpose:
			   to catch if destination is gatewayed, rather than
			   direct. Moreover, if MSG_DONTROUTE is set,
			   we send packet, ignoring both routing tables
			   and ifaddr state. --ANK


			   We could make it even if oif is unknown,
			   likely IPv6, but we do not.
			 */

			if (fl.fl4_src == 0)
				fl.fl4_src = inet_select_addr(dev_out, 0,
							      RT_SCOPE_LINK);
			res.type = RTN_UNICAST;
			goto make_route;
		}
		if (dev_out)
			dev_put(dev_out);
		err = -ENETUNREACH;
		goto out;
	}
	free_res = 1;

	if (res.type == RTN_LOCAL) {
		if (!fl.fl4_src)
			fl.fl4_src = fl.fl4_dst;
		if (dev_out)
			dev_put(dev_out);
		dev_out = net->loopback_dev;
		dev_hold(dev_out);
		fl.oif = dev_out->ifindex;
		if (res.fi)
			fib_info_put(res.fi);
		res.fi = NULL;
		flags |= RTCF_LOCAL;
		goto make_route;
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
	if (res.fi->fib_nhs > 1 && fl.oif == 0)
		fib_select_multipath(&fl, &res);
	else
#endif
	if (!res.prefixlen && res.type == RTN_UNICAST && !fl.oif)
		fib_select_default(net, &fl, &res);

	if (!fl.fl4_src)
		fl.fl4_src = FIB_RES_PREFSRC(res);

	if (dev_out)
		dev_put(dev_out);
	dev_out = FIB_RES_DEV(res);
	dev_hold(dev_out);
	fl.oif = dev_out->ifindex;


make_route:
	err = ip_mkroute_output(rp, &res, &fl, oldflp, dev_out, flags);


	if (free_res)
		fib_res_put(&res);
	if (dev_out)
		dev_put(dev_out);
out:	return err;
}

int __ip_route_output_key(struct net *net, struct rtable **rp,
			  const struct flowi *flp)
{
	unsigned hash;
	struct rtable *rth;

	if (!rt_caching(net))
		goto slow_output;

	hash = rt_hash(flp->fl4_dst, flp->fl4_src, flp->oif, rt_genid(net));

	rcu_read_lock_bh();
	for (rth = rcu_dereference_bh(rt_hash_table[hash].chain); rth;
		rth = rcu_dereference_bh(rth->u.dst.rt_next)) {
		if (rth->fl.fl4_dst == flp->fl4_dst &&
		    rth->fl.fl4_src == flp->fl4_src &&
		    rth->fl.iif == 0 &&
		    rth->fl.oif == flp->oif &&
		    rth->fl.mark == flp->mark &&
		    !((rth->fl.fl4_tos ^ flp->fl4_tos) &
			    (IPTOS_RT_MASK | RTO_ONLINK)) &&
		    net_eq(dev_net(rth->u.dst.dev), net) &&
		    !rt_is_expired(rth)) {
			dst_use(&rth->u.dst, jiffies);
			RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(out_hit);
			rcu_read_unlock_bh();
			*rp = rth;
			return 0;
		}
		RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(out_hlist_search);
	}
	rcu_read_unlock_bh();

slow_output:
	return ip_route_output_slow(net, rp, flp);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__ip_route_output_key);

static struct dst_entry *ipv4_blackhole_dst_check(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 cookie)
{
	return NULL;
}

static void ipv4_rt_blackhole_update_pmtu(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 mtu)
{
}

static struct dst_ops ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops = {
	.family			=	AF_INET,
	.protocol		=	cpu_to_be16(ETH_P_IP),
	.destroy		=	ipv4_dst_destroy,
	.check			=	ipv4_blackhole_dst_check,
	.update_pmtu		=	ipv4_rt_blackhole_update_pmtu,
	.entries		=	ATOMIC_INIT(0),
};


static int ipv4_dst_blackhole(struct net *net, struct rtable **rp, struct flowi *flp)
{
	struct rtable *ort = *rp;
	struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *)
		dst_alloc(&ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops);

	if (rt) {
		struct dst_entry *new = &rt->u.dst;

