js_dump.ml

(* ReScript compiler
 * Copyright (C) 2015-2016 Bloomberg Finance L.P.
 * http://www.ocsigen.org/js_of_ocaml/
 * Copyright (C) 2010 Jérôme Vouillon
 * Laboratoire PPS - CNRS Université Paris Diderot
 * Copyright (C) 2017 - Hongbo Zhang, Authors of ReScript
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, with linking exception;
 * either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
 *)
(* Authors: Jérôme Vouillon, Hongbo Zhang  *)

(*
  http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2846283/what-are-the-rules-for-javascripts-automatic-semicolon-insertion-asi
  ASI catch up
   {[
     a=b
       ++c
       ---
       a=b ++c
     ====================
     a ++
     ---
     a
     ++
     ====================
     a --
     ---
     a
     --
     ====================
     (continue/break/return/throw) a
     ---
     (continue/break/return/throw)
       a
     ====================
   ]}

*)

let name_symbol = Js_op.Symbol_name

module P = Ext_pp
module E = Js_exp_make
module S = Js_stmt_make
module L = Js_dump_lit

(* There modules are dynamically inserted in the last stage
   {Caml_curry}
   {Caml_option}

   They can appear anywhere so even if you have a module
   {
    let module Caml_block = ...

    (* Later would insert the use of Caml_block here which should
      point tto the runtime module
    *)
   }
   There are no sane way to easy detect it ahead of time, we should be
   conservative here.
   (our call Js_fun_env.get_unbounded env) is not precise
*)

module Curry_gen = struct
  let pp_curry_dot f =
    P.string f Js_runtime_modules.curry;
    P.string f L.dot

  let pp_optimize_curry (f : P.t) (len : int) =
    pp_curry_dot f;
    P.string f "__";
    P.string f (Printf.sprintf "%d" len)

  let pp_app_any (f : P.t) =
    pp_curry_dot f;
    P.string f "app"

  let pp_app (f : P.t) (len : int) =
    pp_curry_dot f;
    P.string f "_";
    P.string f (Printf.sprintf "%d" len)
end

type cxt = Ext_pp_scope.t

let semi f = P.string f L.semi
let comma f = P.string f L.comma

let new_error name cause =
  E.new_ (E.js_global Js_dump_lit.error) [ name; cause ]

let exn_block_as_obj ~(stack : bool) (el : J.expression list) (ext : J.tag_info)
    : J.expression =
  let field_name =
    match ext with
    | Blk_extension -> (
        fun i ->
          match i with 0 -> Literals.exception_id | i -> "_" ^ string_of_int i)
    | Blk_record_ext { fields = ss } -> (
        fun i -> match i with 0 -> Literals.exception_id | i -> ss.(i - 1))
    | _ -> assert false
  in
    let cause =
    {
      J.expression_desc =
        Object (List.mapi (fun i e -> (Js_op.Lit (field_name i), e)) el);
      comment = None;
    }
  in
   if stack then
      new_error (List.hd el)
        {
          J.expression_desc = Object [ (Lit Js_dump_lit.cause, cause) ];
          comment = None;
        }
    else cause

let exn_ref_as_obj e : J.expression =
  let cause = { J.expression_desc = e; comment = None; } in
  new_error
    (E.record_access cause Js_dump_lit.exception_id 0l)
    {
      J.expression_desc = Object [ (Lit Js_dump_lit.cause, cause) ];
      comment = None;
    }

let rec iter_lst cxt (f : P.t) ls element inter =
  match ls with
  | [] -> cxt
  | [ e ] -> element cxt f e
  | e :: r ->
      let acxt = element cxt f e in
      inter f;
      iter_lst acxt f r element inter

let raw_snippet_exp_simple_enough (s : string) =
  Ext_string.for_all s (fun c ->
      match c with 'a' .. 'z' | 'A' .. 'Z' | '_' | '.' -> true | _ -> false)
(* Parentheses are required when the expression
   starts syntactically with "{" or "function"
   TODO:  be more conservative, since Google Closure will handle
   the precedence correctly, we also need people read the code..
   Here we force parens for some alien operators

   If we move assign into a statement, will be less?
   TODO: construct a test case that do need parenthesisze for expression
   IIE does not apply (will be inlined?)
*)

(* e = function(x){...}(x);  is good
*)
let rec exp_need_paren ?(arrow=false) (e : J.expression) =
  match e.expression_desc with
  (* | Caml_uninitialized_obj _  *)
  | Call ({ expression_desc = Raw_js_code _ }, _, _) -> true
  | Raw_js_code { code_info = Exp _ }
  | Fun _
  | Caml_block
      ( _,
        _,
        _,
        ( Blk_record _ | Blk_module _ | Blk_poly_var _ | Blk_extension
        | Blk_record_ext _ | Blk_record_inlined _ | Blk_constructor _ ) )
  | Object _ ->
      true
  | Raw_js_code { code_info = Stmt _ }
  | Length _ | Call _ | Caml_block_tag _ | Seq _ | Static_index _ | Cond _
  | Bin _ | Is_null_or_undefined _ | String_index _ | Array_index _
  | String_append _ | Var _ | Undefined _ | Null | Str _ | Array _
  | Caml_block _ | FlatCall _ | Typeof _ | Number _
  | Js_not _ | Bool _ | New _ ->
      false
  | Await _ -> false
  | Tagged_template _ -> false
  | Optional_block (e, true) when arrow -> exp_need_paren ~arrow e
  | Optional_block _ -> false

