feat: update lc problems (#2242)

Author: yanglbme

solution/3000-3099/3006.Find Beautiful Indices in the Given Array I/README.md

@@ -59,4 +59,318 @@
 
 ## 解法
 
+### 方法一
+
+<!-- tabs:start -->
+
+```python
+class Solution:
+    def beautifulIndices(self, s: str, a: str, b: str, k: int) -> List[int]:
+        def build_prefix_function(pattern):
+            prefix_function = [0] * len(pattern)
+            j = 0
+            for i in range(1, len(pattern)):
+                while j > 0 and pattern[i] != pattern[j]:
+                    j = prefix_function[j - 1]
+                if pattern[i] == pattern[j]:
+                    j += 1
+                prefix_function[i] = j
+            return prefix_function
+
+        def kmp_search(pattern, text, prefix_function):
+            occurrences = []
+            j = 0
+            for i in range(len(text)):
+                while j > 0 and text[i] != pattern[j]:
+                    j = prefix_function[j - 1]
+                if text[i] == pattern[j]:
+                    j += 1
+                if j == len(pattern):
+                    occurrences.append(i - j + 1)
+                    j = prefix_function[j - 1]
+            return occurrences
+
+        prefix_a = build_prefix_function(a)
+        prefix_b = build_prefix_function(b)
+
+        resa = kmp_search(a, s, prefix_a)
+        resb = kmp_search(b, s, prefix_b)
+
+        res = []
+        print(resa, resb)
+        i = 0
+        j = 0
+        while i < len(resa):
+            while j < len(resb):
+                if abs(resb[j] - resa[i]) <= k:
+                    res.append(resa[i])
+                    break
+                elif j + 1 < len(resb) and abs(resb[j + 1] - resa[i]) < abs(
+                    resb[j] - resa[i]
+                ):
+                    j += 1
+                else:
+                    break
+            i += 1
+        return res
+```
+
+```java
+public class Solution {
+    public void computeLPS(String pattern, int[] lps) {
+        int M = pattern.length();
+        int len = 0;
+
+        lps[0] = 0;
+
+        int i = 1;
+        while (i < M) {
+            if (pattern.charAt(i) == pattern.charAt(len)) {
+                len++;
+                lps[i] = len;
+                i++;
+            } else {
+                if (len != 0) {
+                    len = lps[len - 1];
+                } else {
+                    lps[i] = 0;
+                    i++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public List<Integer> KMP_codestorywithMIK(String pat, String txt) {
+        int N = txt.length();
+        int M = pat.length();
+        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        int[] lps = new int[M];
+        computeLPS(pat, lps);
+
+        int i = 0; // Index for text
+        int j = 0; // Index for pattern
+
+        while (i < N) {
+            if (pat.charAt(j) == txt.charAt(i)) {
+                i++;
+                j++;
+            }
+
+            if (j == M) {
+                result.add(i - j); // Pattern found at index i-j+1 (If you have to return 1 Based
+                                   // indexing, that's why added + 1)
+                j = lps[j - 1];
+            } else if (i < N && pat.charAt(j) != txt.charAt(i)) {
+                if (j != 0) {
+                    j = lps[j - 1];
+                } else {
+                    i++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private int lowerBound(List<Integer> list, int target) {
+        int left = 0, right = list.size() - 1, result = list.size();
+
+        while (left <= right) {
+            int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
+
+            if (list.get(mid) >= target) {
+                result = mid;
+                right = mid - 1;
+            } else {
+                left = mid + 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public List<Integer> beautifulIndices(String s, String a, String b, int k) {
+        int n = s.length();
+
+        List<Integer> i_indices = KMP_codestorywithMIK(a, s);
+        List<Integer> j_indices = KMP_codestorywithMIK(b, s);
+