		atomic_set(&new->__refcnt, 1);
		new->__use = 1;
		new->input = dst_discard;
		new->output = dst_discard;
		memcpy(new->metrics, ort->u.dst.metrics, RTAX_MAX*sizeof(u32));

		new->dev = ort->u.dst.dev;
		if (new->dev)
			dev_hold(new->dev);

		rt->fl = ort->fl;

		rt->idev = ort->idev;
		if (rt->idev)
			in_dev_hold(rt->idev);
		rt->rt_genid = rt_genid(net);
		rt->rt_flags = ort->rt_flags;
		rt->rt_type = ort->rt_type;
		rt->rt_dst = ort->rt_dst;
		rt->rt_src = ort->rt_src;
		rt->rt_iif = ort->rt_iif;
		rt->rt_gateway = ort->rt_gateway;
		rt->rt_spec_dst = ort->rt_spec_dst;
		rt->peer = ort->peer;
		if (rt->peer)
			atomic_inc(&rt->peer->refcnt);

		dst_free(new);
	}

	dst_release(&(*rp)->u.dst);
	*rp = rt;
	return (rt ? 0 : -ENOMEM);
}

int ip_route_output_flow(struct net *net, struct rtable **rp, struct flowi *flp,
			 struct sock *sk, int flags)
{
	int err;

	if ((err = __ip_route_output_key(net, rp, flp)) != 0)
		return err;

	if (flp->proto) {
		if (!flp->fl4_src)
			flp->fl4_src = (*rp)->rt_src;
		if (!flp->fl4_dst)
			flp->fl4_dst = (*rp)->rt_dst;
		err = __xfrm_lookup(net, (struct dst_entry **)rp, flp, sk,
				    flags ? XFRM_LOOKUP_WAIT : 0);
		if (err == -EREMOTE)
			err = ipv4_dst_blackhole(net, rp, flp);

		return err;
	}

	return 0;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_route_output_flow);

int ip_route_output_key(struct net *net, struct rtable **rp, struct flowi *flp)
{
	return ip_route_output_flow(net, rp, flp, NULL, 0);
}

static int rt_fill_info(struct net *net,
			struct sk_buff *skb, u32 pid, u32 seq, int event,
			int nowait, unsigned int flags)
{
	struct rtable *rt = skb_rtable(skb);
	struct rtmsg *r;
	struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
	long expires;
	u32 id = 0, ts = 0, tsage = 0, error;

	nlh = nlmsg_put(skb, pid, seq, event, sizeof(*r), flags);
	if (nlh == NULL)
		return -EMSGSIZE;

	r = nlmsg_data(nlh);
	r->rtm_family	 = AF_INET;
	r->rtm_dst_len	= 32;
	r->rtm_src_len	= 0;
	r->rtm_tos	= rt->fl.fl4_tos;
	r->rtm_table	= RT_TABLE_MAIN;
	NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_TABLE, RT_TABLE_MAIN);
	r->rtm_type	= rt->rt_type;
	r->rtm_scope	= RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
	r->rtm_protocol = RTPROT_UNSPEC;
	r->rtm_flags	= (rt->rt_flags & ~0xFFFF) | RTM_F_CLONED;
	if (rt->rt_flags & RTCF_NOTIFY)
		r->rtm_flags |= RTM_F_NOTIFY;

	NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_DST, rt->rt_dst);

	if (rt->fl.fl4_src) {
		r->rtm_src_len = 32;
		NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_SRC, rt->fl.fl4_src);
	}
	if (rt->u.dst.dev)
		NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_OIF, rt->u.dst.dev->ifindex);
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
	if (rt->u.dst.tclassid)
		NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_FLOW, rt->u.dst.tclassid);
#endif
	if (rt->fl.iif)
		NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_PREFSRC, rt->rt_spec_dst);
	else if (rt->rt_src != rt->fl.fl4_src)
		NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_PREFSRC, rt->rt_src);

	if (rt->rt_dst != rt->rt_gateway)
		NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_GATEWAY, rt->rt_gateway);

	if (rtnetlink_put_metrics(skb, rt->u.dst.metrics) < 0)
		goto nla_put_failure;