(** Print as underscore for unused vars, may not be 
    needed in the future *)
(* let ipp_ident cxt f id (un_used : bool) =
   Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f (
    if un_used then
      Ext_ident.make_unused ()
    else
      id) *)

let pp_var_assign cxt f id =
  P.string f L.let_;
  P.space f;
  let acxt = Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f id in
  P.space f;
  P.string f L.eq;
  P.space f;
  acxt

let pp_var_assign_this cxt f id =
  let cxt = pp_var_assign cxt f id in
  P.string f L.this;
  P.space f;
  semi f;
  P.newline f;
  cxt

let pp_var_declare cxt f id =
  P.string f L.let_;
  P.space f;
  let acxt = Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f id in
  semi f;
  acxt

let pp_direction f (direction : J.for_direction) =
  match direction with
  | Up | Upto -> P.string f L.plus_plus
  | Downto -> P.string f L.minus_minus

let return_sp f =
  P.string f L.return;
  P.space f

let bool f b = P.string f (if b then L.true_ else L.false_)

let comma_sp f =
  comma f;
  P.space f

let comma_nl f =
  comma f;
  P.newline f

(* let drop_comment (x : J.expression) =
   if x.comment = None then x
   else {x with comment = None} *)

let debugger_nl f =
  P.newline f;
  P.string f L.debugger;
  semi f;
  P.newline f

let break_nl f =
  P.string f L.break;
  semi f;
  P.newline f

let continue f =
  P.string f L.continue;
  semi f

let formal_parameter_list cxt f l = iter_lst cxt f l Ext_pp_scope.ident comma_sp

(* IdentMap *)
(*
f/122 -->
  f/122 is in the map
  if in, use the old mapping
  else
    check  f,
     if in last bumped id
     else
        use "f", register it

  check "f"
         if not , use "f", register stamp -> 0
         else
           check stamp
             if in  use it
             else check last bumped id, increase it and register
*)

(**
   Turn [function f (x,y) { return a (x,y)} ] into [Curry.__2(a)],
   The idea is that [Curry.__2] will guess the arity of [a], if it does
   hit, then there is no cost when passed
*)

let is_var (b : J.expression) a =
  match b.expression_desc with Var (Id i) -> Ident.same i a | _ -> false

type fn_exp_state =
  | Is_return (* for sure no name *)
  | Name_top of Ident.t
  | Name_non_top of Ident.t
  | No_name of { single_arg : bool }
(* true means for sure, false -- not sure *)

let default_fn_exp_state = No_name { single_arg = false }

(* TODO: refactoring
   Note that {!pp_function} could print both statement and expression when [No_name] is given
*)
let rec try_optimize_curry cxt f len function_id =
  Curry_gen.pp_optimize_curry f len;
  P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:1 cxt f function_id)

and pp_function ~return_unit ~async ~is_method ?directive cxt (f : P.t) ~fn_state
    (l : Ident.t list) (b : J.block) (env : Js_fun_env.t) : cxt =
  match b with
  | [
   {
     statement_desc =
       Return
         {
           expression_desc =
             Call
               ( ({ expression_desc = Var v; _ } as function_id),
                 ls,
                 {
                   arity = (Full | NA) as arity (* see #234*);
                   (* TODO: need a case to justify it*)
                   call_info = Call_builtin_runtime | Call_ml;
                 } );
         };
   };
  ]
    when (* match such case:
            {[ function(x,y){ return u(x,y) } ]}
            it can be optimized in to either [u] or [Curry.__n(u)]
         *)
         (not is_method)
         && Ext_list.for_all2_no_exn ls l is_var
         &&
         match v with
         (* This check is needed to avoid some edge cases
            {[function(x){return x(x)}]}
            here the function is also called `x`
         *)
         | Id id -> not (Ext_list.exists l (fun x -> Ident.same x id))
         | Qualified _ -> true -> (
      let optimize len ~p cxt f v =
        if p then try_optimize_curry cxt f len function_id else vident cxt f v
      in
      let len = List.length l in
      (* length *)
      match fn_state with
      | Name_top i | Name_non_top i ->
          let cxt = pp_var_assign cxt f i in
          let cxt = optimize len ~p:(arity = NA && len <= 8) cxt f v in
          semi f;
          cxt
      | Is_return | No_name _ ->
          if fn_state = Is_return then return_sp f;
          optimize len ~p:(arity = NA && len <= 8) cxt f v)
  | _ ->
      let set_env : Set_ident.t =
        (* identifiers will be printed following*)
        match fn_state with
        | Is_return | No_name _ -> Js_fun_env.get_unbounded env
        | Name_top id | Name_non_top id ->
            Set_ident.add (Js_fun_env.get_unbounded env) id
      in
      (* the context will be continued after this function *)
      let outer_cxt = Ext_pp_scope.merge cxt set_env in

      (* whether the function output can use arrow syntax *)
      let arrow = match fn_state with
        | Name_top _ -> false
        | _ -> not is_method
      in

