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md2man
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# This script takes a manpage written in markdown and turns it into an html web
# page and a nroff man page. The input file must have the name of the program
# and the section in this format: NAME.NUM.md. The output files are written
# into the current directory named NAME.NUM.html and NAME.NUM. The input
# format has one extra extension: if a numbered list starts at 0, it is turned
# into a description list. The dl's dt tag is taken from the contents of the
# first tag inside the li, which is usually a p, code, or strong tag. The
# cmarkgfm or commonmark lib is used to transforms the input file into html.
# The html.parser is used as a state machine that both tweaks the html and
# outputs the nroff data based on the html tags.
#
# We normally grab the prefix from the generated Makefile, which is then used
# in the various other grabbed values (see the Makefile for its ${prefix}
# paths). However, the maintainer can choose to override this prefix by
# exporting RSYNC_OVERRIDE_PREFIX=/usr. This allows the man pages to refer to
# /usr paths (and are thus compatible with the release-rsync script) while
# still having the built rsync get installed into /usr/local for local testing.
#
# Copyright (C) 2020 Wayne Davison
#
# This program is freely redistributable.
import sys, os, re, argparse, subprocess, time
from html.parser import HTMLParser
CONSUMES_TXT = set('h1 h2 p li pre'.split())
HTML_START = """\
<html><head>
<title>%s</title>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto&family=Roboto+Mono&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<style>
body {
max-width: 50em;
margin: auto;
}
body, b, strong, u {
font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
}
code {
font-family: 'Roboto Mono', monospace;
font-weight: bold;
white-space: pre;
}
pre code {
display: block;
font-weight: normal;
}
blockquote pre code {
background: #f1f1f1;
}
dd p:first-of-type {
margin-block-start: 0em;
}
</style>
</head><body>
"""
HTML_END = """\
<div style="float: right"><p><i>%s</i></p></div>
</body></html>
"""
MAN_START = r"""
.TH "%s" "%s" "%s" "%s" "User Commands"
.\" prefix=%s
""".lstrip()
MAN_END = """\
"""
NORM_FONT = ('\1', r"\fP")
BOLD_FONT = ('\2', r"\fB")
UNDR_FONT = ('\3', r"\fI")
NBR_DASH = ('\4', r"\-")
NBR_SPACE = ('\xa0', r"\ ")
md_parser = None
def main():
fi = re.match(r'^(?P<fn>(?P<srcdir>.+/)?(?P<name>(?P<prog>[^/]+)\.(?P<sect>\d+))\.md)$', args.mdfile)
if not fi:
die('Failed to parse NAME.NUM.md out of input file:', args.mdfile)
fi = argparse.Namespace(**fi.groupdict())
if not fi.srcdir:
fi.srcdir = './'
fi.title = fi.prog + '(' + fi.sect + ') man page'
fi.mtime = 0
git_dir = fi.srcdir + '.git'
if os.path.lexists(git_dir):
fi.mtime = int(subprocess.check_output(['git', '--git-dir', git_dir, 'log', '-1', '--format=%at']))
env_subs = { 'prefix': os.environ.get('RSYNC_OVERRIDE_PREFIX', None) }
if args.test:
env_subs['VERSION'] = '1.0.0'
env_subs['bindir'] = '/usr/bin'
env_subs['libdir'] = '/usr/lib/rsync'
else:
for fn in (fi.srcdir + 'version.h', 'Makefile'):
try:
st = os.lstat(fn)
except:
die('Failed to find', fi.srcdir + fn)
if not fi.mtime:
fi.mtime = st.st_mtime
with open(fi.srcdir + 'version.h', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as fh:
txt = fh.read()
m = re.search(r'"(.+?)"', txt)
env_subs['VERSION'] = m.group(1)
with open('Makefile', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as fh:
for line in fh:
m = re.match(r'^(\w+)=(.+)', line)
if not m:
continue
var, val = (m.group(1), m.group(2))
if var == 'prefix' and env_subs[var] is not None:
continue
while re.search(r'\$\{', val):
val = re.sub(r'\$\{(\w+)\}', lambda m: env_subs[m.group(1)], val)
env_subs[var] = val
if var == 'srcdir':
break
with open(fi.fn, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as fh:
txt = fh.read()
txt = re.sub(r'@VERSION@', env_subs['VERSION'], txt)
txt = re.sub(r'@BINDIR@', env_subs['bindir'], txt)
txt = re.sub(r'@LIBDIR@', env_subs['libdir'], txt)
fi.html_in = md_parser(txt)
txt = None
fi.date = time.strftime('%d %b %Y', time.localtime(fi.mtime))
fi.man_headings = (fi.prog, fi.sect, fi.date, fi.prog + ' ' + env_subs['VERSION'], env_subs['prefix'])
HtmlToManPage(fi)
if args.test:
print("The test was successful.")