	error = rt->u.dst.error;
	expires = rt->u.dst.expires ? rt->u.dst.expires - jiffies : 0;
	if (rt->peer) {
		id = atomic_read(&rt->peer->ip_id_count) & 0xffff;
		if (rt->peer->tcp_ts_stamp) {
			ts = rt->peer->tcp_ts;
			tsage = get_seconds() - rt->peer->tcp_ts_stamp;
		}
	}

	if (rt->fl.iif) {
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
		__be32 dst = rt->rt_dst;

		if (ipv4_is_multicast(dst) && !ipv4_is_local_multicast(dst) &&
		    IPV4_DEVCONF_ALL(net, MC_FORWARDING)) {
			int err = ipmr_get_route(net, skb, r, nowait);
			if (err <= 0) {
				if (!nowait) {
					if (err == 0)
						return 0;
					goto nla_put_failure;
				} else {
					if (err == -EMSGSIZE)
						goto nla_put_failure;
					error = err;
				}
			}
		} else
#endif
			NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_IIF, rt->fl.iif);
	}

	if (rtnl_put_cacheinfo(skb, &rt->u.dst, id, ts, tsage,
			       expires, error) < 0)
		goto nla_put_failure;

	return nlmsg_end(skb, nlh);

nla_put_failure:
	nlmsg_cancel(skb, nlh);
	return -EMSGSIZE;
}

static int inet_rtm_getroute(struct sk_buff *in_skb, struct nlmsghdr* nlh, void *arg)
{
	struct net *net = sock_net(in_skb->sk);
	struct rtmsg *rtm;
	struct nlattr *tb[RTA_MAX+1];
	struct rtable *rt = NULL;
	__be32 dst = 0;
	__be32 src = 0;
	u32 iif;
	int err;
	struct sk_buff *skb;

	err = nlmsg_parse(nlh, sizeof(*rtm), tb, RTA_MAX, rtm_ipv4_policy);
	if (err < 0)
		goto errout;

	rtm = nlmsg_data(nlh);

	skb = alloc_skb(NLMSG_GOODSIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (skb == NULL) {
		err = -ENOBUFS;
		goto errout;
	}

	/* Reserve room for dummy headers, this skb can pass
	   through good chunk of routing engine.
	 */
	skb_reset_mac_header(skb);
	skb_reset_network_header(skb);

	/* Bugfix: need to give ip_route_input enough of an IP header to not gag. */
	ip_hdr(skb)->protocol = IPPROTO_ICMP;
	skb_reserve(skb, MAX_HEADER + sizeof(struct iphdr));

	src = tb[RTA_SRC] ? nla_get_be32(tb[RTA_SRC]) : 0;
	dst = tb[RTA_DST] ? nla_get_be32(tb[RTA_DST]) : 0;
	iif = tb[RTA_IIF] ? nla_get_u32(tb[RTA_IIF]) : 0;

	if (iif) {
		struct net_device *dev;

		dev = __dev_get_by_index(net, iif);
		if (dev == NULL) {
			err = -ENODEV;
			goto errout_free;
		}

		skb->protocol	= htons(ETH_P_IP);
		skb->dev	= dev;
		local_bh_disable();
		err = ip_route_input(skb, dst, src, rtm->rtm_tos, dev);
		local_bh_enable();

		rt = skb_rtable(skb);
		if (err == 0 && rt->u.dst.error)
			err = -rt->u.dst.error;
	} else {
		struct flowi fl = {
			.nl_u = {
				.ip4_u = {
					.daddr = dst,
					.saddr = src,
					.tos = rtm->rtm_tos,
				},
			},
			.oif = tb[RTA_OIF] ? nla_get_u32(tb[RTA_OIF]) : 0,
		};
		err = ip_route_output_key(net, &rt, &fl);
	}

	if (err)
		goto errout_free;

	skb_dst_set(skb, &rt->u.dst);
	if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTM_F_NOTIFY)
		rt->rt_flags |= RTCF_NOTIFY;

	err = rt_fill_info(net, skb, NETLINK_CB(in_skb).pid, nlh->nlmsg_seq,
			   RTM_NEWROUTE, 0, 0);
	if (err <= 0)
		goto errout_free;

	err = rtnl_unicast(skb, net, NETLINK_CB(in_skb).pid);
errout:
	return err;

