ReflectHelper.cs

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;
using log4net;
using NHibernate.Properties;
using NHibernate.Type;
using NHibernate.Engine;

namespace NHibernate.Util
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Helper class for Reflection related code.
    /// </summary>
    public static class ReflectHelper
    {
        private static readonly ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(ReflectHelper));

        public const BindingFlags AnyVisibilityInstance = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public |
                                                           BindingFlags.NonPublic;

        private static readonly System.Type[] NoClasses = System.Type.EmptyTypes;

        private static readonly MethodInfo Exception_InternalPreserveStackTrace =
            typeof(Exception).GetMethod("InternalPreserveStackTrace", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);

        /// <summary>
        /// Determine if the specified <see cref="System.Type"/> overrides the
        /// implementation of Equals from <see cref="Object"/>
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="clazz">The <see cref="System.Type"/> to reflect.</param>
        /// <returns><see langword="true" /> if any type in the hierarchy overrides Equals(object).</returns>
        public static bool OverridesEquals(System.Type clazz)
        {
            return OverrideMethod(clazz, "Equals", new[] { typeof(object) });
        }

        private static bool OverrideMethod(System.Type clazz, string methodName, System.Type[] parametersTypes)
        {
            try
            {
                MethodInfo method = !clazz.IsInterface
                                        ? clazz.GetMethod(methodName, parametersTypes)
                                        : GetMethodFromInterface(clazz, methodName, parametersTypes);
                if (method == null)
                {
                    return false;
                }
                else
                {
                    // make sure that the DeclaringType is not System.Object - if that is the
                    // declaring type then there is no override.
                    return !method.DeclaringType.Equals(typeof(object));
                }
            }
            catch (AmbiguousMatchException)
            {
                // an ambigious match means that there is an override and it
                // can't determine which one to use.
                return true;
            }
        }

        private static MethodInfo GetMethodFromInterface(System.Type type, string methodName, System.Type[] parametersTypes)
        {
            const BindingFlags flags = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly;
            if (type == null)
            {
                return null;
            }
            MethodInfo method = type.GetMethod(methodName, flags, null, parametersTypes, null);
            if (method == null)
            {
                System.Type[] interfaces = type.GetInterfaces();
                foreach (var @interface in interfaces)
                {
                    method = GetMethodFromInterface(@interface, methodName, parametersTypes);
                    if (method != null)
                    {
                        return method;
                    }
                }
            }
            return method;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determine if the specified <see cref="System.Type"/> overrides the
        /// implementation of GetHashCode from <see cref="Object"/>
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="clazz">The <see cref="System.Type"/> to reflect.</param>
        /// <returns><see langword="true" /> if any type in the hierarchy overrides GetHashCode().</returns>
        public static bool OverridesGetHashCode(System.Type clazz)
        {
            return OverrideMethod(clazz, "GetHashCode", System.Type.EmptyTypes);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Finds the <see cref="IGetter"/> for the property in the <see cref="System.Type"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="theClass">The <see cref="System.Type"/> to find the property in.</param>
        /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the Property to find.</param>
        /// <param name="propertyAccessorName">The name of the property access strategy.</param>
        /// <returns>The <see cref="IGetter"/> to get the value of the Property.</returns>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This one takes a propertyAccessor name as we might know the correct strategy by now so we avoid Exceptions which are costly
        /// </remarks>
        public static IGetter GetGetter(System.Type theClass, string propertyName, string propertyAccessorName)
        {
            return PropertyAccessorFactory
                .GetPropertyAccessor(propertyAccessorName)
                .GetGetter(theClass, propertyName);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get the NHibernate <see cref="IType" /> for the named property of the <see cref="System.Type"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="theClass">The <see cref="System.Type"/> to find the Property in.</param>
        /// <param name="name">The name of the property/field to find in the class.</param>
        /// <param name="access">The name of the property accessor for the property.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The NHibernate <see cref="IType"/> for the named property.
        /// </returns>
        public static IType ReflectedPropertyType(System.Type theClass, string name, string access)
        {
            System.Type propertyClass = ReflectedPropertyClass(theClass, name, access);