      (* the context used to be printed inside this function

         when printing a function,
         only the enclosed variables and function name matters,
         if the function does not capture any variable, then the context is empty
      *)
      let inner_cxt = Ext_pp_scope.sub_scope outer_cxt set_env in
      let param_body () : unit =
        if is_method then (
          match l with
          | [] -> assert false
          | this :: arguments ->
              let cxt =
                P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ ->
                    formal_parameter_list inner_cxt f arguments)
              in
              P.space f;
              P.brace_vgroup f 1 (fun _ ->
                  let cxt =
                    if Js_fun_env.get_unused env 0 then cxt
                    else pp_var_assign_this cxt f this
                  in
                  function_body ?directive ~return_unit cxt f b))
        else
          let cxt =
            match l with
            | [ single ] when arrow ->
              Ext_pp_scope.ident inner_cxt f single
            | l ->
              P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ -> formal_parameter_list inner_cxt f l)
          in
          P.space f;
          if arrow then (
            P.string f (L.arrow);
            P.space f;
          );
          match b with
          | [ { statement_desc = Return { expression_desc = Undefined _ } } ]
            when arrow
            ->
              P.string f "{";
              P.string f "}";

          | [ { statement_desc = Return e } ] | [ { statement_desc = Exp e } ]
            when arrow && directive == None
            -> (if exp_need_paren ~arrow e then P.paren_group f 0 else P.group f 0)
                  (fun _ -> ignore (expression ~level:0 cxt f e))

          | _ ->
            P.brace_vgroup f 1 (fun _ -> function_body ?directive ~return_unit cxt f b)
      in
      let enclose () =
        let handle () =
          (
            match fn_state with
            | Is_return ->
                return_sp f;
                P.string f (L.function_ ~async ~arrow);
                param_body ()
            | No_name _ ->
                P.string f (L.function_ ~async ~arrow);
                param_body ()
            | Name_non_top x ->
                ignore (pp_var_assign inner_cxt f x : cxt);
                P.string f (L.function_ ~async ~arrow);
                param_body ();
                semi f
            | Name_top x ->
                P.string f (L.function_ ~async ~arrow);
                ignore (Ext_pp_scope.ident inner_cxt f x : cxt);
                param_body ())
        in
        handle ()
      in
      enclose ();
      outer_cxt

(* Assume the cond would not change the context,
    since it can be either [int] or [string]
*)
and pp_one_case_clause :
      'a. _ -> P.t -> (P.t -> 'a -> unit) -> 'a * J.case_clause -> _ =
 fun cxt f pp_cond
     (switch_case, ({ switch_body; should_break; comment } : J.case_clause)) ->
  P.newline f;
  let cxt =
    P.group f 1 (fun _ ->
        P.group f 0 (fun _ ->
            P.string f L.case;
            P.space f;
            pp_comment_option f comment;
            pp_cond f switch_case;
            (* could be integer or string *)
            P.space f;
            P.string f L.colon);
        P.group f 0 (fun _ ->
            let cxt =
              match switch_body with
              | [] -> cxt
              | _ ->
                  P.newline f;
                  statements false cxt f switch_body
            in
            if should_break then (
              P.newline f;
              P.string f L.break;
              semi f);
            cxt))
  in
  cxt

and loop_case_clauses :
      'a. cxt -> P.t -> (P.t -> 'a -> unit) -> ('a * J.case_clause) list -> cxt
    =
 fun cxt f pp_cond cases ->
  Ext_list.fold_left cases cxt (fun acc x -> pp_one_case_clause acc f pp_cond x)

and vident cxt f (v : J.vident) =
  match v with
  | Id v
  | Qualified ({ id = v }, None)
  | Qualified ({ id = v; kind = External { default = true } }, _) ->
      Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f v
  | Qualified ({ id; kind = Ml | Runtime }, Some name) ->
      let cxt = Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f id in
      P.string f L.dot;
      P.string f
        (if name = Js_dump_import_export.default_export then name
        else Ext_ident.convert name);
      cxt
  | Qualified ({ id; kind = External _ }, Some name) ->
      let cxt = Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f id in
      Js_dump_property.property_access f name;
      cxt

(* The higher the level, the more likely that inner has to add parens *)
and expression ~level:l cxt f (exp : J.expression) : cxt =
  pp_comment_option f exp.comment;
  expression_desc cxt ~level:l f exp.expression_desc

