[VPlan] Add VPDef class.

This patch introduces a new VPDef class, which can be used to
manage VPValues defined by recipes/VPInstructions.

The idea here is to mirror VPUser for values defined by a recipe. A
VPDef can produce either zero (e.g. a store recipe), one (most recipes)
or multiple (VPInterleaveRecipe) result VPValues.

To traverse the def-use chain from a VPDef to its users, one has to
traverse the users of all values defined by a VPDef.

VPValues now contain a pointer to their corresponding VPDef, if one
exists. To traverse the def-use chain upwards from a VPValue, we first
need to check if the VPValue is defined by a VPDef. If it does not have
a VPDef, this means we have a VPValue that is not directly defined
iniside the plan and we are done.

If we have a VPDef, it is defined inside the region by a recipe, which
is a VPUser, and the upwards def-use chain traversal continues by
traversing all its operands.

Note that we need to add an additional field to to VPVAlue to link them
to their defs. The space increase is going to be offset by being able to
remove the SubclassID field in future patches.

Reviewed By: Ayal

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D90558

Author: fhahn

llvm/docs/Proposals/VectorizationPlan.rst

@@ -154,6 +154,11 @@ The low-level design of VPlan comprises of the following classes.
   A VPUser represents an entity that uses a number of VPValues as operands.
   VPUser is similar in some aspects to LLVM's User class.
 
+:VPDef:
+  A VPDef represents an entity that defines zero, one or multiple VPValues.
+  It is used to model the fact that recipes in VPlan can define multiple
+  VPValues.
+
 :VPInstruction:
   A VPInstruction is both a VPRecipe and a VPUser. It models a single
   VPlan-level instruction to be generated if the VPlan is executed, including

llvm/lib/Transforms/Vectorize/VPlan.cpp

@@ -56,6 +56,18 @@ raw_ostream &llvm::operator<<(raw_ostream &OS, const VPValue &V) {
   return OS;
 }
 
+VPValue::VPValue(const unsigned char SC, Value *UV, VPDef *Def)
+    : SubclassID(SC), UnderlyingVal(UV), Def(Def) {
+  if (Def)
+    Def->addDefinedValue(this);
+}
+
+VPValue::~VPValue() {
+  assert(Users.empty() && "trying to delete a VPValue with remaining users");
+  if (Def)
+    Def->removeDefinedValue(this);
+}
+
 void VPValue::print(raw_ostream &OS, VPSlotTracker &SlotTracker) const {
   if (const VPInstruction *Instr = dyn_cast<VPInstruction>(this))
     Instr->print(OS, SlotTracker);

llvm/lib/Transforms/Vectorize/VPlanValue.h

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 /// This file contains the declarations of the entities induced by Vectorization
 /// Plans, e.g. the instructions the VPlan intends to generate if executed.
 /// VPlan models the following entities:
-/// VPValue   VPUser
+/// VPValue   VPUser   VPDef
 ///    |        |
 ///   VPInstruction
 /// These are documented in docs/VectorizationPlan.rst.
@@ -21,14 +21,17 @@
 #define LLVM_TRANSFORMS_VECTORIZE_VPLAN_VALUE_H
 
 #include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/TinyPtrVector.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/iterator_range.h"
 
 namespace llvm {
 
 // Forward declarations.
 class raw_ostream;
 class Value;
+class VPDef;
 class VPSlotTracker;
 class VPUser;
 class VPRecipeBase;
@@ -39,6 +42,7 @@ class VPRecipeBase;
 // and live-outs which the VPlan will need to fix accordingly.
 class VPValue {
   friend class VPBuilder;
+  friend class VPDef;
   friend struct VPlanTransforms;
   friend class VPBasicBlock;
   friend class VPInterleavedAccessInfo;
@@ -53,8 +57,11 @@ class VPValue {
   // Hold the underlying Value, if any, attached to this VPValue.
   Value *UnderlyingVal;
 
-  VPValue(const unsigned char SC, Value *UV = nullptr)
-      : SubclassID(SC), UnderlyingVal(UV) {}
+  /// Pointer to the VPDef that defines this VPValue. If it is nullptr, the
+  /// VPValue is not defined by any recipe modeled in VPlan.
+  VPDef *Def;
+
+  VPValue(const unsigned char SC, Value *UV = nullptr, VPDef *Def = nullptr);
 
   // DESIGN PRINCIPLE: Access to the underlying IR must be strictly limited to
   // the front-end and back-end of VPlan so that the middle-end is as
@@ -87,13 +94,12 @@ class VPValue {
     VPVWidenGEPSC
   };
 
-  VPValue(Value *UV = nullptr) : VPValue(VPValueSC, UV) {}
+  VPValue(Value *UV = nullptr, VPDef *Def = nullptr)
+      : VPValue(VPValueSC, UV, Def) {}
   VPValue(const VPValue &) = delete;
   VPValue &operator=(const VPValue &) = delete;
 
-  virtual ~VPValue() {
-    assert(Users.empty() && "trying to delete a VPValue with remaining users");
-  }
+  virtual ~VPValue();
 