+        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (int i : i_indices) {
+
+            int left_limit = Math.max(0, i - k); // To avoid out of bound -> I used max(0, i-k)
+            int right_limit
+                = Math.min(n - 1, i + k); // To avoid out of bound -> I used min(n-1, i+k)
+
+            int lowerBoundIndex = lowerBound(j_indices, left_limit);
+
+            if (lowerBoundIndex < j_indices.size()
+                && j_indices.get(lowerBoundIndex) <= right_limit) {
+                result.add(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+```cpp
+class Solution {
+public:
+    vector<int> beautifulIndices(string s, string patternA, string patternB, int k) {
+        vector<int> beautifulIndicesA = kmpSearch(s, patternA);
+        vector<int> beautifulIndicesB = kmpSearch(s, patternB);
+
+        sort(beautifulIndicesB.begin(), beautifulIndicesB.end());
+
+        vector<int> result;
+        for (int indexA : beautifulIndicesA) {
+            int left = lower_bound(beautifulIndicesB.begin(), beautifulIndicesB.end(), indexA - k) - beautifulIndicesB.begin();
+            int right = lower_bound(beautifulIndicesB.begin(), beautifulIndicesB.end(), indexA + k + patternB.length()) - beautifulIndicesB.begin();
+
+            left = (left >= 0) ? left : -(left + 1);
+            right = (right >= 0) ? right : -(right + 1);
+
+            for (int indexB = left; indexB < right; indexB++) {
+                if (abs(beautifulIndicesB[indexB] - indexA) <= k) {
+                    result.push_back(indexA);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+private:
+    vector<int> kmpSearch(string text, string pattern) {
+        vector<int> indices;
+        vector<int> pi = computePrefixFunction(pattern);
+
+        int q = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) {
+            while (q > 0 && pattern[q] != text[i]) {
+                q = pi[q - 1];
+            }
+            if (pattern[q] == text[i]) {
+                q++;
+            }
+            if (q == pattern.length()) {
+                indices.push_back(i - q + 1);
+                q = pi[q - 1];
+            }
+        }
+
+        return indices;
+    }
+
+    vector<int> computePrefixFunction(string pattern) {
+        int m = pattern.length();
+        vector<int> pi(m, 0);
+        int k = 0;
+        for (int q = 1; q < m; q++) {
+            while (k > 0 && pattern[k] != pattern[q]) {
+                k = pi[k - 1];
+            }
+            if (pattern[k] == pattern[q]) {
+                k++;
+            }
+            pi[q] = k;
+        }
+        return pi;
+    }
+};
+```
+
+```go
+func beautifulIndices(s string, a string, b string, k int) []int {
+
+	s_len := len(s)
+	a_len := len(a)
+	b_len := len(b)
+
+	final := make([]int, 0)
+	lps_a := make([]int, a_len)
+	lps_b := make([]int, b_len)
+	a_index := make([]int, 0)
+	b_index := make([]int, 0)
+
+	var pat func(lps []int, s_l int, pattern string)
+
+	pat = func(lps []int, s_l int, pattern string) {
+
+		l := 0
+		lps[0] = 0
+		i := 1
+
+		for i < s_l {
+			if pattern[i] == pattern[l] {
+				l++
+				lps[i] = l
+				i++
+			} else {
+				if l != 0 {
+					l = lps[l-1]
+				} else {
+					lps[i] = l
+					i++
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	pat(lps_a, a_len, a)
+	pat(lps_b, b_len, b)
+
+	var kmp func(pat string, pat_l int, lps []int, index *[]int)
+
+	kmp = func(pat string, pat_l int, lps []int, index *[]int) {
+		i := 0
+		j := 0
+		for s_len-i >= pat_l-j {
+			if s[i] == pat[j] {
+				i++
+				j++
+			}
+			if j == pat_l {
+				*index = append(*index, i-pat_l)
+				j = lps[j-1]
+			} else if s[i] != pat[j] {
+				if j != 0 {
+					j = lps[j-1]
+				} else {
+					i++
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	kmp(a, a_len, lps_a, &a_index)
+	kmp(b, b_len, lps_b, &b_index)
+
+	// fmt.Println(a_index, b_index)
+
+	i := 0
+	j := 0
+
+	for i < len(a_index) && j < len(b_index) {
+		if a_index[i]+k >= b_index[j] && a_index[i]-k <= b_index[j] {
+			final = append(final, a_index[i])
+			i++
+		} else if a_index[i]-k > b_index[j] {
+			j++
+		} else {
+			i++
+		}
+	}
+
+	return final
+}
+```
+
+<!-- tabs:end -->
+
 <!-- end -->