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feat: add solutions to lc problem: No.3214 (doocs#3234)
No.3214.Year on Year Growth Rate
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‎lcof2/剑指 Offer II 070. 排序数组中只出现一次的数字/README.md

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@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class Solution {
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func singleNonDuplicate(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int {
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var left = 0
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var right = nums.count - 1
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while left < right {
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let mid = (left + right) / 2
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if nums[mid] != nums[mid ^ 1] {
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left = mid + 1
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}
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}
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return nums[left]
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}
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}

‎solution/1800-1899/1823.Find the Winner of the Circular Game/Solution.rs

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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ impl Solution {
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if n == 1 {
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return 1;
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}
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let mut ans = (k + Solution::find_the_winner(n - 1, k)) % n;
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return if ans == 0 { n } else { ans };
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let mut ans = (k + Solution::find_the_winner(n - 1, k)) % n;
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return if ans == 0 { n } else { ans };
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}
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}

‎solution/3200-3299/3214.Year on Year Growth Rate/README.md

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---
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comments: true
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difficulty: 困难
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edit_url: https://github.com/doocs/leetcode/edit/main/solution/3200-3299/3214.Year%20on%20Year%20Growth%20Rate/README.md
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tags:
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- 数据库
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---
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<!-- problem:start -->
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# [3214. Year on Year Growth Rate 🔒](https://leetcode.cn/problems/year-on-year-growth-rate)
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[English Version](/solution/3200-3299/3214.Year%20on%20Year%20Growth%20Rate/README_EN.md)
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## 题目描述
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<!-- description:start -->
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<p>Table: <code>user_transactions</code></p>
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<pre>
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+------------------+----------+
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| Column Name | Type |
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+------------------+----------+
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| transaction_id | integer |
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| product_id | integer |
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| spend | decimal |
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| transaction_date | datetime |
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+------------------+----------+
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The transaction_id column uniquely identifies each row in this table.
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Each row of this table contains the transaction ID, product ID, the spend amount, and the transaction date.
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</pre>
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<p>Write a solution to calculate the <strong>year-on-year growth rate</strong> for the total spend <strong>for each product</strong>.</p>
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<p>The result table should include the following columns:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>year</code>: The year of the transaction.</li>
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<li><code>product_id</code>: The ID of the product.</li>
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<li><code>curr_year_spend</code>: The total spend for the current year.</li>
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<li><code>prev_year_spend</code>: The total spend for the previous year.</li>
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<li><code>yoy_rate</code>: The year-on-year growth rate percentage, rounded to <code>2</code> decimal places.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Return <em>the result table ordered by</em>&nbsp;<code>product_id</code>,<code>year</code> <em>in <strong>ascending</strong> order</em>.</p>
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<p>The result format is in the following example.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<p><strong class="example">Example:</strong></p>
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<div class="example-block">
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<p><strong>Input:</strong></p>
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<p><code>user_transactions</code> table:</p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+----------------+------------+---------+---------------------+
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| transaction_id | product_id | spend | transaction_date |
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+----------------+------------+---------+---------------------+
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| 1341 | 123424 | 1500.60 | 2019-12-31 12:00:00 |
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| 1423 | 123424 | 1000.20 | 2020-12-31 12:00:00 |
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| 1623 | 123424 | 1246.44 | 2021-12-31 12:00:00 |
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| 1322 | 123424 | 2145.32 | 2022-12-31 12:00:00 |
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+----------------+------------+---------+---------------------+
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Output:</strong></p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------+
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| year | product_id | curr_year_spend| prev_year_spend| yoy_rate |
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+------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------+
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| 2019 | 123424 | 1500.60 | NULL | NULL |
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| 2020 | 123424 | 1000.20 | 1500.60 | -33.35 |
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| 2021 | 123424 | 1246.44 | 1000.20 | 24.62 |
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| 2022 | 123424 | 2145.32 | 1246.44 | 72.12 |
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+------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------+
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>For product ID 123424:
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<ul>
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<li>In 2019:
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<ul>
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<li>Current year&#39;s spend is 1500.60</li>
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<li>No previous year&#39;s spend recorded</li>
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<li>YoY growth rate: NULL</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>In 2020:
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<ul>
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<li>Current year&#39;s spend is 1000.20</li>
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<li>Previous year&#39;s spend is 1500.60</li>
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<li>YoY growth rate: ((1000.20 - 1500.60) / 1500.60) * 100 = -33.35%</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>In 2021:
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<ul>
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<li>Current year&#39;s spend is 1246.44</li>
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<li>Previous year&#39;s spend is 1000.20</li>
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<li>YoY growth rate: ((1246.44 - 1000.20) / 1000.20) * 100 = 24.62%</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>In 2022:
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<ul>
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<li>Current year&#39;s spend is 2145.32</li>
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<li>Previous year&#39;s spend is 1246.44</li>
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<li>YoY growth rate: ((2145.32 - 1246.44) / 1246.44) * 100 = 72.12%</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Note:</strong> Output table is ordered by <code>product_id</code> and <code>year</code> in ascending order.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- description:end -->
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## 解法
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<!-- solution:start -->
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### 方法一：分组统计 + 窗口函数
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我们可以先按照年份和产品 ID 进行分组统计每个产品每年的总花费，记录在 `T` 表中。然后使用窗口函数 `LAG` 计算出上一年的总花费，记录在 `S` 表中。最后根据公式计算出年增长率。
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<!-- tabs:start -->
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#### MySQL
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```sql
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# Write your MySQL query statement below
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WITH
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T AS (
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SELECT YEAR(transaction_date) year, product_id, SUM(spend) tot_spend
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FROM user_transactions
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GROUP BY 1, 2
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),
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S AS (
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SELECT
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year,
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product_id,
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tot_spend curr_year_spend,
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LAG(tot_spend) OVER (
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PARTITION BY product_id
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ORDER BY year
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) prev_year_spend
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FROM T
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)
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SELECT
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*,
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ROUND((curr_year_spend - prev_year_spend) / prev_year_spend * 100, 2) yoy_rate
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FROM S;
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```
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<!-- tabs:end -->
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<!-- solution:end -->
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<!-- problem:end -->

