client.go

/*
Copyright 2018 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package fake

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"reflect"
	"runtime/debug"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"

	/*
	  Stick with gopkg.in/evanphx/json-patch.v4 here to match
	  upstream Kubernetes code and avoid breaking changes introduced in v5.
	  - Kubernetes itself remains on json-patch v4 to avoid compatibility issues
	    tied to v5’s stricter RFC6902 compliance.
	  - The fake client code is adapted from client-go’s testing fixture, which also
	    relies on json-patch v4.
	  See:
	    https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/91622 (discussion of why K8s
	    stays on v4)
	    https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/120326 (v5.6.0+incompatible
	    missing a critical fix)
	*/
	jsonpatch "gopkg.in/evanphx/json-patch.v4"
	appsv1 "k8s.io/api/apps/v1"
	authenticationv1 "k8s.io/api/authentication/v1"
	autoscalingv1 "k8s.io/api/autoscaling/v1"
	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	policyv1 "k8s.io/api/policy/v1"
	policyv1beta1 "k8s.io/api/policy/v1beta1"
	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/meta"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/fields"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/labels"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
	utilrand "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/rand"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/strategicpatch"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/validation/field"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/watch"
	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/scheme"
	"k8s.io/client-go/testing"
	"k8s.io/utils/ptr"

	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/apiutil"
	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/interceptor"
	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/internal/field/selector"
	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/internal/objectutil"
)

type versionedTracker struct {
	testing.ObjectTracker
	scheme                *runtime.Scheme
	withStatusSubresource sets.Set[schema.GroupVersionKind]
}

type fakeClient struct {
	// trackerWriteLock must be acquired before writing to
	// the tracker or performing reads that affect a following
	// write.
	trackerWriteLock sync.Mutex
	tracker          versionedTracker

	schemeLock sync.RWMutex
	scheme     *runtime.Scheme

	restMapper            meta.RESTMapper
	withStatusSubresource sets.Set[schema.GroupVersionKind]

	// indexes maps each GroupVersionKind (GVK) to the indexes registered for that GVK.
	// The inner map maps from index name to IndexerFunc.
	indexes map[schema.GroupVersionKind]map[string]client.IndexerFunc
	// indexesLock must be held when accessing indexes.
	indexesLock sync.RWMutex
}

var _ client.WithWatch = &fakeClient{}

const (
	maxNameLength          = 63
	randomLength           = 5
	maxGeneratedNameLength = maxNameLength - randomLength

	subResourceScale = "scale"
)

// NewFakeClient creates a new fake client for testing.
// You can choose to initialize it with a slice of runtime.Object.
func NewFakeClient(initObjs ...runtime.Object) client.WithWatch {
	return NewClientBuilder().WithRuntimeObjects(initObjs...).Build()
}

// NewClientBuilder returns a new builder to create a fake client.
func NewClientBuilder() *ClientBuilder {
	return &ClientBuilder{}
}

// ClientBuilder builds a fake client.
type ClientBuilder struct {
	scheme                *runtime.Scheme
	restMapper            meta.RESTMapper
	initObject            []client.Object
	initLists             []client.ObjectList
	initRuntimeObjects    []runtime.Object
	withStatusSubresource []client.Object
	objectTracker         testing.ObjectTracker
	interceptorFuncs      *interceptor.Funcs

	// indexes maps each GroupVersionKind (GVK) to the indexes registered for that GVK.
	// The inner map maps from index name to IndexerFunc.
	indexes map[schema.GroupVersionKind]map[string]client.IndexerFunc
}

// WithScheme sets this builder's internal scheme.
// If not set, defaults to client-go's global scheme.Scheme.
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithScheme(scheme *runtime.Scheme) *ClientBuilder {
	f.scheme = scheme
	return f
}

// WithRESTMapper sets this builder's restMapper.
// The restMapper is directly set as mapper in the Client. This can be used for example
// with a meta.DefaultRESTMapper to provide a static rest mapping.
// If not set, defaults to an empty meta.DefaultRESTMapper.
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithRESTMapper(restMapper meta.RESTMapper) *ClientBuilder {
	f.restMapper = restMapper
	return f
}

// WithObjects can be optionally used to initialize this fake client with client.Object(s).
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithObjects(initObjs ...client.Object) *ClientBuilder {
	f.initObject = append(f.initObject, initObjs...)
	return f
}

// WithLists can be optionally used to initialize this fake client with client.ObjectList(s).
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithLists(initLists ...client.ObjectList) *ClientBuilder {
	f.initLists = append(f.initLists, initLists...)
	return f
}

// WithRuntimeObjects can be optionally used to initialize this fake client with runtime.Object(s).
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithRuntimeObjects(initRuntimeObjs ...runtime.Object) *ClientBuilder {
	f.initRuntimeObjects = append(f.initRuntimeObjects, initRuntimeObjs...)
	return f
}

// WithObjectTracker can be optionally used to initialize this fake client with testing.ObjectTracker.
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithObjectTracker(ot testing.ObjectTracker) *ClientBuilder {
	f.objectTracker = ot
	return f
}

// WithIndex can be optionally used to register an index with name `field` and indexer `extractValue`
// for API objects of the same GroupVersionKind (GVK) as `obj` in the fake client.
// It can be invoked multiple times, both with objects of the same GVK or different ones.
// Invoking WithIndex twice with the same `field` and GVK (via `obj`) arguments will panic.
// WithIndex retrieves the GVK of `obj` using the scheme registered via WithScheme if
// WithScheme was previously invoked, the default scheme otherwise.
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithIndex(obj runtime.Object, field string, extractValue client.IndexerFunc) *ClientBuilder {
	objScheme := f.scheme
	if objScheme == nil {
		objScheme = scheme.Scheme
	}

	gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, objScheme)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// If this is the first index being registered, we initialize the map storing all the indexes.
	if f.indexes == nil {
		f.indexes = make(map[schema.GroupVersionKind]map[string]client.IndexerFunc)
	}

