added basic syntax, data types, strings, lists

Author: srinibasbiswal

basic_syntax.py

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+# "#" is used for single line comments
+
+'''
+used to write multiline comment
+this is a multiline comment
+
+'''
+
+# basic print statement
+print ("Hello Codex!") #printing a string
+print (25)             #printing a integer
+print (50.2)            #printing a decimal
+
+
+# taking input and store it in variable
+var1 = int(input("Enter the number"))
+print (var1)
+
+var2 = input ("Enter the string")
+print (var2)
+
+var3 = float(input("Enter a decimal value"))
+print (var3)

data_types.py

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+'''
+    There are mainly 5 categories of data type: Numbers, Strings, Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries
+'''
+
+#assigning value to variables
+
+x = 25          # integer type
+y = 50.25       # floating type
+name = "codex"  # string type
+
+print (x)
+print (y)
+print (name)
+
+# to know which data type the variables are use predefined function type()
+# print (type(variable_name))
+
+print ("variable x is",type(x))
+print ("variable y is",type(y))
+print ("variable name is",type(name))

lists.py

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+# Diving into lists
+
+#initializing a empty list
+l1 = []
+print (l1)
+
+l2 = [1,2,3,4,5]                    # list with number datatype
+l3 = ["codex" , "iter" , "python"]  # list with string datatype
+l4 = ["codex" , 25 , 50.25 , "iter"] # list with different datatype
+
+print (l2)
+print (l3)
+print (l4)
+
+
+# updating value of lists
+list = [10 , 20 , 30 , 40 , 50]
+print ("Before Updation: \n",list)
+list[2] = 100       # the 2nd index i.e, 3rd element of the list will beupdated to 100
+print ("After updation: \n",list)
+del( list[2])       #deletes the 2nd index, i.e, the 3rd element of the list
+print("After deleting: \n",list)
+list.append(60)     #add the value 60 at the end of the list
+print("After appending list:\n",list)
+
+
+# printing lists
+print (list)         #prints the whole list
+print (list[2])      #prints the 2nd index ,i.e, the 3rd element of the list
+print (list[1:3])    #prints the list value from 2nd value to 4th
+print (list[::-1])   #prints the list in reverse order
+print (list[-1])     #prints the last element when the index goes -ve. it will go from backward
+

strings.py

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+# Diving into string type data type
+name = "CODEX"
+print (name)            # prints the whole string
+print (name[1])         # prints the character os specific index, here "O"
+print (name[1:3])       # prints the string from 1st index to 3rd i.e, 2nd character to 4th
+print (name[1:])        # prints the whole string from 1st index i.e, 2nd character to last
+print (name*2)          # prints the string 2 times
+print (name + " ITER")  # prints the string along with the added string
+print (name[::-1])      # prints the string in reversed order
+print ("The String is",name,"ITER") #printing the string along with other string
+
+# printing sentences
+# '\t' : to give tabs
+# '\n' : next line
+long_string = "\n\nLorem \t ipsum \t dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. \n Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.\n Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum."
+print (long_string)
+
+#another way to write long paragraphs in multi line
+long_string = """\n\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. 
+Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. 
+Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.\n\n"""
+print (long_string)
+
+
+# some other useful built-in string methods
+print (name.capitalize())  # capitalizes first letter of string
+print (name.upper())       # converts all lowercase letters in string to uppercase
+print (name.lower())       # converts all uppercase letters in string to lowercase
+print (len(name))         # prints the length of the string
+