‎solution/3200-3299/3214.Year on Year Growth Rate/README_EN.md

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---
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comments: true
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difficulty: Hard
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edit_url: https://github.com/doocs/leetcode/edit/main/solution/3200-3299/3214.Year%20on%20Year%20Growth%20Rate/README_EN.md
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tags:
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- Database
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---
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<!-- problem:start -->
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# [3214. Year on Year Growth Rate 🔒](https://leetcode.com/problems/year-on-year-growth-rate)
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[中文文档](/solution/3200-3299/3214.Year%20on%20Year%20Growth%20Rate/README.md)
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## Description
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<!-- description:start -->
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<p>Table: <code>user_transactions</code></p>
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<pre>
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+------------------+----------+
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| Column Name | Type |
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+------------------+----------+
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| transaction_id | integer |
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| product_id | integer |
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| spend | decimal |
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| transaction_date | datetime |
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+------------------+----------+
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The transaction_id column uniquely identifies each row in this table.
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Each row of this table contains the transaction ID, product ID, the spend amount, and the transaction date.
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</pre>
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<p>Write a solution to calculate the <strong>year-on-year growth rate</strong> for the total spend <strong>for each product</strong>.</p>
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<p>The result table should include the following columns:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>year</code>: The year of the transaction.</li>
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<li><code>product_id</code>: The ID of the product.</li>
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<li><code>curr_year_spend</code>: The total spend for the current year.</li>
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<li><code>prev_year_spend</code>: The total spend for the previous year.</li>
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<li><code>yoy_rate</code>: The year-on-year growth rate percentage, rounded to <code>2</code> decimal places.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Return <em>the result table ordered by</em>&nbsp;<code>product_id</code>,<code>year</code> <em>in <strong>ascending</strong> order</em>.</p>
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<p>The result format is in the following example.</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<p><strong class="example">Example:</strong></p>
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<div class="example-block">
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<p><strong>Input:</strong></p>
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<p><code>user_transactions</code> table:</p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+----------------+------------+---------+---------------------+
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| transaction_id | product_id | spend | transaction_date |
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+----------------+------------+---------+---------------------+
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| 1341 | 123424 | 1500.60 | 2019-12-31 12:00:00 |
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| 1423 | 123424 | 1000.20 | 2020-12-31 12:00:00 |
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| 1623 | 123424 | 1246.44 | 2021-12-31 12:00:00 |
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| 1322 | 123424 | 2145.32 | 2022-12-31 12:00:00 |
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+----------------+------------+---------+---------------------+
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Output:</strong></p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------+
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| year | product_id | curr_year_spend| prev_year_spend| yoy_rate |
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+------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------+
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| 2019 | 123424 | 1500.60 | NULL | NULL |
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| 2020 | 123424 | 1000.20 | 1500.60 | -33.35 |
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| 2021 | 123424 | 1246.44 | 1000.20 | 24.62 |
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| 2022 | 123424 | 2145.32 | 1246.44 | 72.12 |
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+------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------+
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>For product ID 123424:
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<ul>
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<li>In 2019:
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<ul>
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<li>Current year&#39;s spend is 1500.60</li>
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<li>No previous year&#39;s spend recorded</li>
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<li>YoY growth rate: NULL</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>In 2020:
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<ul>
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<li>Current year&#39;s spend is 1000.20</li>
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<li>Previous year&#39;s spend is 1500.60</li>
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<li>YoY growth rate: ((1000.20 - 1500.60) / 1500.60) * 100 = -33.35%</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>In 2021:
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<ul>
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<li>Current year&#39;s spend is 1246.44</li>
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<li>Previous year&#39;s spend is 1000.20</li>
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<li>YoY growth rate: ((1246.44 - 1000.20) / 1000.20) * 100 = 24.62%</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>In 2022:
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<ul>
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<li>Current year&#39;s spend is 2145.32</li>
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<li>Previous year&#39;s spend is 1246.44</li>
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<li>YoY growth rate: ((2145.32 - 1246.44) / 1246.44) * 100 = 72.12%</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Note:</strong> Output table is ordered by <code>product_id</code> and <code>year</code> in ascending order.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- description:end -->
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## Solutions
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<!-- solution:start -->
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### Solution 1: Grouping Statistics + Window Function
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We can first group by year and product ID to calculate the total cost of each product every year, recorded in table `T`. Then, use the window function `LAG` to calculate the total cost of the previous year, recorded in table `S`. Finally, calculate the annual growth rate based on the formula.
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<!-- tabs:start -->
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#### MySQL
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```sql
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# Write your MySQL query statement below
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WITH
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T AS (
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SELECT YEAR(transaction_date) year, product_id, SUM(spend) tot_spend
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FROM user_transactions
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GROUP BY 1, 2
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),
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S AS (
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SELECT
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year,
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product_id,
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tot_spend curr_year_spend,
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LAG(tot_spend) OVER (
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PARTITION BY product_id
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ORDER BY year
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) prev_year_spend
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FROM T
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)
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SELECT
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*,
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ROUND((curr_year_spend - prev_year_spend) / prev_year_spend * 100, 2) yoy_rate
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FROM S;
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```
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<!-- tabs:end -->
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<!-- solution:end -->
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<!-- problem:end -->