	// If this is the first index being registered for the GroupVersionKind of `obj`, we initialize
	// the map storing the indexes for that GroupVersionKind.
	if f.indexes[gvk] == nil {
		f.indexes[gvk] = make(map[string]client.IndexerFunc)
	}

	if _, fieldAlreadyIndexed := f.indexes[gvk][field]; fieldAlreadyIndexed {
		panic(fmt.Errorf("indexer conflict: field %s for GroupVersionKind %v is already indexed",
			field, gvk))
	}

	f.indexes[gvk][field] = extractValue

	return f
}

// WithStatusSubresource configures the passed object with a status subresource, which means
// calls to Update and Patch will not alter its status.
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithStatusSubresource(o ...client.Object) *ClientBuilder {
	f.withStatusSubresource = append(f.withStatusSubresource, o...)
	return f
}

// WithInterceptorFuncs configures the client methods to be intercepted using the provided interceptor.Funcs.
func (f *ClientBuilder) WithInterceptorFuncs(interceptorFuncs interceptor.Funcs) *ClientBuilder {
	f.interceptorFuncs = &interceptorFuncs
	return f
}

// Build builds and returns a new fake client.
func (f *ClientBuilder) Build() client.WithWatch {
	if f.scheme == nil {
		f.scheme = scheme.Scheme
	}
	if f.restMapper == nil {
		f.restMapper = meta.NewDefaultRESTMapper([]schema.GroupVersion{})
	}

	var tracker versionedTracker

	withStatusSubResource := sets.New(inTreeResourcesWithStatus()...)
	for _, o := range f.withStatusSubresource {
		gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(o, f.scheme)
		if err != nil {
			panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to get gvk for object %T: %w", withStatusSubResource, err))
		}
		withStatusSubResource.Insert(gvk)
	}

	if f.objectTracker == nil {
		tracker = versionedTracker{ObjectTracker: testing.NewObjectTracker(f.scheme, scheme.Codecs.UniversalDecoder()), scheme: f.scheme, withStatusSubresource: withStatusSubResource}
	} else {
		tracker = versionedTracker{ObjectTracker: f.objectTracker, scheme: f.scheme, withStatusSubresource: withStatusSubResource}
	}

	for _, obj := range f.initObject {
		if err := tracker.Add(obj); err != nil {
			panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to add object %v to fake client: %w", obj, err))
		}
	}
	for _, obj := range f.initLists {
		if err := tracker.Add(obj); err != nil {
			panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to add list %v to fake client: %w", obj, err))
		}
	}
	for _, obj := range f.initRuntimeObjects {
		if err := tracker.Add(obj); err != nil {
			panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to add runtime object %v to fake client: %w", obj, err))
		}
	}

	var result client.WithWatch = &fakeClient{
		tracker:               tracker,
		scheme:                f.scheme,
		restMapper:            f.restMapper,
		indexes:               f.indexes,
		withStatusSubresource: withStatusSubResource,
	}

	if f.interceptorFuncs != nil {
		result = interceptor.NewClient(result, *f.interceptorFuncs)
	}

	return result
}

const trackerAddResourceVersion = "999"

func (t versionedTracker) Add(obj runtime.Object) error {
	var objects []runtime.Object
	if meta.IsListType(obj) {
		var err error
		objects, err = meta.ExtractList(obj)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	} else {
		objects = []runtime.Object{obj}
	}
	for _, obj := range objects {
		accessor, err := meta.Accessor(obj)
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get accessor for object: %w", err)
		}
		if accessor.GetDeletionTimestamp() != nil && len(accessor.GetFinalizers()) == 0 {
			return fmt.Errorf("refusing to create obj %s with metadata.deletionTimestamp but no finalizers", accessor.GetName())
		}
		if accessor.GetResourceVersion() == "" {
			// We use a "magic" value of 999 here because this field
			// is parsed as uint and and 0 is already used in Update.
			// As we can't go lower, go very high instead so this can
			// be recognized
			accessor.SetResourceVersion(trackerAddResourceVersion)
		}

		obj, err = convertFromUnstructuredIfNecessary(t.scheme, obj)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err := t.ObjectTracker.Add(obj); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func (t versionedTracker) Create(gvr schema.GroupVersionResource, obj runtime.Object, ns string, opts ...metav1.CreateOptions) error {
	accessor, err := meta.Accessor(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get accessor for object: %w", err)
	}
	if accessor.GetName() == "" {
		return apierrors.NewInvalid(
			obj.GetObjectKind().GroupVersionKind().GroupKind(),
			accessor.GetName(),
			field.ErrorList{field.Required(field.NewPath("metadata.name"), "name is required")})
	}
	if accessor.GetResourceVersion() != "" {
		return apierrors.NewBadRequest("resourceVersion can not be set for Create requests")
	}
	accessor.SetResourceVersion("1")
	obj, err = convertFromUnstructuredIfNecessary(t.scheme, obj)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := t.ObjectTracker.Create(gvr, obj, ns, opts...); err != nil {
		accessor.SetResourceVersion("")
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// convertFromUnstructuredIfNecessary will convert runtime.Unstructured for a GVK that is recognized
// by the schema into the whatever the schema produces with New() for said GVK.
// This is required because the tracker unconditionally saves on manipulations, but its List() implementation
// tries to assign whatever it finds into a ListType it gets from schema.New() - Thus we have to ensure
// we save as the very same type, otherwise subsequent List requests will fail.
func convertFromUnstructuredIfNecessary(s *runtime.Scheme, o runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
	u, isUnstructured := o.(runtime.Unstructured)
	if !isUnstructured {
		return o, nil
	}
	gvk := o.GetObjectKind().GroupVersionKind()
	if !s.Recognizes(gvk) {
		return o, nil
	}

	typed, err := s.New(gvk)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("scheme recognizes %s but failed to produce an object for it: %w", gvk, err)
	}

	unstructuredSerialized, err := json.Marshal(u)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to serialize %T: %w", unstructuredSerialized, err)
	}
	if err := json.Unmarshal(unstructuredSerialized, typed); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal the content of %T into %T: %w", u, typed, err)
	}

	return typed, nil
}

func (t versionedTracker) Update(gvr schema.GroupVersionResource, obj runtime.Object, ns string, opts ...metav1.UpdateOptions) error {
	updateOpts, err := getSingleOrZeroOptions(opts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return t.update(gvr, obj, ns, false, false, updateOpts)
}

func (t versionedTracker) update(gvr schema.GroupVersionResource, obj runtime.Object, ns string, isStatus, deleting bool, opts metav1.UpdateOptions) error {
	obj, err := t.updateObject(gvr, obj, ns, isStatus, deleting, opts.DryRun)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if obj == nil {
		return nil
	}