errout_free:
	kfree_skb(skb);
	goto errout;
}

int ip_rt_dump(struct sk_buff *skb,  struct netlink_callback *cb)
{
	struct rtable *rt;
	int h, s_h;
	int idx, s_idx;
	struct net *net;

	net = sock_net(skb->sk);

	s_h = cb->args[0];
	if (s_h < 0)
		s_h = 0;
	s_idx = idx = cb->args[1];
	for (h = s_h; h <= rt_hash_mask; h++, s_idx = 0) {
		if (!rt_hash_table[h].chain)
			continue;
		rcu_read_lock_bh();
		for (rt = rcu_dereference_bh(rt_hash_table[h].chain), idx = 0; rt;
		     rt = rcu_dereference_bh(rt->u.dst.rt_next), idx++) {
			if (!net_eq(dev_net(rt->u.dst.dev), net) || idx < s_idx)
				continue;
			if (rt_is_expired(rt))
				continue;
			skb_dst_set_noref(skb, &rt->u.dst);
			if (rt_fill_info(net, skb, NETLINK_CB(cb->skb).pid,
					 cb->nlh->nlmsg_seq, RTM_NEWROUTE,
					 1, NLM_F_MULTI) <= 0) {
				skb_dst_drop(skb);
				rcu_read_unlock_bh();
				goto done;
			}
			skb_dst_drop(skb);
		}
		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
	}

done:
	cb->args[0] = h;
	cb->args[1] = idx;
	return skb->len;
}

void ip_rt_multicast_event(struct in_device *in_dev)
{
	rt_cache_flush(dev_net(in_dev->dev), 0);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
static int ipv4_sysctl_rtcache_flush(ctl_table *__ctl, int write,
					void __user *buffer,
					size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
{
	if (write) {
		int flush_delay;
		ctl_table ctl;
		struct net *net;

		memcpy(&ctl, __ctl, sizeof(ctl));
		ctl.data = &flush_delay;
		proc_dointvec(&ctl, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);

		net = (struct net *)__ctl->extra1;
		rt_cache_flush(net, flush_delay);
		return 0;
	}

	return -EINVAL;
}

static ctl_table ipv4_route_table[] = {
	{
		.procname	= "gc_thresh",
		.data		= &ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "max_size",
		.data		= &ip_rt_max_size,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		/*  Deprecated. Use gc_min_interval_ms */

		.procname	= "gc_min_interval",
		.data		= &ip_rt_gc_min_interval,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_jiffies,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "gc_min_interval_ms",
		.data		= &ip_rt_gc_min_interval,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_ms_jiffies,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "gc_timeout",
		.data		= &ip_rt_gc_timeout,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_jiffies,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "gc_interval",
		.data		= &ip_rt_gc_interval,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_jiffies,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "redirect_load",
		.data		= &ip_rt_redirect_load,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "redirect_number",
		.data		= &ip_rt_redirect_number,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "redirect_silence",
		.data		= &ip_rt_redirect_silence,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "error_cost",
		.data		= &ip_rt_error_cost,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "error_burst",
		.data		= &ip_rt_error_burst,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "gc_elasticity",
		.data		= &ip_rt_gc_elasticity,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "mtu_expires",
		.data		= &ip_rt_mtu_expires,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_jiffies,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "min_pmtu",
		.data		= &ip_rt_min_pmtu,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "min_adv_mss",
		.data		= &ip_rt_min_advmss,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{ }
};

static struct ctl_table empty[1];

static struct ctl_table ipv4_skeleton[] =
{
	{ .procname = "route", 
	  .mode = 0555, .child = ipv4_route_table},
	{ .procname = "neigh", 
	  .mode = 0555, .child = empty},
	{ }
};

static __net_initdata struct ctl_path ipv4_path[] = {
	{ .procname = "net", },
	{ .procname = "ipv4", },
	{ },
};

static struct ctl_table ipv4_route_flush_table[] = {
	{
		.procname	= "flush",
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0200,
		.proc_handler	= ipv4_sysctl_rtcache_flush,
	},
	{ },
};

static __net_initdata struct ctl_path ipv4_route_path[] = {
	{ .procname = "net", },
	{ .procname = "ipv4", },
	{ .procname = "route", },
	{ },
};