and expression_desc cxt ~(level : int) f x : cxt =
  match x with
  | Null ->
      P.string f L.null;
      cxt
  | Undefined _ ->
      P.string f L.undefined;
      cxt
  | Var v -> vident cxt f v
  | Bool b ->
      bool f b;
      cxt
  | Seq (e1, e2) ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 0) (fun () ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:0 cxt f e1 in
          comma_sp f;
          expression ~level:0 cxt f e2)
  | Fun { is_method; params; body; env; return_unit; async; directive } ->
      (* TODO: dump for comments *)
      pp_function ?directive ~is_method ~return_unit ~async
        ~fn_state:default_fn_exp_state
        cxt f params body env
      (* TODO:
         when [e] is [Js_raw_code] with arity
         print it in a more precise way
         It seems the optimizer already did work to make sure
         {[
           Call (Raw_js_code (s, Exp i), el, {Full})
           when Ext_list.length_equal el i
         ]}
      *)
  | Call (e, el, info) ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 15) (fun _ ->
          P.group f 0 (fun _ ->
              match (info, el) with
              | { arity = Full }, _ | _, [] ->
                  let cxt =
                    P.cond_paren_group f
                      (match e.expression_desc with Fun _ -> true | _ -> false)
                      (fun () -> expression ~level:15 cxt f e )
                  in
                  P.paren_group f 0 (fun _ ->
                      match el with
                      | [
                       {
                         expression_desc =
                           Fun
                             {
                               is_method;
                               params;
                               body;
                               env;
                               return_unit;
                               async;
                               directive;
                             };
                       };
                      ] ->
                          pp_function ?directive ~is_method ~return_unit ~async
                            ~fn_state:(No_name { single_arg = true })
                            cxt f params body env
                      | _ ->
                        let el = match el with
                        | [e] when e.expression_desc = Undefined {is_unit = true} ->
                          (* omit passing undefined when the call is f() *)
                          []
                        | _ ->
                          el in
                         arguments cxt f el)
              | _, _ ->
                  let len = List.length el in
                  if 1 <= len && len <= 8 then (
                    Curry_gen.pp_app f len;
                    P.paren_group f 0 (fun _ -> arguments cxt f (e :: el)))
                  else (
                    Curry_gen.pp_app_any f;
                    P.paren_group f 0 (fun _ ->
                        arguments cxt f [ e; E.array Mutable el ]))))
  | FlatCall (e, el) ->
      P.group f 0 (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:15 cxt f e in
          P.string f L.dot;
          P.string f L.apply;
          P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ ->
              P.string f L.null;
              comma_sp f;
              expression ~level:1 cxt f el))
  | Tagged_template (call_expr, string_args, value_args) ->
    let cxt = expression cxt ~level f call_expr in
    P.string f "`";
    let rec aux cxt xs ys = match xs, ys with
    | [], [] -> ()
    | [{J.expression_desc = Str { txt; _ }}], [] ->  
        P.string f txt
    | {J.expression_desc = Str { txt; _ }} :: x_rest, y :: y_rest ->
        P.string f txt;
        P.string f "${";
        let cxt = expression cxt ~level f y in
        P.string f "}";
        aux cxt x_rest y_rest
    | _ -> assert false
    in
    aux cxt string_args value_args;
    P.string f "`";
    cxt
  | String_index (a, b) ->
      P.group f 1 (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:15 cxt f a in
          P.string f L.dot;
          P.string f L.code_point_at;
          (* FIXME: use code_point_at *)
          P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:0 cxt f b))
  | Str { delim; txt } ->
      (*TODO --
         when utf8-> it will not escape '\\' which is definitely not we want
      *)
      let () =
        match delim with
        | DStarJ -> P.string f ("\"" ^ txt ^ "\"")
        | DNoQuotes -> P.string f txt
        | DNone -> Js_dump_string.pp_string f txt
      in
      cxt
  | Raw_js_code { code = s; code_info = info } -> (
      match info with
      | Exp exp_info ->
          let raw_paren =
            not
              (match exp_info with
              | Js_literal _ -> true
              | Js_function _ | Js_exp_unknown ->
                  false || raw_snippet_exp_simple_enough s)
          in
          if raw_paren then P.string f L.lparen;
          P.string f s;
          if raw_paren then P.string f L.rparen;
          cxt
      | Stmt stmt_info ->
          if stmt_info = Js_stmt_comment then P.string f s
          else (
            P.newline f;
            P.string f s;
            P.newline f);
          cxt)
  | Number v ->
      let s =
        match v with
        | Float { f } -> Js_number.caml_float_literal_to_js_string f
        (* attach string here for float constant folding?*)
        | Int { i; c = Some c } -> Format.asprintf "/* %s */%ld" (Ext_util.string_of_int_as_char c) i
        | Int { i; c = None } ->
            Int32.to_string i
            (* check , js convention with ocaml lexical convention *)
        | Uint i -> Format.asprintf "%lu" i
        | BigInt {positive; value} -> Format.asprintf "%sn" (Bigint_utils.to_string positive value)
      in
      let need_paren =
        if s.[0] = '-' then level > 13
          (* Negative numbers may need to be parenthesized. *)
        else
          level = 15 (* Parenthesize as well when followed by a dot. *)
          && s.[0] <> 'I' (* Infinity *)
          && s.[0] <> 'N'
        (* NaN *)
      in
      let action _ = P.string f s in
      if need_paren then P.paren f action else action ();
      cxt
  | Is_null_or_undefined e ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 0) (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:1 cxt f e in
          P.space f;
          P.string f "==";
          P.space f;
          P.string f L.null;
          cxt)
  | Js_not e ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 13) (fun _ ->
          P.string f "!";
          expression ~level:13 cxt f e)
  | Typeof e ->
      P.string f "typeof";
      P.space f;
      expression ~level:13 cxt f e
  | Bin
      ( Minus,
        {
          expression_desc =
            Number ((Int { i = 0l; _ } | Float { f = "0." }) as desc);
        },
        e )
  (* TODO:
     Handle multiple cases like
     {[ 0. - x ]}
     {[ 0.00 - x ]}
     {[ 0.000 - x ]}
  *) ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 13) (fun _ ->
          P.string f (match desc with Float _ -> "- " | _ -> "-");
          expression ~level:13 cxt f e)
  | Bin (op, e1, e2) ->
      let out, lft, rght = Js_op_util.op_prec op in
      let need_paren =
        level > out || match op with Lsl | Lsr | Asr -> true | _ -> false
      in
      (* We are more conservative here, to make the generated code more readable