	return t.ObjectTracker.Update(gvr, obj, ns, opts)
}

func (t versionedTracker) Patch(gvr schema.GroupVersionResource, obj runtime.Object, ns string, opts ...metav1.PatchOptions) error {
	patchOptions, err := getSingleOrZeroOptions(opts)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	isStatus := false
	// We apply patches using a client-go reaction that ends up calling the trackers Patch. As we can't change
	// that reaction, we use the callstack to figure out if this originated from the status client.
	if bytes.Contains(debug.Stack(), []byte("sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/fake.(*fakeSubResourceClient).statusPatch")) {
		isStatus = true
	}

	obj, err = t.updateObject(gvr, obj, ns, isStatus, false, patchOptions.DryRun)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if obj == nil {
		return nil
	}

	return t.ObjectTracker.Patch(gvr, obj, ns, patchOptions)
}

func (t versionedTracker) updateObject(gvr schema.GroupVersionResource, obj runtime.Object, ns string, isStatus, deleting bool, dryRun []string) (runtime.Object, error) {
	accessor, err := meta.Accessor(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get accessor for object: %w", err)
	}

	if accessor.GetName() == "" {
		return nil, apierrors.NewInvalid(
			obj.GetObjectKind().GroupVersionKind().GroupKind(),
			accessor.GetName(),
			field.ErrorList{field.Required(field.NewPath("metadata.name"), "name is required")})
	}

	gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, t.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	oldObject, err := t.ObjectTracker.Get(gvr, ns, accessor.GetName())
	if err != nil {
		// If the resource is not found and the resource allows create on update, issue a
		// create instead.
		if apierrors.IsNotFound(err) && allowsCreateOnUpdate(gvk) {
			return nil, t.Create(gvr, obj, ns)
		}
		return nil, err
	}

	if t.withStatusSubresource.Has(gvk) {
		if isStatus { // copy everything but status and metadata.ResourceVersion from original object
			if err := copyStatusFrom(obj, oldObject); err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to copy non-status field for object with status subresouce: %w", err)
			}
			passedRV := accessor.GetResourceVersion()
			if err := copyFrom(oldObject, obj); err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to restore non-status fields: %w", err)
			}
			accessor.SetResourceVersion(passedRV)
		} else { // copy status from original object
			if err := copyStatusFrom(oldObject, obj); err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to copy the status for object with status subresource: %w", err)
			}
		}
	} else if isStatus {
		return nil, apierrors.NewNotFound(gvr.GroupResource(), accessor.GetName())
	}

	oldAccessor, err := meta.Accessor(oldObject)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// If the new object does not have the resource version set and it allows unconditional update,
	// default it to the resource version of the existing resource
	if accessor.GetResourceVersion() == "" {
		switch {
		case allowsUnconditionalUpdate(gvk):
			accessor.SetResourceVersion(oldAccessor.GetResourceVersion())
			// This is needed because if the patch explicitly sets the RV to null, the client-go reaction we use
			// to apply it and whose output we process here will have it unset. It is not clear why the Kubernetes
			// apiserver accepts such a patch, but it does so we just copy that behavior.
			// Kubernetes apiserver behavior can be checked like this:
			// `kubectl patch configmap foo --patch '{"metadata":{"annotations":{"foo":"bar"},"resourceVersion":null}}' -v=9`
		case bytes.
			Contains(debug.Stack(), []byte("sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/fake.(*fakeClient).Patch")):
			// We apply patches using a client-go reaction that ends up calling the trackers Update. As we can't change
			// that reaction, we use the callstack to figure out if this originated from the "fakeClient.Patch" func.
			accessor.SetResourceVersion(oldAccessor.GetResourceVersion())
		}
	}

	if accessor.GetResourceVersion() != oldAccessor.GetResourceVersion() {
		return nil, apierrors.NewConflict(gvr.GroupResource(), accessor.GetName(), errors.New("object was modified"))
	}
	if oldAccessor.GetResourceVersion() == "" {
		oldAccessor.SetResourceVersion("0")
	}
	intResourceVersion, err := strconv.ParseUint(oldAccessor.GetResourceVersion(), 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("can not convert resourceVersion %q to int: %w", oldAccessor.GetResourceVersion(), err)
	}
	intResourceVersion++
	accessor.SetResourceVersion(strconv.FormatUint(intResourceVersion, 10))

	if !deleting && !deletionTimestampEqual(accessor, oldAccessor) {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error: Unable to edit %s: metadata.deletionTimestamp field is immutable", accessor.GetName())
	}

	if !accessor.GetDeletionTimestamp().IsZero() && len(accessor.GetFinalizers()) == 0 {
		return nil, t.ObjectTracker.Delete(gvr, accessor.GetNamespace(), accessor.GetName(), metav1.DeleteOptions{DryRun: dryRun})
	}
	return convertFromUnstructuredIfNecessary(t.scheme, obj)
}

func (c *fakeClient) Get(ctx context.Context, key client.ObjectKey, obj client.Object, opts ...client.GetOption) error {
	c.schemeLock.RLock()
	defer c.schemeLock.RUnlock()
	gvr, err := getGVRFromObject(obj, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	o, err := c.tracker.Get(gvr, key.Namespace, key.Name)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	_, isUnstructured := obj.(runtime.Unstructured)
	_, isPartialObject := obj.(*metav1.PartialObjectMetadata)

	if isUnstructured || isPartialObject {
		gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, c.scheme)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		ta, err := meta.TypeAccessor(o)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		ta.SetKind(gvk.Kind)
		ta.SetAPIVersion(gvk.GroupVersion().String())
	}

	j, err := json.Marshal(o)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	zero(obj)
	return json.Unmarshal(j, obj)
}

func (c *fakeClient) Watch(ctx context.Context, list client.ObjectList, opts ...client.ListOption) (watch.Interface, error) {
	gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(list, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	gvk.Kind = strings.TrimSuffix(gvk.Kind, "List")

	listOpts := client.ListOptions{}
	listOpts.ApplyOptions(opts)

	gvr, _ := meta.UnsafeGuessKindToResource(gvk)
	return c.tracker.Watch(gvr, listOpts.Namespace)
}

