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English Version

题目描述

编写一个算法来判断一个数 n 是不是快乐数。

「快乐数」 定义为:

  • 对于一个正整数,每一次将该数替换为它每个位置上的数字的平方和。
  • 然后重复这个过程直到这个数变为 1,也可能是 无限循环 但始终变不到 1。
  • 如果这个过程 结果为 1,那么这个数就是快乐数。

如果 n快乐数 就返回 true ;不是,则返回 false

 

示例 1:

输入:n = 19
输出:true
解释:
12 + 92 = 82
82 + 22 = 68
62 + 82 = 100
12 + 02 + 02 = 1

示例 2:

输入:n = 2
输出:false

 

提示:

  • 1 <= n <= 231 - 1

解法

简单模拟,有可能进入死循环导致无法停止,有几种方式解决:

  • 哈希表:转换过程不会重复出现同一个数字。
  • 限制转换次数:在一定次数转换后还未成功变为 1,那么就断言此数不是快乐数。
  • 快慢指针:与判断链表是否存在环原理一致。

Python3

class Solution:
    def isHappy(self, n: int) -> bool:
        def get_next(n):
            s = 0
            while n > 0:
                n, digit = divmod(n, 10)
                s += digit**2
            return s

        visited = set()
        while n != 1 and n not in visited:
            visited.add(n)
            n = get_next(n)
        return n == 1

Java

class Solution {
    public boolean isHappy(int n) {
        Set<Integer> visited = new HashSet<>();
        while (n != 1 && !visited.contains(n)) {
            visited.add(n);
            n = getNext(n);
        }
        return n == 1;
    }

    private int getNext(int n) {
        int s = 0;
        while (n > 0) {
            int digit = n % 10;
            s += digit * digit;
            n /= 10;
        }
        return s;
    }
}

C++

class Solution {
public:
    bool isHappy(int n) {
        auto getNext = [](int n) {
            int res = 0;
            while (n) {
                res += pow(n % 10, 2);
                n /= 10;
            }
            return res;
        };
        int slow = n;
        int fast = getNext(n);
        while (slow != fast) {
            slow = getNext(slow);
            fast = getNext(getNext(fast));
        }
        return slow == 1;
    }
};

Go

func isHappy(n int) bool {
	m := make(map[int]bool)
	for n != 1 && !m[n] {
		n, m[n] = getSum(n), true
	}
	return n == 1
}

func getSum(n int) (sum int) {
	for n > 0 {
		sum += (n % 10) * (n % 10)
		n = n / 10
	}
	return
}

TypeScript

function isHappy(n: number): boolean {
    const getNext = (n: number) => {
        let res = 0;
        while (n !== 0) {
            res += (n % 10) ** 2;
            n = Math.floor(n / 10);
        }
        return res;
    };
    const set = new Set();
    while (n !== 1) {
        const next = getNext(n);
        if (set.has(next)) {
            return false;
        }
        set.add(next);
        n = next;
    }
    return true;
}
function isHappy(n: number): boolean {
    const getNext = (n: number) => {
        let res = 0;
        while (n !== 0) {
            res += (n % 10) ** 2;
            n = Math.floor(n / 10);
        }
        return res;
    };

    let slow = n;
    let fast = getNext(n);
    while (slow !== fast) {
        slow = getNext(slow);
        fast = getNext(getNext(fast));
    }
    return fast === 1;
}

Rust

use std::collections::HashSet;
impl Solution {
    fn get_next(mut n: i32) -> i32 {
        let mut res = 0;
        while n != 0 {
            res += (n % 10).pow(2);
            n /= 10;
        }
        res
    }

    pub fn is_happy(mut n: i32) -> bool {
        let mut set = HashSet::new();
        while n != 1 {
            let next = Self::get_next(n);
            if set.contains(&next) {
                return false;
            }
            set.insert(next);
            n = next;
        }
        true
    }
}
impl Solution {
    pub fn is_happy(n: i32) -> bool {
        let get_next = |mut n: i32| {
            let mut res = 0;
            while n != 0 {
                res += (n % 10).pow(2);
                n /= 10;
            }
            res
        };
        let mut slow = n;
        let mut fast = get_next(n);
        while slow != fast {
            slow = get_next(slow);
            fast = get_next(get_next(fast));
        }
        slow == 1
    }
}

C

int getNext(int n) {
    int res = 0;
    while (n) {
        res += (n % 10) * (n % 10);
        n /= 10;
    }
    return res;
}

bool isHappy(int n) {
    int slow = n;
    int fast = getNext(n);
    while (slow != fast) {
        slow = getNext(slow);
        fast = getNext(getNext(fast));
    }
    return fast == 1;
}

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