            to the user *)
      P.cond_paren_group f need_paren (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:lft cxt f e1 in
          P.space f;
          P.string f (Js_op_util.op_str op);
          P.space f;
          expression ~level:rght cxt f e2)
  | String_append (e1, e2) ->
      let op : Js_op.binop = Plus in
      let out, lft, rght = Js_op_util.op_prec op in
      let need_paren =
        level > out || match op with Lsl | Lsr | Asr -> true | _ -> false
      in
      P.cond_paren_group f need_paren (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:lft cxt f e1 in
          P.space f;
          P.string f "+";
          P.space f;
          expression ~level:rght cxt f e2)
  | Array (el, _) -> (
      (* TODO: simplify for singleton list *)
      match el with
      | [] | [ _ ] -> P.bracket_group f 1 (fun _ -> array_element_list cxt f el)
      | _ -> P.bracket_vgroup f 1 (fun _ -> array_element_list cxt f el))
  | Optional_block (e, identity) ->
      expression ~level cxt f
        (if identity then e
        else E.runtime_call Js_runtime_modules.option "some" [ e ])
  | Caml_block (el, _, _, Blk_module fields) ->
      expression_desc cxt ~level f
        (Object
           (Ext_list.map_combine fields el (fun x ->
                Js_op.Lit (Ext_ident.convert x))))
  (*name convention of Record is slight different from modules*)
  | Caml_block (el, mutable_flag, _, Blk_record { fields; record_repr }) -> (
      if
        Array.length fields <> 0
        && Ext_array.for_alli fields (fun i v -> string_of_int i = v)
      then expression_desc cxt ~level f (Array (el, mutable_flag))
      else
        match record_repr with
        | Record_regular ->
            expression_desc cxt ~level f
              (Object (Ext_list.combine_array fields el (fun i -> Js_op.Lit i)))
        | Record_optional ->
            let fields =
              Ext_list.array_list_filter_map fields el (fun f x ->
                  match x.expression_desc with
                  | Undefined _ -> None
                  | _ -> Some (Js_op.Lit f, x))
            in
            expression_desc cxt ~level f (Object fields))
  | Caml_block (el, _, _, Blk_poly_var _) -> (
      match el with
      | [ tag; value ] ->
          expression_desc cxt ~level f
            (Object
               [
                 (Js_op.Lit Literals.polyvar_hash, tag);
                 (Lit Literals.polyvar_value, value);
               ])
      | _ -> assert false)
  | Caml_block (el, _, _, ((Blk_extension | Blk_record_ext _) as ext)) ->
      expression cxt ~level f (exn_block_as_obj ~stack:false el ext)
  | Caml_block (el, _, tag, Blk_record_inlined p) ->
      let untagged = Ast_untagged_variants.process_untagged p.attrs in
      let objs =
        let tails =
          Ext_list.combine_array_append p.fields el
            (if !Js_config.debug then [ (name_symbol, E.str p.name) ] else [])
            (fun i -> Js_op.Lit i)
        in
        let is_optional (pname: Js_op.property_name)  =
          match pname with
          | Lit n -> Ext_list.mem_string p.optional_labels n
          | Symbol_name -> false
        in
        let tag_name = match Ast_untagged_variants.process_tag_name p.attrs with
        | None -> L.tag
        | Some s -> s in
        let tails =
          match p.optional_labels with
          | [] -> tails
          | _ ->
            Ext_list.filter_map tails (fun (f, x) ->
              match x.expression_desc with
              | Undefined _ when is_optional f -> None
              | _ -> Some (f, x))
          in
        if untagged then
          tails
        else
          (Js_op.Lit tag_name, (* TAG:xx for inline records *)
            match Ast_untagged_variants.process_tag_type p.attrs with
            | None -> E.str p.name
            | Some t -> E.tag_type t )
          :: tails
      in
      expression_desc cxt ~level f (Object objs)
  | Caml_block (el, _, tag, Blk_constructor p) ->
      let not_is_cons = p.name <> Literals.cons in
      let tag_type = Ast_untagged_variants.process_tag_type p.attrs in
      let untagged = Ast_untagged_variants.process_untagged p.attrs in
      let tag_name = match Ast_untagged_variants.process_tag_name p.attrs with
        | None -> L.tag
        | Some s -> s in
      let objs =
        let tails =
          Ext_list.mapi_append el
            (fun i e ->
              ( (match (not_is_cons, i) with
                | false, 0 -> Js_op.Lit Literals.hd
                | false, 1 -> Js_op.Lit Literals.tl
                | _ -> Js_op.Lit ("_" ^ string_of_int i)),
                e ))
            (if !Js_config.debug && not_is_cons then
             [ (name_symbol, E.str p.name) ]
            else [])
        in
        if untagged || (not_is_cons = false) && p.num_nonconst = 1 then tails
        else
          ( Js_op.Lit tag_name, (* TAG:xx *) 
            match tag_type with
            | None -> E.str p.name
            | Some t -> E.tag_type t )
          :: tails
      in
      let exp = match objs with
        | [(_, e)] when untagged -> e.expression_desc
        | _ when untagged -> assert false (* should not happen *)
        (* TODO: put restriction on the variant definitions allowed, to make sure this never happens. *)
        | _ -> J.Object objs in
      expression_desc cxt ~level f exp
  | Caml_block
      ( _,
        _,
        _,
        (Blk_module_export _ | Blk_some | Blk_some_not_nested | Blk_lazy_general)
      ) ->
      assert false
  | Caml_block (el, mutable_flag, _tag, Blk_tuple) ->
      expression_desc cxt ~level f (Array (el, mutable_flag))
  | Caml_block_tag (e, tag) ->
      P.group f 1 (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:15 cxt f e in
          P.string f L.dot;
          P.string f tag;
          cxt)
  | Array_index (e, p) ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 15) (fun _ ->
          P.group f 1 (fun _ ->
              let cxt = expression ~level:15 cxt f e in
              P.bracket_group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:0 cxt f p)))
  | Static_index (e, s, _) ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 15) (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:15 cxt f e in
          Js_dump_property.property_access f s;
          (* See [ .obj_of_exports]
             maybe in the ast level we should have
             refer and export
          *)
          cxt)
  | Length (e, _) ->
      (*Todo: check parens *)
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 15) (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:15 cxt f e in
          P.string f L.dot;
          P.string f L.length;
          cxt)
  | New (e, el) ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 15) (fun _ ->
          P.group f 0 (fun _ ->
              P.string f L.new_;
              P.space f;
              let cxt = expression ~level:16 cxt f e in
              P.paren_group f 0 (fun _ ->
                  match el with Some el -> arguments cxt f el | None -> cxt)))
  | Cond (e, e1, e2) ->
      let action () =
        let cxt = expression ~level:3 cxt f e in
        P.space f;
        P.string f L.question;
        P.space f;
        (*
            [level 1] is correct, however
            to make nice indentation , force nested conditional to be parenthesized
          *)
        let cxt = P.group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:3 cxt f e1) in