func (c *fakeClient) List(ctx context.Context, obj client.ObjectList, opts ...client.ListOption) error {
	c.schemeLock.RLock()
	defer c.schemeLock.RUnlock()
	gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	originalKind := gvk.Kind

	gvk.Kind = strings.TrimSuffix(gvk.Kind, "List")

	if _, isUnstructuredList := obj.(runtime.Unstructured); isUnstructuredList && !c.scheme.Recognizes(gvk) {
		// We need to register the ListKind with UnstructuredList:
		// https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/7b2776b89fb1be28d4e9203bdeec079be903c103/staging/src/k8s.io/client-go/dynamic/fake/simple.go#L44-L51
		c.schemeLock.RUnlock()
		c.schemeLock.Lock()
		c.scheme.AddKnownTypeWithName(gvk.GroupVersion().WithKind(gvk.Kind+"List"), &unstructured.UnstructuredList{})
		c.schemeLock.Unlock()
		c.schemeLock.RLock()
	}

	listOpts := client.ListOptions{}
	listOpts.ApplyOptions(opts)

	gvr, _ := meta.UnsafeGuessKindToResource(gvk)
	o, err := c.tracker.List(gvr, gvk, listOpts.Namespace)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if _, isUnstructured := obj.(runtime.Unstructured); isUnstructured {
		ta, err := meta.TypeAccessor(o)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		ta.SetKind(originalKind)
		ta.SetAPIVersion(gvk.GroupVersion().String())
	}

	j, err := json.Marshal(o)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	zero(obj)
	objCopy := obj.DeepCopyObject().(client.ObjectList)
	if err := json.Unmarshal(j, objCopy); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if _, isUnstructured := obj.(runtime.Unstructured); isUnstructured {
		ta, err := meta.TypeAccessor(obj)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		ta.SetKind(originalKind)
		ta.SetAPIVersion(gvk.GroupVersion().String())
	}

	objs, err := meta.ExtractList(objCopy)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if listOpts.LabelSelector == nil && listOpts.FieldSelector == nil {
		return meta.SetList(obj, objs)
	}

	// If we're here, either a label or field selector are specified (or both), so before we return
	// the list we must filter it. If both selectors are set, they are ANDed.
	filteredList, err := c.filterList(objs, gvk, listOpts.LabelSelector, listOpts.FieldSelector)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return meta.SetList(obj, filteredList)
}

func (c *fakeClient) filterList(list []runtime.Object, gvk schema.GroupVersionKind, ls labels.Selector, fs fields.Selector) ([]runtime.Object, error) {
	// Filter the objects with the label selector
	filteredList := list
	if ls != nil {
		objsFilteredByLabel, err := objectutil.FilterWithLabels(list, ls)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		filteredList = objsFilteredByLabel
	}

	// Filter the result of the previous pass with the field selector
	if fs != nil {
		objsFilteredByField, err := c.filterWithFields(filteredList, gvk, fs)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		filteredList = objsFilteredByField
	}

	return filteredList, nil
}

func (c *fakeClient) filterWithFields(list []runtime.Object, gvk schema.GroupVersionKind, fs fields.Selector) ([]runtime.Object, error) {
	requiresExact := selector.RequiresExactMatch(fs)
	if !requiresExact {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf(`field selector %s is not in one of the two supported forms "key==val" or "key=val"`, fs)
	}

	c.indexesLock.RLock()
	defer c.indexesLock.RUnlock()
	// Field selection is mimicked via indexes, so there's no sane answer this function can give
	// if there are no indexes registered for the GroupVersionKind of the objects in the list.
	indexes := c.indexes[gvk]
	for _, req := range fs.Requirements() {
		if len(indexes) == 0 || indexes[req.Field] == nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("List on GroupVersionKind %v specifies selector on field %s, but no "+
				"index with name %s has been registered for GroupVersionKind %v", gvk, req.Field, req.Field, gvk)
		}
	}

	filteredList := make([]runtime.Object, 0, len(list))
	for _, obj := range list {
		matches := true
		for _, req := range fs.Requirements() {
			indexExtractor := indexes[req.Field]
			if !c.objMatchesFieldSelector(obj, indexExtractor, req.Value) {
				matches = false
				break
			}
		}
		if matches {
			filteredList = append(filteredList, obj)
		}
	}
	return filteredList, nil
}

func (c *fakeClient) objMatchesFieldSelector(o runtime.Object, extractIndex client.IndexerFunc, val string) bool {
	obj, isClientObject := o.(client.Object)
	if !isClientObject {
		panic(fmt.Errorf("expected object %v to be of type client.Object, but it's not", o))
	}

	for _, extractedVal := range extractIndex(obj) {
		if extractedVal == val {
			return true
		}
	}

	return false
}

func (c *fakeClient) Scheme() *runtime.Scheme {
	return c.scheme
}

func (c *fakeClient) RESTMapper() meta.RESTMapper {
	return c.restMapper
}

// GroupVersionKindFor returns the GroupVersionKind for the given object.
func (c *fakeClient) GroupVersionKindFor(obj runtime.Object) (schema.GroupVersionKind, error) {
	return apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, c.scheme)
}

// IsObjectNamespaced returns true if the GroupVersionKind of the object is namespaced.
func (c *fakeClient) IsObjectNamespaced(obj runtime.Object) (bool, error) {
	return apiutil.IsObjectNamespaced(obj, c.scheme, c.restMapper)
}

func (c *fakeClient) Create(ctx context.Context, obj client.Object, opts ...client.CreateOption) error {
	c.schemeLock.RLock()
	defer c.schemeLock.RUnlock()
	createOptions := &client.CreateOptions{}
	createOptions.ApplyOptions(opts)

	for _, dryRunOpt := range createOptions.DryRun {
		if dryRunOpt == metav1.DryRunAll {
			return nil
		}
	}

	gvr, err := getGVRFromObject(obj, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	accessor, err := meta.Accessor(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if accessor.GetName() == "" && accessor.GetGenerateName() != "" {
		base := accessor.GetGenerateName()
		if len(base) > maxGeneratedNameLength {
			base = base[:maxGeneratedNameLength]
		}
		accessor.SetName(fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", base, utilrand.String(randomLength)))
	}
	// Ignore attempts to set deletion timestamp
	if !accessor.GetDeletionTimestamp().IsZero() {
		accessor.SetDeletionTimestamp(nil)
	}

