# [706. 设计哈希映射](https://leetcode.cn/problems/design-hashmap) [English Version](/solution/0700-0799/0706.Design%20HashMap/README_EN.md) ## 题目描述 <!-- 这里写题目描述 --> <p>不使用任何内建的哈希表库设计一个哈希映射(HashMap)。</p> <p>实现 <code>MyHashMap</code> 类:</p> <ul> <li><code>MyHashMap()</code> 用空映射初始化对象</li> <li><code>void put(int key, int value)</code> 向 HashMap 插入一个键值对 <code>(key, value)</code> 。如果 <code>key</code> 已经存在于映射中,则更新其对应的值 <code>value</code> 。</li> <li><code>int get(int key)</code> 返回特定的 <code>key</code> 所映射的 <code>value</code> ;如果映射中不包含 <code>key</code> 的映射,返回 <code>-1</code> 。</li> <li><code>void remove(key)</code> 如果映射中存在 <code>key</code> 的映射,则移除 <code>key</code> 和它所对应的 <code>value</code> 。</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>示例:</strong></p> <pre> <strong>输入</strong>: ["MyHashMap", "put", "put", "get", "get", "put", "get", "remove", "get"] [[], [1, 1], [2, 2], [1], [3], [2, 1], [2], [2], [2]] <strong>输出</strong>: [null, null, null, 1, -1, null, 1, null, -1] <strong>解释</strong>: MyHashMap myHashMap = new MyHashMap(); myHashMap.put(1, 1); // myHashMap 现在为 [[1,1]] myHashMap.put(2, 2); // myHashMap 现在为 [[1,1], [2,2]] myHashMap.get(1); // 返回 1 ,myHashMap 现在为 [[1,1], [2,2]] myHashMap.get(3); // 返回 -1(未找到),myHashMap 现在为 [[1,1], [2,2]] myHashMap.put(2, 1); // myHashMap 现在为 [[1,1], [2,1]](更新已有的值) myHashMap.get(2); // 返回 1 ,myHashMap 现在为 [[1,1], [2,1]] myHashMap.remove(2); // 删除键为 2 的数据,myHashMap 现在为 [[1,1]] myHashMap.get(2); // 返回 -1(未找到),myHashMap 现在为 [[1,1]] </pre> <p> </p> <p><strong>提示:</strong></p> <ul> <li><code>0 <= key, value <= 10<sup>6</sup></code></li> <li>最多调用 <code>10<sup>4</sup></code> 次 <code>put</code>、<code>get</code> 和 <code>remove</code> 方法</li> </ul> ## 解法 ### 方法一:静态数组实现 直接创建一个大小为 $1000001$ 的数组,初始时数组中的每个元素都为 $-1$,表示哈希表中不存在该键值对。 调用 `put` 方法时,将数组中对应的位置赋值为 `value`;调用 `get` 方法时,返回数组中对应的位置的值;调用 `remove` 方法时,将数组中对应的位置赋值为 $-1$。 以上操作,时间复杂度均为 $O(1)$。 <!-- tabs:start --> ```python class MyHashMap: def __init__(self): self.data = [-1] * 1000001 def put(self, key: int, value: int) -> None: self.data[key] = value def get(self, key: int) -> int: return self.data[key] def remove(self, key: int) -> None: self.data[key] = -1 # Your MyHashMap object will be instantiated and called as such: # obj = MyHashMap() # obj.put(key,value) # param_2 = obj.get(key) # obj.remove(key) ``` ```java class MyHashMap { private int[] data = new int[1000001]; public MyHashMap() { Arrays.fill(data, -1); } public void put(int key, int value) { data[key] = value; } public int get(int key) { return data[key]; } public void remove(int key) { data[key] = -1; } } /** * Your MyHashMap object will be instantiated and called as such: * MyHashMap obj = new MyHashMap(); * obj.put(key,value); * int param_2 = obj.get(key); * obj.remove(key); */ ``` ```cpp class MyHashMap { public: int data[1000001]; MyHashMap() { memset(data, -1, sizeof data); } void put(int key, int value) { data[key] = value; } int get(int key) { return data[key]; } void remove(int key) { data[key] = -1; } }; /** * Your MyHashMap object will be instantiated and called as such: * MyHashMap* obj = new MyHashMap(); * obj->put(key,value); * int param_2 = obj->get(key); * obj->remove(key); */ ``` ```go type MyHashMap struct { data []int } func Constructor() MyHashMap { data := make([]int, 1000010) for i := range data { data[i] = -1 } return MyHashMap{data} } func (this *MyHashMap) Put(key int, value int) { this.data[key] = value } func (this *MyHashMap) Get(key int) int { return this.data[key] } func (this *MyHashMap) Remove(key int) { this.data[key] = -1 } /** * Your MyHashMap object will be instantiated and called as such: * obj := Constructor(); * obj.Put(key,value); * param_2 := obj.Get(key); * obj.Remove(key); */ ``` ```ts class MyHashMap { data: Array<number>; constructor() { this.data = new Array(10 ** 6 + 1).fill(-1); } put(key: number, value: number): void { this.data[key] = value; } get(key: number): number { return this.data[key]; } remove(key: number): void { this.data[key] = -1; } } /** * Your MyHashMap object will be instantiated and called as such: * var obj = new MyHashMap() * obj.put(key,value) * var param_2 = obj.get(key) * obj.remove(key) */ ``` <!-- tabs:end --> <!-- end -->