        P.space f;
        P.string f L.colon_space;
        (* idem *)
        P.group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:3 cxt f e2)
      in
      if level > 2 then P.paren_vgroup f 1 action else action ()
  | Object lst ->
      (* #1946 object literal is easy to be
         interpreted as block statement
         here we avoid parens in such case
         {[
           var f = { x : 2 , y : 2}
         ]}
      *)
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 1) (fun _ ->
          if lst = [] then (
            P.string f "{}";
            cxt)
          else
            P.brace_vgroup f 1 (fun _ -> property_name_and_value_list cxt f lst))
  | Await e ->
      P.cond_paren_group f (level > 13) (fun _ ->
          P.string f "await ";
          expression ~level:13 cxt f e)

and property_name_and_value_list cxt f (l : J.property_map) =
  iter_lst cxt f l
    (fun cxt f (pn, e) ->
      match e.expression_desc with
      | Var (Id v | Qualified ({ id = v; _ }, None)) ->
          let key = Js_dump_property.property_key pn in
          let str, cxt = Ext_pp_scope.str_of_ident cxt v in
          let content =
            (* if key = str then key
               else *)
            key ^ L.colon_space ^ str
          in
          P.string f content;
          cxt
      | _ ->
          let key = Js_dump_property.property_key pn in
          P.string f key;
          P.string f L.colon_space;
          expression ~level:1 cxt f e)
    comma_nl

and array_element_list cxt f (el : E.t list) : cxt =
  iter_lst cxt f el (expression ~level:1) comma_nl

and arguments cxt f (l : E.t list) : cxt =
  iter_lst cxt f l (expression ~level:1) comma_sp

and variable_declaration top cxt f (variable : J.variable_declaration) : cxt =
  (* TODO: print [const/var] for different backends  *)
  match variable with
  | { ident = i; value = None; ident_info; _ } ->
      if ident_info.used_stats = Dead_pure then cxt else pp_var_declare cxt f i
  | { ident = name; value = Some e; ident_info = { used_stats; _ } } -> (
      match used_stats with
      | Dead_pure -> cxt
      | Dead_non_pure ->
          (* Make sure parens are added correctly *)
          statement_desc top cxt f (J.Exp e)
      | _ -> (
          match e.expression_desc with
          | Fun { is_method; params; body; env; return_unit; async; directive } ->
              pp_function ?directive ~is_method ~return_unit ~async
                ~fn_state:(if top then Name_top name else Name_non_top name)
                cxt f params body env
          | _ ->
              let cxt = pp_var_assign cxt f name in
              let cxt = expression ~level:1 cxt f e in
              semi f;
              cxt))

and ipp_comment : 'a. P.t -> 'a -> unit = fun _f _comment -> ()