	c.trackerWriteLock.Lock()
	defer c.trackerWriteLock.Unlock()
	return c.tracker.Create(gvr, obj, accessor.GetNamespace())
}

func (c *fakeClient) Delete(ctx context.Context, obj client.Object, opts ...client.DeleteOption) error {
	c.schemeLock.RLock()
	defer c.schemeLock.RUnlock()
	gvr, err := getGVRFromObject(obj, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	accessor, err := meta.Accessor(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	delOptions := client.DeleteOptions{}
	delOptions.ApplyOptions(opts)

	for _, dryRunOpt := range delOptions.DryRun {
		if dryRunOpt == metav1.DryRunAll {
			return nil
		}
	}

	c.trackerWriteLock.Lock()
	defer c.trackerWriteLock.Unlock()
	// Check the ResourceVersion if that Precondition was specified.
	if delOptions.Preconditions != nil && delOptions.Preconditions.ResourceVersion != nil {
		name := accessor.GetName()
		dbObj, err := c.tracker.Get(gvr, accessor.GetNamespace(), name)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		oldAccessor, err := meta.Accessor(dbObj)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		actualRV := oldAccessor.GetResourceVersion()
		expectRV := *delOptions.Preconditions.ResourceVersion
		if actualRV != expectRV {
			msg := fmt.Sprintf(
				"the ResourceVersion in the precondition (%s) does not match the ResourceVersion in record (%s). "+
					"The object might have been modified",
				expectRV, actualRV)
			return apierrors.NewConflict(gvr.GroupResource(), name, errors.New(msg))
		}
	}

	return c.deleteObjectLocked(gvr, accessor)
}

func (c *fakeClient) DeleteAllOf(ctx context.Context, obj client.Object, opts ...client.DeleteAllOfOption) error {
	c.schemeLock.RLock()
	defer c.schemeLock.RUnlock()
	gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	dcOptions := client.DeleteAllOfOptions{}
	dcOptions.ApplyOptions(opts)

	for _, dryRunOpt := range dcOptions.DryRun {
		if dryRunOpt == metav1.DryRunAll {
			return nil
		}
	}

	c.trackerWriteLock.Lock()
	defer c.trackerWriteLock.Unlock()

	gvr, _ := meta.UnsafeGuessKindToResource(gvk)
	o, err := c.tracker.List(gvr, gvk, dcOptions.Namespace)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	objs, err := meta.ExtractList(o)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	filteredObjs, err := objectutil.FilterWithLabels(objs, dcOptions.LabelSelector)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	for _, o := range filteredObjs {
		accessor, err := meta.Accessor(o)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = c.deleteObjectLocked(gvr, accessor)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (c *fakeClient) Update(ctx context.Context, obj client.Object, opts ...client.UpdateOption) error {
	return c.update(obj, false, opts...)
}

func (c *fakeClient) update(obj client.Object, isStatus bool, opts ...client.UpdateOption) error {
	c.schemeLock.RLock()
	defer c.schemeLock.RUnlock()
	updateOptions := &client.UpdateOptions{}
	updateOptions.ApplyOptions(opts)

	for _, dryRunOpt := range updateOptions.DryRun {
		if dryRunOpt == metav1.DryRunAll {
			return nil
		}
	}

	gvr, err := getGVRFromObject(obj, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	accessor, err := meta.Accessor(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	c.trackerWriteLock.Lock()
	defer c.trackerWriteLock.Unlock()
	return c.tracker.update(gvr, obj, accessor.GetNamespace(), isStatus, false, *updateOptions.AsUpdateOptions())
}

func (c *fakeClient) Patch(ctx context.Context, obj client.Object, patch client.Patch, opts ...client.PatchOption) error {
	return c.patch(obj, patch, opts...)
}

func (c *fakeClient) patch(obj client.Object, patch client.Patch, opts ...client.PatchOption) error {
	c.schemeLock.RLock()
	defer c.schemeLock.RUnlock()
	patchOptions := &client.PatchOptions{}
	patchOptions.ApplyOptions(opts)

	for _, dryRunOpt := range patchOptions.DryRun {
		if dryRunOpt == metav1.DryRunAll {
			return nil
		}
	}

	gvr, err := getGVRFromObject(obj, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	accessor, err := meta.Accessor(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	data, err := patch.Data(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, c.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	c.trackerWriteLock.Lock()
	defer c.trackerWriteLock.Unlock()
	oldObj, err := c.tracker.Get(gvr, accessor.GetNamespace(), accessor.GetName())
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	oldAccessor, err := meta.Accessor(oldObj)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Apply patch without updating object.
	// To remain in accordance with the behavior of k8s api behavior,
	// a patch must not allow for changes to the deletionTimestamp of an object.
	// The reaction() function applies the patch to the object and calls Update(),
	// whereas dryPatch() replicates this behavior but skips the call to Update().
	// This ensures that the patch may be rejected if a deletionTimestamp is modified, prior
	// to updating the object.
	action := testing.NewPatchAction(gvr, accessor.GetNamespace(), accessor.GetName(), patch.Type(), data)
	o, err := dryPatch(action, c.tracker)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	newObj, err := meta.Accessor(o)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Validate that deletionTimestamp has not been changed
	if !deletionTimestampEqual(newObj, oldAccessor) {
		return fmt.Errorf("rejected patch, metadata.deletionTimestamp immutable")
	}

	reaction := testing.ObjectReaction(c.tracker)
	handled, o, err := reaction(action)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !handled {
		panic("tracker could not handle patch method")
	}

	if _, isUnstructured := obj.(runtime.Unstructured); isUnstructured {
		ta, err := meta.TypeAccessor(o)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		ta.SetKind(gvk.Kind)
		ta.SetAPIVersion(gvk.GroupVersion().String())
	}

	j, err := json.Marshal(o)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	zero(obj)
	return json.Unmarshal(j, obj)
}

// Applying a patch results in a deletionTimestamp that is truncated to the nearest second.
// Check that the diff between a new and old deletion timestamp is within a reasonable threshold
// to be considered unchanged.
func deletionTimestampEqual(newObj metav1.Object, obj metav1.Object) bool {
	newTime := newObj.GetDeletionTimestamp()
	oldTime := obj.GetDeletionTimestamp()

	if newTime == nil || oldTime == nil {
		return newTime == oldTime
	}
	return newTime.Time.Sub(oldTime.Time).Abs() < time.Second
}