‎solution/3200-3299/3214.Year on Year Growth Rate/Solution.sql

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# Write your MySQL query statement below
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WITH
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T AS (
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SELECT YEAR(transaction_date) year, product_id, SUM(spend) tot_spend
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FROM user_transactions
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GROUP BY 1, 2
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),
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S AS (
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SELECT
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year,
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product_id,
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tot_spend curr_year_spend,
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LAG(tot_spend) OVER (
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PARTITION BY product_id
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ORDER BY year
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) prev_year_spend
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FROM T
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)
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SELECT
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*,
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ROUND((curr_year_spend - prev_year_spend) / prev_year_spend * 100, 2) yoy_rate
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FROM S;

‎solution/DATABASE_README.md

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| 3188 | [查找得分最高的学生 II](/solution/3100-3199/3188.Find%20Top%20Scoring%20Students%20II/README.md) | `数据库` | 困难 | 🔒 |
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| 3198 | [查找每个州的城市](/solution/3100-3199/3198.Find%20Cities%20in%20Each%20State/README.md) | `数据库` | 简单 | 🔒 |
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| 3204 | [按位用户权限分析](/solution/3200-3299/3204.Bitwise%20User%20Permissions%20Analysis/README.md) | `数据库` | 中等 | 🔒 |
289+
| 3214 | [Year on Year Growth Rate](/solution/3200-3299/3214.Year%20on%20Year%20Growth%20Rate/README.md) | `数据库` | 困难 | 🔒 |
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## 版权
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‎solution/DATABASE_README_EN.md

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@@ -284,6 +284,7 @@ Press <kbd>Control</kbd> + <kbd>F</kbd>(or <kbd>Command</kbd> + <kbd>F</kbd> on
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| 3188 | [Find Top Scoring Students II](/solution/3100-3199/3188.Find%20Top%20Scoring%20Students%20II/README_EN.md) | `Database` | Hard | 🔒 |
285285
| 3198 | [Find Cities in Each State](/solution/3100-3199/3198.Find%20Cities%20in%20Each%20State/README_EN.md) | `Database` | Easy | 🔒 |
286286
| 3204 | [Bitwise User Permissions Analysis](/solution/3200-3299/3204.Bitwise%20User%20Permissions%20Analysis/README_EN.md) | `Database` | Medium | 🔒 |
287+
| 3214 | [Year on Year Growth Rate](/solution/3200-3299/3214.Year%20on%20Year%20Growth%20Rate/README_EN.md) | `Database` | Hard | 🔒 |
287288

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## Copyright
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