            System.Type heuristicClass = propertyClass;

            if (propertyClass.IsGenericType
                && propertyClass.GetGenericTypeDefinition().Equals(typeof(Nullable<>)))
            {
                heuristicClass = propertyClass.GetGenericArguments()[0];
            }

            return TypeFactory.HeuristicType(heuristicClass.AssemblyQualifiedName);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get the <see cref="System.Type" /> for the named property of a type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="theClass">The <see cref="System.Type"/> to find the property in.</param>
        /// <param name="name">The name of the property/field to find in the class.</param>
        /// <param name="access">The name of the property accessor for the property.</param>
        /// <returns>The <see cref="System.Type" /> for the named property.</returns>
        public static System.Type ReflectedPropertyClass(System.Type theClass, string name, string access)
        {
            return GetGetter(theClass, name, access).ReturnType;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get the <see cref="System.Type" /> for the named property of a type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="className">The FullName to find the property in.</param>
        /// <param name="name">The name of the property/field to find in the class.</param>
        /// <param name="accessorName">The name of the property accessor for the property.</param>
        /// <returns>The <see cref="System.Type" /> for the named property.</returns>
        public static System.Type ReflectedPropertyClass(string className, string name, string accessorName)
        {
            try
            {
                System.Type clazz = ClassForName(className);
                return GetGetter(clazz, name, accessorName).ReturnType;
            }
            catch (Exception cnfe)
            {
                throw new MappingException(string.Format("class {0} not found while looking for property: {1}", className, name), cnfe);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a reference to the Type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">The name of the class or a fully qualified name.</param>
        /// <returns>The Type for the Class.</returns>
        public static System.Type ClassForName(string name)
        {
            AssemblyQualifiedTypeName parsedName = TypeNameParser.Parse(name);
            System.Type result = TypeFromAssembly(parsedName, true);
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Load a System.Type given is't name.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="classFullName">The class FullName or AssemblyQualifiedName</param>
        /// <returns>The System.Type</returns>
        /// <remarks>
        /// If the <paramref name="classFullName"/> don't represent an <see cref="System.Type.AssemblyQualifiedName"/>
        /// the method try to find the System.Type scanning all Assemblies of the <see cref="AppDomain.CurrentDomain"/>.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <exception cref="TypeLoadException">If no System.Type was found for <paramref name="classFullName"/>.</exception>
        public static System.Type ClassForFullName(string classFullName)
        {
            System.Type result = null;
            AssemblyQualifiedTypeName parsedName = TypeNameParser.Parse(classFullName);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(parsedName.Assembly))
            {
                result = TypeFromAssembly(parsedName, false);
            }
            else
            {
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(classFullName))
                {
                    Assembly[] ass = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
                    foreach (Assembly a in ass)
                    {
                        result = a.GetType(classFullName, false, false);
                        if (result != null)
                            break; //<<<<<================
                    }
                }
            }
            if (result == null)
            {
                string message = "Could not load type " + classFullName + ". Possible cause: the assembly was not loaded or not specified.";
                throw new TypeLoadException(message);
            }

            return result;
        }

        public static System.Type TypeFromAssembly(string type, string assembly, bool throwIfError)
        {
            return TypeFromAssembly(new AssemblyQualifiedTypeName(type, assembly), throwIfError);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a <see cref="System.Type"/> from an already loaded Assembly or an
        /// Assembly that is loaded with a partial name.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">An <see cref="AssemblyQualifiedTypeName" />.</param>
        /// <param name="throwOnError"><see langword="true" /> if an exception should be thrown
        /// in case of an error, <see langword="false" /> otherwise.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// A <see cref="System.Type"/> object that represents the specified type,
        /// or <see langword="null" /> if the type cannot be loaded.
        /// </returns>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Attempts to get a reference to the type from an already loaded assembly.  If the 
        /// type cannot be found then the assembly is loaded using
        /// <see cref="Assembly.Load(string)" />.
        /// </remarks>
        public static System.Type TypeFromAssembly(AssemblyQualifiedTypeName name, bool throwOnError)
        {
            try
            {
                // Try to get the type from an already loaded assembly
                System.Type type = System.Type.GetType(name.ToString());

                if (type != null)
                {
                    return type;
                }

                if (name.Assembly == null)
                {
                    // No assembly was specified for the type, so just fail
                    string message = "Could not load type " + name + ". Possible cause: no assembly name specified.";
                    log.Warn(message);
                    if (throwOnError) throw new TypeLoadException(message);
                    return null;
                }

                Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(name.Assembly);

                if (assembly == null)
                {
                    log.Warn("Could not load type " + name + ". Possible cause: incorrect assembly name specified.");
                    return null;
                }

                type = assembly.GetType(name.Type, throwOnError);

                if (type == null)
                {
                    log.Warn("Could not load type " + name + ".");
                    return null;
                }

                return type;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                if (log.IsErrorEnabled)
                {
                    log.Error("Could not load type " + name + ".", e);
                }
                if (throwOnError) throw;
                return null;
            }
        }

        public static bool TryLoadAssembly(string assemblyName)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(assemblyName))
                return false;

            bool result = true;
            try
            {
                Assembly.Load(assemblyName);
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                result = false;
            }
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the value of the static field <paramref name="fieldName"/> of <paramref name="type"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The <see cref="System.Type"/> .</param>
        /// <param name="fieldName">The name of the field in the <paramref name="type"/>.</param>
        /// <returns>The value contained in the field, or <see langword="null" /> if the type or the field does not exist.</returns>
        public static object GetConstantValue(System.Type type, string fieldName)
        {
            try
            {
                FieldInfo field = type.GetField(fieldName);
                if (field == null)
                {
                    return null;
                }
                return field.GetValue(null);
            }
            catch
            {
                return null;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the default no arg constructor for the <see cref="System.Type"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The <see cref="System.Type"/> to find the constructor for.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The <see cref="ConstructorInfo"/> for the no argument constructor, or <see langword="null" /> if the
        /// <c>type</c> is an abstract class.
        /// </returns>
        /// <exception cref="InstantiationException">
        /// Thrown when there is a problem calling the method GetConstructor on <see cref="System.Type"/>.
        /// </exception>
        public static ConstructorInfo GetDefaultConstructor(System.Type type)
        {
            if (IsAbstractClass(type))
                return null;

            try
            {
                ConstructorInfo constructor =
                    type.GetConstructor(AnyVisibilityInstance, null, CallingConventions.HasThis, NoClasses, null);
                return constructor;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw new InstantiationException("A default (no-arg) constructor could not be found for: ", e, type);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Finds the constructor that takes the parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The <see cref="System.Type"/> to find the constructor in.</param>
        /// <param name="types">The <see cref="IType"/> objects to use to find the appropriate constructor.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// An <see cref="ConstructorInfo"/> that can be used to create the type with
        /// the specified parameters.
        /// </returns>
        /// <exception cref="InstantiationException">
        /// Thrown when no constructor with the correct signature can be found.
        /// </exception>
        public static ConstructorInfo GetConstructor(System.Type type, IType[] types)
        {
            ConstructorInfo[] candidates = type.GetConstructors(AnyVisibilityInstance);

            foreach (ConstructorInfo constructor in candidates)
            {
                ParameterInfo[] parameters = constructor.GetParameters();

                if (parameters.Length == types.Length)
                {
                    bool found = true;

                    for (int j = 0; j < parameters.Length; j++)
                    {
                        bool ok = parameters[j].ParameterType.IsAssignableFrom(
                            types[j].ReturnedClass);

                        if (!ok)
                        {
                            found = false;
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    if (found)
                    {
                        return constructor;
                    }
                }
            }

            throw new InstantiationException(FormatConstructorNotFoundMessage(types), null, type);
        }

        private static string FormatConstructorNotFoundMessage(IEnumerable<IType> types)
        {
            var result = new StringBuilder("no constructor compatible with (");
            bool first = true;
            foreach (IType type in types)
            {
                if (!first)
                {
                    result.Append(", ");
                }
                first = false;
                result.Append(type.ReturnedClass);
            }
            result.Append(") found in class: ");
            return result.ToString();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines if the <see cref="System.Type"/> is a non creatable class.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The <see cref="System.Type"/> to check.</param>
        /// <returns><see langword="true" /> if the <see cref="System.Type"/> is an Abstract Class or an Interface.</returns>
        public static bool IsAbstractClass(System.Type type)
        {
            return (type.IsAbstract || type.IsInterface);
        }

        public static bool IsFinalClass(System.Type type)
        {
            return type.IsSealed;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Unwraps the supplied <see cref="System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException"/> 
        /// and returns the inner exception preserving the stack trace.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ex">
        /// The <see cref="System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException"/> to unwrap.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>The unwrapped exception.</returns>
        public static Exception UnwrapTargetInvocationException(TargetInvocationException ex)
        {
            Exception_InternalPreserveStackTrace.Invoke(ex.InnerException, new Object[] { });
            return ex.InnerException;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Try to find a method in a given type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The given type.</param>
        /// <param name="method">The method info.</param>
        /// <returns>The found method or null.</returns>
        /// <remarks>
        /// The <paramref name="method"/>, in general, become from another <see cref="Type"/>.
        /// </remarks>
        public static MethodInfo TryGetMethod(System.Type type, MethodInfo method)
        {
            if (type == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("type");
            }

            if (method == null)
            {
                return null;
            }

            System.Type[] tps = GetMethodSignature(method);
            return SafeGetMethod(type, method, tps);
        }

        private static System.Type[] GetMethodSignature(MethodInfo method)
        {
            var pi = method.GetParameters();
            var tps = new System.Type[pi.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < pi.Length; i++)
            {
                tps[i] = pi[i].ParameterType;
            }
            return tps;
        }

        private static MethodInfo SafeGetMethod(System.Type type, MethodInfo method, System.Type[] tps)
        {
            const BindingFlags bindingFlags = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic;