   /// \return an ID for the concrete type of this object.
   /// This is used to implement the classof checks. This should not be used
@@ -152,6 +158,8 @@ class VPValue {
   }
 
   void replaceAllUsesWith(VPValue *New);
+
+  VPDef *getDef() { return Def; }
 };
 
 typedef DenseMap<Value *, VPValue *> Value2VPValueTy;
@@ -223,6 +231,65 @@ class VPUser {
   /// Method to support type inquiry through isa, cast, and dyn_cast.
   static inline bool classof(const VPRecipeBase *Recipe);
 };
+
+/// This class augments a recipe with a set of VPValues defined by the recipe.
+/// It allows recipes to define zero, one or multiple VPValues. A VPDef owns
+/// the VPValues it defines and is responsible for deleting its defined values.
+/// Single-value VPDefs that also inherit from VPValue must make sure to inherit
+/// from VPDef before VPValue.
+class VPDef {
+  friend class VPValue;
+
+  /// The VPValues defined by this VPDef.
+  TinyPtrVector<VPValue *> DefinedValues;
+
+  /// Add \p V as a defined value by this VPDef.
+  void addDefinedValue(VPValue *V) {
+    assert(V->getDef() == this &&
+           "can only add VPValue already linked with this VPDef");
+    DefinedValues.push_back(V);
+  }
+
+  /// Remove \p V from the values defined by this VPDef. \p V must be a defined
+  /// value of this VPDef.
+  void removeDefinedValue(VPValue *V) {
+    assert(V->getDef() == this &&
+           "can only remove VPValue linked with this VPDef");
+    assert(find(DefinedValues, V) != DefinedValues.end() &&
+           "VPValue to remove must be in DefinedValues");
+    erase_value(DefinedValues, V);
+    V->Def = nullptr;
+  }
+
+public:
+  virtual ~VPDef() {
+    for (VPValue *D : make_early_inc_range(DefinedValues)) {
+      assert(D->Def == this &&
+             "all defined VPValues should point to the containing VPDef");
+      assert(D->getNumUsers() == 0 &&
+             "all defined VPValues should have no more users");
+      D->Def = nullptr;
+      delete D;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Returns the VPValue with index \p I defined by the VPDef.
+  VPValue *getVPValue(unsigned I = 0) {
+    assert(DefinedValues[I] && "defined value must be non-null");
+    return DefinedValues[I];
+  }
+  const VPValue *getVPValue(unsigned I = 0) const {
+    assert(DefinedValues[I] && "defined value must be non-null");
+    return DefinedValues[I];
+  }
+
+  /// Returns an ArrayRef of the values defined by the VPDef.
+  ArrayRef<VPValue *> definedValues() { return DefinedValues; }
+
+  /// Returns the number of values defined by the VPDef.
+  unsigned getNumDefinedValues() const { return DefinedValues.size(); }
+};
+
 class VPlan;
 class VPBasicBlock;
 class VPRegionBlock;

llvm/unittests/Transforms/Vectorize/VPlanTest.cpp

@@ -521,5 +521,56 @@ TEST(VPRecipeTest, CastVPWidenMemoryInstructionRecipeToVPUser) {
   delete Load;
 }
 
+struct VPDoubleValueDef : public VPUser, public VPDef {
+  VPDoubleValueDef(ArrayRef<VPValue *> Operands) : VPUser(Operands), VPDef() {
+    new VPValue(nullptr, this);
+    new VPValue(nullptr, this);
+  }
+};
+
+TEST(VPDoubleValueDefTest, traverseUseLists) {
+  // Check that the def-use chains of a multi-def can be traversed in both
+  // directions.
+
+  // Create a new VPDef which defines 2 values and has 2 operands.
+  VPInstruction Op0(20, {});
+  VPInstruction Op1(30, {});
+  VPDoubleValueDef DoubleValueDef({&Op0, &Op1});
+
+  // Create a new users of the defined values.
+  VPInstruction I1(
+      1, {DoubleValueDef.getVPValue(0), DoubleValueDef.getVPValue(1)});
+  VPInstruction I2(2, {DoubleValueDef.getVPValue(0)});
+  VPInstruction I3(3, {DoubleValueDef.getVPValue(1)});
+
+  // Check operands of the VPDef (traversing upwards).
+  SmallVector<VPValue *, 4> DoubleOperands(DoubleValueDef.op_begin(),
+                                           DoubleValueDef.op_end());
+  EXPECT_EQ(2u, DoubleOperands.size());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&Op0, DoubleOperands[0]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&Op1, DoubleOperands[1]);
+
+  // Check users of the defined values (traversing downwards).
+  SmallVector<VPUser *, 4> DoubleValueDefV0Users(
+      DoubleValueDef.getVPValue(0)->user_begin(),
+      DoubleValueDef.getVPValue(0)->user_end());
+  EXPECT_EQ(2u, DoubleValueDefV0Users.size());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&I1, DoubleValueDefV0Users[0]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&I2, DoubleValueDefV0Users[1]);
+
+  SmallVector<VPUser *, 4> DoubleValueDefV1Users(
+      DoubleValueDef.getVPValue(1)->user_begin(),
+      DoubleValueDef.getVPValue(1)->user_end());
+  EXPECT_EQ(2u, DoubleValueDefV1Users.size());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&I1, DoubleValueDefV1Users[0]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&I3, DoubleValueDefV1Users[1]);
+
+  // Now check that we can get the right VPDef for each defined value.
+  EXPECT_EQ(&DoubleValueDef, I1.getOperand(0)->getDef());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&DoubleValueDef, I1.getOperand(1)->getDef());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&DoubleValueDef, I2.getOperand(0)->getDef());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&DoubleValueDef, I3.getOperand(0)->getDef());
+}
+
 } // namespace
 } // namespace llvm