// The behavior of applying the patch is pulled out into dryPatch(),
// which applies the patch and returns an object, but does not Update() the object.
// This function returns a patched runtime object that may then be validated before a call to Update() is executed.
// This results in some code duplication, but was found to be a cleaner alternative than unmarshalling and introspecting the patch data
// and easier than refactoring the k8s client-go method upstream.
// Duplicate of upstream: https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go/blob/783d0d33626e59d55d52bfd7696b775851f92107/testing/fixture.go#L146-L194
func dryPatch(action testing.PatchActionImpl, tracker testing.ObjectTracker) (runtime.Object, error) {
	ns := action.GetNamespace()
	gvr := action.GetResource()

	obj, err := tracker.Get(gvr, ns, action.GetName())
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	old, err := json.Marshal(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// reset the object in preparation to unmarshal, since unmarshal does not guarantee that fields
	// in obj that are removed by patch are cleared
	value := reflect.ValueOf(obj)
	value.Elem().Set(reflect.New(value.Type().Elem()).Elem())

	switch action.GetPatchType() {
	case types.JSONPatchType:
		patch, err := jsonpatch.DecodePatch(action.GetPatch())
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		modified, err := patch.Apply(old)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		if err = json.Unmarshal(modified, obj); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	case types.MergePatchType:
		modified, err := jsonpatch.MergePatch(old, action.GetPatch())
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		if err := json.Unmarshal(modified, obj); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	case types.StrategicMergePatchType:
		mergedByte, err := strategicpatch.StrategicMergePatch(old, action.GetPatch(), obj)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		if err = json.Unmarshal(mergedByte, obj); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	case types.ApplyPatchType:
		return nil, errors.New("apply patches are not supported in the fake client. Follow https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/115598 for the current status")
	case types.ApplyCBORPatchType:
		return nil, errors.New("apply CBOR patches are not supported in the fake client")
	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s PatchType is not supported", action.GetPatchType())
	}
	return obj, nil
}

// copyStatusFrom copies the status from old into new
func copyStatusFrom(old, n runtime.Object) error {
	oldMapStringAny, err := toMapStringAny(old)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to convert old to *unstructured.Unstructured: %w", err)
	}
	newMapStringAny, err := toMapStringAny(n)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to convert new to *unststructured.Unstructured: %w", err)
	}

	newMapStringAny["status"] = oldMapStringAny["status"]

	if err := fromMapStringAny(newMapStringAny, n); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to convert back from map[string]any: %w", err)
	}

	return nil
}

// copyFrom copies from old into new
func copyFrom(old, n runtime.Object) error {
	oldMapStringAny, err := toMapStringAny(old)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to convert old to *unstructured.Unstructured: %w", err)
	}
	if err := fromMapStringAny(oldMapStringAny, n); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to convert back from map[string]any: %w", err)
	}

	return nil
}

func toMapStringAny(obj runtime.Object) (map[string]any, error) {
	if unstructured, isUnstructured := obj.(*unstructured.Unstructured); isUnstructured {
		return unstructured.Object, nil
	}

	serialized, err := json.Marshal(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	u := map[string]any{}
	return u, json.Unmarshal(serialized, &u)
}

func fromMapStringAny(u map[string]any, target runtime.Object) error {
	if targetUnstructured, isUnstructured := target.(*unstructured.Unstructured); isUnstructured {
		targetUnstructured.Object = u
		return nil
	}

	serialized, err := json.Marshal(u)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to serialize: %w", err)
	}

	zero(target)
	if err := json.Unmarshal(serialized, &target); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to deserialize: %w", err)
	}

	return nil
}

func (c *fakeClient) Status() client.SubResourceWriter {
	return c.SubResource("status")
}

func (c *fakeClient) SubResource(subResource string) client.SubResourceClient {
	return &fakeSubResourceClient{client: c, subResource: subResource}
}

func (c *fakeClient) deleteObjectLocked(gvr schema.GroupVersionResource, accessor metav1.Object) error {
	old, err := c.tracker.Get(gvr, accessor.GetNamespace(), accessor.GetName())
	if err == nil {
		oldAccessor, err := meta.Accessor(old)
		if err == nil {
			if len(oldAccessor.GetFinalizers()) > 0 {
				now := metav1.Now()
				oldAccessor.SetDeletionTimestamp(&now)
				// Call update directly with mutability parameter set to true to allow
				// changes to deletionTimestamp
				return c.tracker.update(gvr, old, accessor.GetNamespace(), false, true, metav1.UpdateOptions{})
			}
		}
	}

	// TODO: implement propagation
	return c.tracker.Delete(gvr, accessor.GetNamespace(), accessor.GetName())
}

func getGVRFromObject(obj runtime.Object, scheme *runtime.Scheme) (schema.GroupVersionResource, error) {
	gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return schema.GroupVersionResource{}, err
	}
	gvr, _ := meta.UnsafeGuessKindToResource(gvk)
	return gvr, nil
}

type fakeSubResourceClient struct {
	client      *fakeClient
	subResource string
}

func (sw *fakeSubResourceClient) Get(ctx context.Context, obj, subResource client.Object, opts ...client.SubResourceGetOption) error {
	switch sw.subResource {
	case subResourceScale:
		// Actual client looks up resource, then extracts the scale sub-resource:
		// https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/fb6bbc9781d11a87688c398778525c4e1dcb0f08/pkg/registry/apps/deployment/storage/storage.go#L307
		if err := sw.client.Get(ctx, client.ObjectKeyFromObject(obj), obj); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		scale, isScale := subResource.(*autoscalingv1.Scale)
		if !isScale {
			return apierrors.NewBadRequest(fmt.Sprintf("expected Scale, got %T", subResource))
		}
		scaleOut, err := extractScale(obj)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		*scale = *scaleOut
		return nil
	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("fakeSubResourceClient does not support get for %s", sw.subResource)
	}
}

func (sw *fakeSubResourceClient) Create(ctx context.Context, obj client.Object, subResource client.Object, opts ...client.SubResourceCreateOption) error {
	switch sw.subResource {
	case "eviction":
		_, isEviction := subResource.(*policyv1beta1.Eviction)
		if !isEviction {
			_, isEviction = subResource.(*policyv1.Eviction)
		}
		if !isEviction {
			return apierrors.NewBadRequest(fmt.Sprintf("got invalid type %T, expected Eviction", subResource))
		}
		if _, isPod := obj.(*corev1.Pod); !isPod {
			return apierrors.NewNotFound(schema.GroupResource{}, "")
		}