            List<System.Type> typesToSearch = new List<System.Type>();
            MethodInfo foundMethod = null;
            
            try
            {            
                typesToSearch.Add(type);
            
                if (type.IsInterface)
                {
                    // Methods on parent interfaces are not actually inherited
                    // by child interfaces, so we have to use GetInterfaces to
                    // identify any parent interfaces that may contain the
                    // method implementation
                    System.Type[] inheritedInterfaces = type.GetInterfaces();
                    typesToSearch.AddRange(inheritedInterfaces);
                }

                foreach (System.Type typeToSearch in typesToSearch)
                {
                    MethodInfo result = typeToSearch.GetMethod(method.Name, bindingFlags, null, tps, null);
                    if (result != null)
                    {
                        foundMethod = result;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
               throw;
            }
            
            return foundMethod;
        }

        internal static object GetConstantValue(string qualifiedName)
        {
            return GetConstantValue(qualifiedName, null);
        }

        internal static object GetConstantValue(string qualifiedName, ISessionFactoryImplementor sfi)
        {
            string className = StringHelper.Qualifier(qualifiedName);

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(className))
            {
                System.Type t = System.Type.GetType(className);

                if (t == null && sfi != null)
                {
                    t = System.Type.GetType(sfi.GetImportedClassName(className));
                }

                if (t != null)
                {
                    return GetConstantValue(t, StringHelper.Unqualify(qualifiedName));
                }
            }

            return null;
        }

        public static MethodInfo GetGenericMethodFrom<T>(string methodName, System.Type[] genericArgs, System.Type[] signature)
        {
            MethodInfo result = null;
            MethodInfo[] methods = typeof(T).GetMethods();
            foreach (var method in methods)
            {
                if (method.Name.Equals(methodName) && method.IsGenericMethod
                        && signature.Length == method.GetParameters().Length
                    && method.GetGenericArguments().Length == genericArgs.Length)
                {
                    bool foundCandidate = true;
                    result = method.MakeGenericMethod(genericArgs);

                    ParameterInfo[] ms = result.GetParameters();
                    for (int i = 0; i < signature.Length; i++)
                    {
                        if (ms[i].ParameterType != signature[i])
                        {
                            foundCandidate = false;
                        }
                    }

                    if (foundCandidate)
                    {
                        return result;
                    }
                }
            }
            return result;
        }

        public static IDictionary<string, string> ToTypeParameters(this object source)
        {
            if (source == null)
            {
                return new Dictionary<string, string>(1);
            }
            var props = source.GetType().GetProperties();
            if (props.Length == 0)
            {
                return new Dictionary<string, string>(1);
            }
            var result = new Dictionary<string, string>(props.Length);
            foreach (var prop in props)
            {
                var value = prop.GetValue(source, null);
                if (!ReferenceEquals(null, value))
                {
                    result[prop.Name] = value.ToString();
                }
            }
            return result;
        }

        public static bool IsPropertyGet(MethodInfo method)
        {
            return method.IsSpecialName && method.Name.StartsWith("get_");
        }

        public static bool IsPropertySet(MethodInfo method)
        {
            return method.IsSpecialName && method.Name.StartsWith("set_");
        }

        public static string GetPropertyName(MethodInfo method)
        {
            return method.Name.Substring(4);
        }

    	public static System.Type GetCollectionElementType(this IEnumerable collectionInstance)
    	{
    		if (collectionInstance == null)
    		{
    			throw new ArgumentNullException("collectionInstance");
    		}
    		var collectionType = collectionInstance.GetType();
				return GetCollectionElementType(collectionType);
    	}

			public static System.Type GetCollectionElementType(System.Type collectionType)
			{
				if (collectionType == null)
				{
					throw new ArgumentNullException("collectionType");
				}
				if (collectionType.IsArray)
				{
					return collectionType.GetElementType();
				}
				if (collectionType.IsGenericType)
				{
					List<System.Type> interfaces = collectionType.GetInterfaces().Where(t => t.IsGenericType).ToList();
					if (collectionType.IsInterface)
					{
						interfaces.Add(collectionType);
					}
					var enumerableInterface = interfaces.FirstOrDefault(t => t.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof (IEnumerable<>));
					if (enumerableInterface != null)
					{
						return enumerableInterface.GetGenericArguments()[0];
					}
				}
				return null;
			}
    }
}