(** don't print a new line -- ASI
    FIXME: this still does not work in some cases...
    {[
      return /* ... */
      [... ]
    ]}
*)

and pp_comment f comment =
  if String.length comment > 0 then (
    P.string f "/* ";
    P.string f comment;
    P.string f " */")

and pp_comment_option f comment =
  match comment with None -> () | Some x -> pp_comment f x

and statement top cxt f ({ statement_desc = s; comment; _ } : J.statement) : cxt
    =
  pp_comment_option f comment;
  statement_desc top cxt f s

and statement_desc top cxt f (s : J.statement_desc) : cxt =
  match s with
  | Block [] ->
      ipp_comment f L.empty_block;
      (* debugging*)
      cxt
  | Exp { expression_desc = Var _ } ->
      (* Does it make sense to optimize here? *)
      (* semi f; *)
      cxt
  | Exp e -> (
      match e.expression_desc with
      | Raw_js_code { code; code_info = Stmt Js_stmt_comment } ->
          P.string f code;
          cxt
      | Raw_js_code { code_info = Exp (Js_literal { comment }) } ->
          (match comment with
          (* The %raw is just a comment *)
          | Some s -> P.string f s
          | None -> ());
          cxt
      | Str _ -> cxt
      | _ ->
          let cxt =
            (if exp_need_paren e then P.paren_group f 1 else P.group f 0)
              (fun _ -> expression ~level:0 cxt f e)
          in
          semi f;
          cxt)
  | Block b ->
      (* No braces needed here *)
      ipp_comment f L.start_block;
      let cxt = statements top cxt f b in
      ipp_comment f L.end_block;
      cxt
  | Variable l -> variable_declaration top cxt f l
  | If (e, s1, s2) -> (
      (* TODO: always brace those statements *)
      P.string f L.if_;
      P.space f;
      let cxt = P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:0 cxt f e) in
      P.space f;
      let cxt = brace_block cxt f s1 in
      match s2 with
      | [] | [ { statement_desc = Block [] | Exp { expression_desc = Var _ } } ]
        ->
          P.newline f;
          cxt
      | [ ({ statement_desc = If _ } as nest) ]
      | [
          {
            statement_desc = Block [ ({ statement_desc = If _; _ } as nest) ];
            _;
          };
        ] ->
          P.space f;
          P.string f L.else_;
          P.space f;
          statement false cxt f nest
      | _ :: _ as s2 ->
          P.space f;
          P.string f L.else_;
          P.space f;
          brace_block cxt f s2)
  | While (e, s) ->
      (*  FIXME: print scope as well *)
      let cxt =
        match e.expression_desc with
        | Number (Int { i = 1l }) ->
            P.string f L.while_;
            P.space f;
            P.string f L.lparen;
            P.string f L.true_;
            P.string f L.rparen;
            P.space f;
            cxt
        | _ ->
            P.string f L.while_;
            P.space f;
            let cxt =
              P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:0 cxt f e)
            in
            P.space f;
            cxt
      in
      let cxt = brace_block cxt f s in
      semi f;
      cxt
  | ForRange (for_ident_expression, finish, id, direction, s) ->
      let action cxt =
        P.vgroup f 0 (fun _ ->
            let cxt =
              P.group f 0 (fun _ ->
                  (* The only place that [semi] may have semantics here *)
                  P.string f L.for_;
                  P.space f;
                  let ctx  = P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ ->
                      let cxt, new_id =
                        match
                          (for_ident_expression, finish.expression_desc)
                        with
                        | Some ident_expression, (Number _ | Var _) ->
                            let cxt = pp_var_assign cxt f id in
                            (expression ~level:0 cxt f ident_expression, None)
                        | Some ident_expression, _ ->
                            let cxt = pp_var_assign cxt f id in
                            let cxt =
                              expression ~level:1 cxt f ident_expression
                            in
                            comma f;
                            P.space f;
                            let id =
                              Ext_ident.create (Ident.name id ^ "_finish")
                            in
                            let cxt = Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f id in
                            P.space f;
                            P.string f L.eq;
                            P.space f;
                            (expression ~level:1 cxt f finish, Some id)
                        | None, (Number _ | Var _) -> (cxt, None)
                        | None, _ ->
                            let id =
                              Ext_ident.create (Ident.name id ^ "_finish")
                            in
                            let cxt = pp_var_assign cxt f id in
                            (expression ~level:15 cxt f finish, Some id)
                      in
                      semi f;
                      P.space f;
                      let cxt = Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f id in
                      P.space f;
                      let right_prec =
                        match direction with
                        | Upto ->
                            let _, _, right = Js_op_util.op_prec Le in
                            P.string f L.le;
                            right
                        | Up ->
                            let _, _, right = Js_op_util.op_prec Lt in
                            P.string f L.lt;
                            right
                        | Downto ->
                            let _, _, right = Js_op_util.op_prec Ge in
                            P.string f L.ge;
                            right
                      in
                      P.space f;
                      let cxt =
                        expression ~level:right_prec cxt f
                          (match new_id with
                          | Some i -> E.var i
                          | None -> finish)
                      in
                      semi f;
                      P.space f;
                      pp_direction f direction;
                      Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f id) in
                      P.space f;
                      ctx)
            in
            brace_block cxt f s)
      in
      action cxt
  | Continue ->
      continue f;
      cxt
  (* P.newline f;  #2642 *)
  | Debugger ->
      debugger_nl f;
      cxt
  | Break ->
      break_nl f;
      cxt
  | Return e -> (
      match e.expression_desc with
      | Fun { is_method; params; body; env; return_unit; async; directive } ->
          let cxt =
            pp_function ?directive ~return_unit ~is_method ~async
              ~fn_state:Is_return
              cxt f params body env
          in
          semi f;
          cxt
      | Undefined _ ->
          P.string f L.return;
          semi f;
          cxt
      | _ ->
          return_sp f;
          (* P.string f "return ";(\* ASI -- when there is a comment*\) *)
          P.group f 0 (fun _ ->
              let cxt = expression ~level:0 cxt f e in
              semi f;
              cxt)
          (* There MUST be a space between the return and its
             argument. A line return will not work *))
  | Int_switch (e, cc, def) ->
      P.string f L.switch;
      P.space f;
      let cxt = P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:0 cxt f e) in
      P.space f;
      P.brace_vgroup f 1 (fun _ ->
          let cxt =
            loop_case_clauses cxt f (fun f i -> P.string f (string_of_int i)) cc
          in
          match def with
          | None -> cxt
          | Some def ->
              P.newline f;
              P.group f 1 (fun _ ->
                  P.string f L.default;
                  P.string f L.colon;
                  P.newline f;
                  statements false cxt f def))
  | String_switch (e, cc, def) ->
      P.string f L.switch;
      P.space f;
      let cxt = P.paren_group f 1 (fun _ -> expression ~level:0 cxt f e) in
      P.space f;
      P.brace_vgroup f 1 (fun _ ->
          let pp_as_value f (tag_type: Ast_untagged_variants.tag_type) =
            let e = E.tag_type tag_type in
            ignore @@ expression_desc cxt ~level:0 f e.expression_desc in
          let cxt = loop_case_clauses cxt f pp_as_value cc in
          match def with
          | None -> cxt
          | Some def ->
              P.newline f;
              P.group f 1 (fun _ ->
                  P.string f L.default;
                  P.string f L.colon;
                  P.newline f;
                  statements false cxt f def))
  | Throw e ->
      let e =
        match e.expression_desc with
        | Caml_block (el, _, _, ((Blk_extension | Blk_record_ext _) as ext)) ->
            { e with expression_desc = (exn_block_as_obj ~stack:true el ext).expression_desc }
        | exp -> { e with expression_desc = (exn_ref_as_obj exp).expression_desc }
      in
      P.string f L.throw;
      P.space f;
      P.group f 0 (fun _ ->
          let cxt = expression ~level:0 cxt f e in
          semi f;
          cxt)
  (* There must be a space between the return and its
     argument. A line return would not work *)
  | Try (b, ctch, fin) ->
      P.vgroup f 0 (fun _ ->
          P.string f L.try_;
          P.space f;
          let cxt = brace_block cxt f b in
          let cxt =
            match ctch with
            | None -> cxt
            | Some (i, b) ->
                P.string f " catch (";
                let cxt = Ext_pp_scope.ident cxt f i in
                P.string f ") ";
                brace_block cxt f b
          in
          match fin with
          | None -> cxt
          | Some b ->
              P.group f 1 (fun _ ->
                  P.string f L.finally;
                  P.space f;
                  brace_block cxt f b))
                  