static __net_init int sysctl_route_net_init(struct net *net)
{
	struct ctl_table *tbl;

	tbl = ipv4_route_flush_table;
	if (!net_eq(net, &init_net)) {
		tbl = kmemdup(tbl, sizeof(ipv4_route_flush_table), GFP_KERNEL);
		if (tbl == NULL)
			goto err_dup;
	}
	tbl[0].extra1 = net;

	net->ipv4.route_hdr =
		register_net_sysctl_table(net, ipv4_route_path, tbl);
	if (net->ipv4.route_hdr == NULL)
		goto err_reg;
	return 0;

err_reg:
	if (tbl != ipv4_route_flush_table)
		kfree(tbl);
err_dup:
	return -ENOMEM;
}

static __net_exit void sysctl_route_net_exit(struct net *net)
{
	struct ctl_table *tbl;

	tbl = net->ipv4.route_hdr->ctl_table_arg;
	unregister_net_sysctl_table(net->ipv4.route_hdr);
	BUG_ON(tbl == ipv4_route_flush_table);
	kfree(tbl);
}

static __net_initdata struct pernet_operations sysctl_route_ops = {
	.init = sysctl_route_net_init,
	.exit = sysctl_route_net_exit,
};
#endif

static __net_init int rt_genid_init(struct net *net)
{
	get_random_bytes(&net->ipv4.rt_genid,
			 sizeof(net->ipv4.rt_genid));
	return 0;
}

static __net_initdata struct pernet_operations rt_genid_ops = {
	.init = rt_genid_init,
};


#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
struct ip_rt_acct __percpu *ip_rt_acct __read_mostly;
#endif /* CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE */

static __initdata unsigned long rhash_entries;
static int __init set_rhash_entries(char *str)
{
	if (!str)
		return 0;
	rhash_entries = simple_strtoul(str, &str, 0);
	return 1;
}
__setup("rhash_entries=", set_rhash_entries);

int __init ip_rt_init(void)
{
	int rc = 0;

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
	ip_rt_acct = __alloc_percpu(256 * sizeof(struct ip_rt_acct), __alignof__(struct ip_rt_acct));
	if (!ip_rt_acct)
		panic("IP: failed to allocate ip_rt_acct\n");
#endif

	ipv4_dst_ops.kmem_cachep =
		kmem_cache_create("ip_dst_cache", sizeof(struct rtable), 0,
				  SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);

	ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops.kmem_cachep = ipv4_dst_ops.kmem_cachep;

	rt_hash_table = (struct rt_hash_bucket *)
		alloc_large_system_hash("IP route cache",
					sizeof(struct rt_hash_bucket),
					rhash_entries,
					(totalram_pages >= 128 * 1024) ?
					15 : 17,
					0,
					&rt_hash_log,
					&rt_hash_mask,
					rhash_entries ? 0 : 512 * 1024);
	memset(rt_hash_table, 0, (rt_hash_mask + 1) * sizeof(struct rt_hash_bucket));
	rt_hash_lock_init();

	ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh = (rt_hash_mask + 1);
	ip_rt_max_size = (rt_hash_mask + 1) * 16;

	devinet_init();
	ip_fib_init();

	/* All the timers, started at system startup tend
	   to synchronize. Perturb it a bit.
	 */
	INIT_DELAYED_WORK_DEFERRABLE(&expires_work, rt_worker_func);
	expires_ljiffies = jiffies;
	schedule_delayed_work(&expires_work,
		net_random() % ip_rt_gc_interval + ip_rt_gc_interval);

	if (ip_rt_proc_init())
		printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to create route proc files\n");
#ifdef CONFIG_XFRM
	xfrm_init();
	xfrm4_init(ip_rt_max_size);
#endif
	rtnl_register(PF_INET, RTM_GETROUTE, inet_rtm_getroute, NULL);

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
	register_pernet_subsys(&sysctl_route_ops);
#endif
	register_pernet_subsys(&rt_genid_ops);
	return rc;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
/*
 * We really need to sanitize the damn ipv4 init order, then all
 * this nonsense will go away.
 */
void __init ip_static_sysctl_init(void)
{
	register_sysctl_paths(ipv4_path, ipv4_skeleton);
}
#endif

EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ip_select_ident);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_route_output_key);