		return sw.client.Delete(ctx, obj)
	case "token":
		tokenRequest, isTokenRequest := subResource.(*authenticationv1.TokenRequest)
		if !isTokenRequest {
			return apierrors.NewBadRequest(fmt.Sprintf("got invalid type %T, expected TokenRequest", subResource))
		}
		if _, isServiceAccount := obj.(*corev1.ServiceAccount); !isServiceAccount {
			return apierrors.NewNotFound(schema.GroupResource{}, "")
		}

		tokenRequest.Status.Token = "fake-token"
		tokenRequest.Status.ExpirationTimestamp = metav1.Date(6041, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)

		return sw.client.Get(ctx, client.ObjectKeyFromObject(obj), obj)
	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("fakeSubResourceWriter does not support create for %s", sw.subResource)
	}
}

func (sw *fakeSubResourceClient) Update(ctx context.Context, obj client.Object, opts ...client.SubResourceUpdateOption) error {
	updateOptions := client.SubResourceUpdateOptions{}
	updateOptions.ApplyOptions(opts)

	switch sw.subResource {
	case subResourceScale:
		if err := sw.client.Get(ctx, client.ObjectKeyFromObject(obj), obj.DeepCopyObject().(client.Object)); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if updateOptions.SubResourceBody == nil {
			return apierrors.NewBadRequest("missing SubResourceBody")
		}

		scale, isScale := updateOptions.SubResourceBody.(*autoscalingv1.Scale)
		if !isScale {
			return apierrors.NewBadRequest(fmt.Sprintf("expected Scale, got %T", updateOptions.SubResourceBody))
		}
		if err := applyScale(obj, scale); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return sw.client.update(obj, false, &updateOptions.UpdateOptions)
	default:
		body := obj
		if updateOptions.SubResourceBody != nil {
			body = updateOptions.SubResourceBody
		}
		return sw.client.update(body, true, &updateOptions.UpdateOptions)
	}
}

func (sw *fakeSubResourceClient) Patch(ctx context.Context, obj client.Object, patch client.Patch, opts ...client.SubResourcePatchOption) error {
	patchOptions := client.SubResourcePatchOptions{}
	patchOptions.ApplyOptions(opts)

	body := obj
	if patchOptions.SubResourceBody != nil {
		body = patchOptions.SubResourceBody
	}

	// this is necessary to identify that last call was made for status patch, through stack trace.
	if sw.subResource == "status" {
		return sw.statusPatch(body, patch, patchOptions)
	}

	return sw.client.patch(body, patch, &patchOptions.PatchOptions)
}

func (sw *fakeSubResourceClient) statusPatch(body client.Object, patch client.Patch, patchOptions client.SubResourcePatchOptions) error {
	return sw.client.patch(body, patch, &patchOptions.PatchOptions)
}

func allowsUnconditionalUpdate(gvk schema.GroupVersionKind) bool {
	switch gvk.Group {
	case "apps":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "ControllerRevision", "DaemonSet", "Deployment", "ReplicaSet", "StatefulSet":
			return true
		}
	case "autoscaling":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "HorizontalPodAutoscaler":
			return true
		}
	case "batch":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "CronJob", "Job":
			return true
		}
	case "certificates":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "Certificates":
			return true
		}
	case "flowcontrol":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "FlowSchema", "PriorityLevelConfiguration":
			return true
		}
	case "networking":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "Ingress", "IngressClass", "NetworkPolicy":
			return true
		}
	case "policy":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "PodSecurityPolicy":
			return true
		}
	case "rbac.authorization.k8s.io":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "ClusterRole", "ClusterRoleBinding", "Role", "RoleBinding":
			return true
		}
	case "scheduling":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "PriorityClass":
			return true
		}
	case "settings":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "PodPreset":
			return true
		}
	case "storage":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "StorageClass":
			return true
		}
	case "":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "ConfigMap", "Endpoint", "Event", "LimitRange", "Namespace", "Node",
			"PersistentVolume", "PersistentVolumeClaim", "Pod", "PodTemplate",
			"ReplicationController", "ResourceQuota", "Secret", "Service",
			"ServiceAccount", "EndpointSlice":
			return true
		}
	}

	return false
}

func allowsCreateOnUpdate(gvk schema.GroupVersionKind) bool {
	switch gvk.Group {
	case "coordination":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "Lease":
			return true
		}
	case "node":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "RuntimeClass":
			return true
		}
	case "rbac":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "ClusterRole", "ClusterRoleBinding", "Role", "RoleBinding":
			return true
		}
	case "":
		switch gvk.Kind {
		case "Endpoint", "Event", "LimitRange", "Service":
			return true
		}
	}

	return false
}

func inTreeResourcesWithStatus() []schema.GroupVersionKind {
	return []schema.GroupVersionKind{
		{Version: "v1", Kind: "Namespace"},
		{Version: "v1", Kind: "Node"},
		{Version: "v1", Kind: "PersistentVolumeClaim"},
		{Version: "v1", Kind: "PersistentVolume"},
		{Version: "v1", Kind: "Pod"},
		{Version: "v1", Kind: "ReplicationController"},
		{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},

		{Group: "apps", Version: "v1", Kind: "Deployment"},
		{Group: "apps", Version: "v1", Kind: "DaemonSet"},
		{Group: "apps", Version: "v1", Kind: "ReplicaSet"},
		{Group: "apps", Version: "v1", Kind: "StatefulSet"},

		{Group: "autoscaling", Version: "v1", Kind: "HorizontalPodAutoscaler"},

		{Group: "batch", Version: "v1", Kind: "CronJob"},
		{Group: "batch", Version: "v1", Kind: "Job"},

		{Group: "certificates.k8s.io", Version: "v1", Kind: "CertificateSigningRequest"},

		{Group: "networking.k8s.io", Version: "v1", Kind: "Ingress"},
		{Group: "networking.k8s.io", Version: "v1", Kind: "NetworkPolicy"},