and function_body ?directive (cxt : cxt) f ~return_unit (b : J.block) : unit =
  (match directive with 
  | None -> () 
  | Some directive -> 
    P.newline f;
    P.string f directive; P.string f ";";
    P.newline f);
  match b with
  | [] -> ()
  | [ s ] -> (
      match s.statement_desc with
      | If
          ( bool,
            then_,
            [ { statement_desc = Return { expression_desc = Undefined _ } } ] ) ->
          ignore
            (statement false cxt f
               { s with statement_desc = If (bool, then_, []) }
              : cxt)
      | Return { expression_desc = Undefined _ } -> ()
      | Return exp when return_unit ->
          ignore (statement false cxt f (S.exp exp) : cxt)
      | _ -> ignore (statement false cxt f s : cxt))
  | [ s; { statement_desc = Return { expression_desc = Undefined _ } } ] ->
      ignore (statement false cxt f s : cxt)
  | s :: r ->
      let cxt = statement false cxt f s in
      P.newline f;
      function_body cxt f r ~return_unit

and brace_block cxt f b =
  (* This one is for '{' *)
  P.brace_vgroup f 1 (fun _ -> statements false cxt f b)

(* main entry point *)
and statements top cxt f b =
  iter_lst cxt f b
    (fun cxt f s -> statement top cxt f s)
    (if top then P.at_least_two_lines else P.newline)

let string_of_block (block : J.block) =
  let buffer = Buffer.create 50 in
  let f = P.from_buffer buffer in
  let (_ : cxt) = statements true Ext_pp_scope.empty f block in
  P.flush f ();
  Buffer.contents buffer

let string_of_expression (e : J.expression) =
  let buffer = Buffer.create 50 in
  let f = P.from_buffer buffer in
  let (_ : cxt) = expression ~level:0 Ext_pp_scope.empty f e in
  P.flush f ();
  Buffer.contents buffer