return
for fn, txt in ((fi.name + '.html', fi.html_out), (fi.name, fi.man_out)):
print("Wrote:", fn)
with open(fn, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as fh:
fh.write(txt)
def html_via_commonmark(txt):
return commonmark.HtmlRenderer().render(commonmark.Parser().parse(txt))
class HtmlToManPage(HTMLParser):
def __init__(self, fi):
HTMLParser.__init__(self, convert_charrefs=True)
st = self.state = argparse.Namespace(
list_state = [ ],
p_macro = ".P\n",
at_first_tag_in_li = False,
at_first_tag_in_dd = False,
dt_from = None,
in_pre = False,
in_code = False,
html_out = [ HTML_START % fi.title ],
man_out = [ MAN_START % fi.man_headings ],
txt = '',
)
self.feed(fi.html_in)
fi.html_in = None
st.html_out.append(HTML_END % fi.date)
st.man_out.append(MAN_END)
fi.html_out = ''.join(st.html_out)
st.html_out = None
fi.man_out = ''.join(st.man_out)
st.man_out = None
def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs_list):
st = self.state
if args.debug:
self.output_debug('START', (tag, attrs_list))
if st.at_first_tag_in_li:
if st.list_state[-1] == 'dl':
st.dt_from = tag
if tag == 'p':
tag = 'dt'
else:
st.html_out.append('<dt>')
elif tag == 'p':
st.at_first_tag_in_dd = True # Kluge to suppress a .P at the start of an li.
st.at_first_tag_in_li = False
if tag == 'p':
if not st.at_first_tag_in_dd:
st.man_out.append(st.p_macro)
elif tag == 'li':
st.at_first_tag_in_li = True
lstate = st.list_state[-1]
if lstate == 'dl':
return
if lstate == 'o':
st.man_out.append(".IP o\n")
else:
st.man_out.append(".IP " + str(lstate) + ".\n")
st.list_state[-1] += 1
elif tag == 'blockquote':
st.man_out.append(".RS 4\n")
elif tag == 'pre':
st.in_pre = True
st.man_out.append(st.p_macro + ".nf\n")
elif tag == 'code' and not st.in_pre:
st.in_code = True
st.txt += BOLD_FONT[0]
elif tag == 'strong' or tag == 'b':
st.txt += BOLD_FONT[0]
elif tag == 'em' or tag == 'i':
tag = 'u' # Change it into underline to be more like the man page
st.txt += UNDR_FONT[0]
elif tag == 'ol':
start = 1
for var, val in attrs_list:
if var == 'start':
start = int(val) # We only support integers.