		{Group: "policy", Version: "v1", Kind: "PodDisruptionBudget"},

		{Group: "storage.k8s.io", Version: "v1", Kind: "VolumeAttachment"},

		{Group: "apiextensions.k8s.io", Version: "v1", Kind: "CustomResourceDefinition"},

		{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta2", Kind: "FlowSchema"},
		{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1beta2", Kind: "PriorityLevelConfiguration"},
		{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1", Kind: "FlowSchema"},
		{Group: "flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io", Version: "v1", Kind: "PriorityLevelConfiguration"},
	}
}

// zero zeros the value of a pointer.
func zero(x interface{}) {
	if x == nil {
		return
	}
	res := reflect.ValueOf(x).Elem()
	res.Set(reflect.Zero(res.Type()))
}

// getSingleOrZeroOptions returns the single options value in the slice, its
// zero value if the slice is empty, or an error if the slice contains more than
// one option value.
func getSingleOrZeroOptions[T any](opts []T) (opt T, err error) {
	switch len(opts) {
	case 0:
	case 1:
		opt = opts[0]
	default:
		err = fmt.Errorf("expected single or no options value, got %d values", len(opts))
	}
	return
}

func extractScale(obj client.Object) (*autoscalingv1.Scale, error) {
	switch obj := obj.(type) {
	case *appsv1.Deployment:
		var replicas int32 = 1
		if obj.Spec.Replicas != nil {
			replicas = *obj.Spec.Replicas
		}
		var selector string
		if obj.Spec.Selector != nil {
			selector = obj.Spec.Selector.String()
		}
		return &autoscalingv1.Scale{
			ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
				Namespace:         obj.Namespace,
				Name:              obj.Name,
				UID:               obj.UID,
				ResourceVersion:   obj.ResourceVersion,
				CreationTimestamp: obj.CreationTimestamp,
			},
			Spec: autoscalingv1.ScaleSpec{
				Replicas: replicas,
			},
			Status: autoscalingv1.ScaleStatus{
				Replicas: obj.Status.Replicas,
				Selector: selector,
			},
		}, nil
	case *appsv1.ReplicaSet:
		var replicas int32 = 1
		if obj.Spec.Replicas != nil {
			replicas = *obj.Spec.Replicas
		}
		var selector string
		if obj.Spec.Selector != nil {
			selector = obj.Spec.Selector.String()
		}
		return &autoscalingv1.Scale{
			ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
				Namespace:         obj.Namespace,
				Name:              obj.Name,
				UID:               obj.UID,
				ResourceVersion:   obj.ResourceVersion,
				CreationTimestamp: obj.CreationTimestamp,
			},
			Spec: autoscalingv1.ScaleSpec{
				Replicas: replicas,
			},
			Status: autoscalingv1.ScaleStatus{
				Replicas: obj.Status.Replicas,
				Selector: selector,
			},
		}, nil
	case *corev1.ReplicationController:
		var replicas int32 = 1
		if obj.Spec.Replicas != nil {
			replicas = *obj.Spec.Replicas
		}
		return &autoscalingv1.Scale{
			ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
				Namespace:         obj.Namespace,
				Name:              obj.Name,
				UID:               obj.UID,
				ResourceVersion:   obj.ResourceVersion,
				CreationTimestamp: obj.CreationTimestamp,
			},
			Spec: autoscalingv1.ScaleSpec{
				Replicas: replicas,
			},
			Status: autoscalingv1.ScaleStatus{
				Replicas: obj.Status.Replicas,
				Selector: labels.Set(obj.Spec.Selector).String(),
			},
		}, nil
	case *appsv1.StatefulSet:
		var replicas int32 = 1
		if obj.Spec.Replicas != nil {
			replicas = *obj.Spec.Replicas
		}
		var selector string
		if obj.Spec.Selector != nil {
			selector = obj.Spec.Selector.String()
		}
		return &autoscalingv1.Scale{
			ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
				Namespace:         obj.Namespace,
				Name:              obj.Name,
				UID:               obj.UID,
				ResourceVersion:   obj.ResourceVersion,
				CreationTimestamp: obj.CreationTimestamp,
			},
			Spec: autoscalingv1.ScaleSpec{
				Replicas: replicas,
			},
			Status: autoscalingv1.ScaleStatus{
				Replicas: obj.Status.Replicas,
				Selector: selector,
			},
		}, nil
	default:
		// TODO: CRDs https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/custom-resource-definitions/#scale-subresource
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unimplemented scale subresource for resource %T", obj)
	}
}

func applyScale(obj client.Object, scale *autoscalingv1.Scale) error {
	switch obj := obj.(type) {
	case *appsv1.Deployment:
		obj.Spec.Replicas = ptr.To(scale.Spec.Replicas)
	case *appsv1.ReplicaSet:
		obj.Spec.Replicas = ptr.To(scale.Spec.Replicas)
	case *corev1.ReplicationController:
		obj.Spec.Replicas = ptr.To(scale.Spec.Replicas)
	case *appsv1.StatefulSet:
		obj.Spec.Replicas = ptr.To(scale.Spec.Replicas)
	default:
		// TODO: CRDs https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/custom-resource-definitions/#scale-subresource
		return fmt.Errorf("unimplemented scale subresource for resource %T", obj)
	}
	return nil
}

// AddIndex adds an index to a fake client. It will panic if used with a client that is not a fake client.
// It will error if there is already an index for given object with the same name as field.
//
// It can be used to test code that adds indexes to the cache at runtime.
func AddIndex(c client.Client, obj runtime.Object, field string, extractValue client.IndexerFunc) error {
	fakeClient, isFakeClient := c.(*fakeClient)
	if !isFakeClient {
		panic("AddIndex can only be used with a fake client")
	}
	fakeClient.indexesLock.Lock()
	defer fakeClient.indexesLock.Unlock()

	if fakeClient.indexes == nil {
		fakeClient.indexes = make(map[schema.GroupVersionKind]map[string]client.IndexerFunc, 1)
	}

	gvk, err := apiutil.GVKForObject(obj, fakeClient.scheme)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get gvk for %T: %w", obj, err)
	}

	if fakeClient.indexes[gvk] == nil {
		fakeClient.indexes[gvk] = make(map[string]client.IndexerFunc, 1)
	}

	if fakeClient.indexes[gvk][field] != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("index %s already exists", field)
	}

	fakeClient.indexes[gvk][field] = extractValue

	return nil
}