break
if st.list_state:
st.man_out.append(".RS\n")
if start == 0:
tag = 'dl'
attrs_list = [ ]
st.list_state.append('dl')
else:
st.list_state.append(start)
st.man_out.append(st.p_macro)
st.p_macro = ".IP\n"
elif tag == 'ul':
st.man_out.append(st.p_macro)
if st.list_state:
st.man_out.append(".RS\n")
st.p_macro = ".IP\n"
st.list_state.append('o')
st.html_out.append('<' + tag + ''.join(' ' + var + '="' + htmlify(val) + '"' for var, val in attrs_list) + '>')
st.at_first_tag_in_dd = False
def handle_endtag(self, tag):
st = self.state
if args.debug:
self.output_debug('END', (tag,))
if tag in CONSUMES_TXT or st.dt_from == tag:
txt = st.txt.strip()
st.txt = ''
else:
txt = None
add_to_txt = None
if tag == 'h1':
st.man_out.append(st.p_macro + '.SH "' + manify(txt) + '"\n')
elif tag == 'h2':
st.man_out.append(st.p_macro + '.SS "' + manify(txt) + '"\n')
elif tag == 'p':
if st.dt_from == 'p':
tag = 'dt'
st.man_out.append('.IP "' + manify(txt) + '"\n')
st.dt_from = None
elif txt != '':
st.man_out.append(manify(txt) + "\n")
elif tag == 'li':
if st.list_state[-1] == 'dl':
if st.at_first_tag_in_li:
die("Invalid 0. -> td translation")
tag = 'dd'
if txt != '':
st.man_out.append(manify(txt) + "\n")
st.at_first_tag_in_li = False
elif tag == 'blockquote':
st.man_out.append(".RE\n")
elif tag == 'pre':
st.in_pre = False
st.man_out.append(manify(txt) + "\n.fi\n")
elif (tag == 'code' and not st.in_pre):
st.in_code = False
add_to_txt = NORM_FONT[0]
elif tag == 'strong' or tag == 'b':
add_to_txt = NORM_FONT[0]
elif tag == 'em' or tag == 'i':
tag = 'u' # Change it into underline to be more like the man page
add_to_txt = NORM_FONT[0]
elif tag == 'ol' or tag == 'ul':
if st.list_state.pop() == 'dl':
tag = 'dl'
if st.list_state:
st.man_out.append(".RE\n")
else:
st.p_macro = ".P\n"
st.at_first_tag_in_dd = False
st.html_out.append('</' + tag + '>')
if add_to_txt:
if txt is None:
st.txt += add_to_txt
else:
txt += add_to_txt
if st.dt_from == tag:
st.man_out.append('.IP "' + manify(txt) + '"\n')
st.html_out.append('</dt><dd>')
st.at_first_tag_in_dd = True
st.dt_from = None
elif tag == 'dt':
st.html_out.append('<dd>')
st.at_first_tag_in_dd = True
def handle_data(self, txt):
st = self.state
if args.debug:
self.output_debug('DATA', (txt,))
if st.in_pre:
html = htmlify(txt)
else:
txt = re.sub(r'\s--(\s)', NBR_SPACE[0] + r'--\1', txt).replace('--', NBR_DASH[0]*2)
txt = re.sub(r'(^|\W)-', r'\1' + NBR_DASH[0], txt)
html = htmlify(txt)
if st.in_code:
txt = re.sub(r'\s', NBR_SPACE[0], txt)
html = html.replace(NBR_DASH[0], '-').replace(NBR_SPACE[0], ' ') # <code> is non-breaking in CSS
st.html_out.append(html.replace(NBR_SPACE[0], ' ').replace(NBR_DASH[0], '-⁠'))
st.txt += txt
def output_debug(self, event, extra):
import pprint
st = self.state
if args.debug < 2:
st = argparse.Namespace(**vars(st))
if len(st.html_out) > 2:
st.html_out = ['...'] + st.html_out[-2:]
if len(st.man_out) > 2:
st.man_out = ['...'] + st.man_out[-2:]
print(event, extra)
pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=2).pprint(vars(st))
def manify(txt):
return re.sub(r"^(['.])", r'\&\1', txt.replace('\\', '\\\\')
.replace(NBR_SPACE[0], NBR_SPACE[1])
.replace(NBR_DASH[0], NBR_DASH[1])
.replace(NORM_FONT[0], NORM_FONT[1])
.replace(BOLD_FONT[0], BOLD_FONT[1])
.replace(UNDR_FONT[0], UNDR_FONT[1]), flags=re.M)
def htmlify(txt):
return txt.replace('&', '&').replace('<', '<').replace('>', '>').replace('"', '"')
def warn(*msg):
print(*msg, file=sys.stderr)
def die(*msg):
warn(*msg)
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Transform a NAME.NUM.md markdown file into a NAME.NUM.html web page & a NAME.NUM man page.', add_help=False)
parser.add_argument('--test', action='store_true', help='Test if we can parse the input w/o updating any files.')
parser.add_argument('--debug', '-D', action='count', default=0, help='Output copious info on the html parsing. Repeat for even more.')
parser.add_argument("--help", "-h", action="help", help="Output this help message and exit.")
parser.add_argument('mdfile', help="The NAME.NUM.md file to parse.")
args = parser.parse_args()
try:
import cmarkgfm
md_parser = cmarkgfm.markdown_to_html
except:
try:
import commonmark
md_parser = html_via_commonmark
except:
die("Failed to find cmarkgfm or commonmark for python3.")
main()