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‎3.Control Flow of JavaScript/41-50/48.js‎

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/*
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In this tutorial, you will learn about the break statement with the help of examples.
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The break statement is used to terminate the loop immediately when it is encountered.
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The syntax of the break statement is:
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break [label];
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Note: label is optional and rarely used.
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Working of JavaScript break Statement
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Working of break statement in JavaScript
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Working of JavaScript break Statement
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Example 1: break with for Loop
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// program to print the value of i
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for (let i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
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// break condition
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if (i == 3) {
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break;
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}
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console.log(i);
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}
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Run Code
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Output
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1
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2
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In the above program, the for loop is used to print the value of i in each iteration. The break statement is used as:
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if(i == 3) {
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break;
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}
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This means, when i is equal to 3, the break statement terminates the loop. Hence, the output doesn't include values greater than or equal to 3.
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Note: The break statement is almost always used with decision-making statements. To learn more, visit JavaScript if...else Statement.
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To learn more about for loop, visit JavaScript for loop.
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Example 2: break with while Loop
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// program to find the sum of positive numbers
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// if the user enters a negative numbers, break ends the loop
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// the negative number entered is not added to sum
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let sum = 0, number;
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while(true) {
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// take input again if the number is positive
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number = parseInt(prompt('Enter a number: '));
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// break condition
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if(number < 0) {
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break;
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}
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// add all positive numbers
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sum += number;
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}
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// display the sum
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console.log(`The sum is ${sum}.`);
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Run Code
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Output
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Enter a number: 1
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Enter a number: 2
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Enter a number: 3
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Enter a number: -5
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The sum is 6.
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In the above program, the user enters a number. The while loop is used to print the total sum of numbers entered by the user.
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Here the break statement is used as:
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if(number < 0) {
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break;
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}
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When the user enters a negative number, here -5, the break statement terminates the loop and the control flow of the program goes outside the loop.
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Thus, the while loop continues until the user enters a negative number.
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To learn more about while loop, visit JavaScript while loop.
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break with Nested Loop
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When break is used inside of two nested loops, break terminates the inner loop. For example,
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// nested for loops
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// first loop
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for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
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// second loop
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for (let j = 1; j <= 3; j++) {
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if (i == 2) {
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break;
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}
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console.log(`i = ${i}, j = ${j}`);
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}
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}
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Run Code
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Output
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i = 1, j = 1
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i = 1, j = 2
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i = 1, j = 3
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i = 3, j = 1
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i = 3, j = 2
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i = 3, j = 3
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In the above program, when i == 2, break statement executes. It terminates the inner loop and control flow of the program moves to the outer loop.
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Hence, the value of i = 2 is never displayed in the output.
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JavaScript Labeled break
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When using nested loops, you can also terminate the outer loop with a label statement.
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However labeled break is rarely used in JavaScript because this makes the code harder to read and understand.
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If you want to learn more about the labeled break statements, visit labeled break.
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The break statement is also used with switch statements. To learn more, visit JavaScript switch statement.
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*/

‎3.Control Flow of JavaScript/41-50/49.js‎

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// let table = 2
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// for (let a = 1; a <= 10; a++) {
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// console.log(`${table} x ${a} = ${table * a}`);
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// }
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// let table = 2;
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// let i = 1;
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// /* A while loop that will run until the condition is met. */
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// while (i <= 10) {
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// console.log(`${table} x ${i} = ${table * i}`);
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// i++;
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// }
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// let table = 2;
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// let i = 1;
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// do {
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// console.log(`${table} x ${i} = ${table * i}`);
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// i++;
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// } while (i <= 10);

‎3.Control Flow of JavaScript/41-50/50.js‎

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let table = 2;
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for (let a = 1; a <= 10; a++) {
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console.log(`${table} x ${a} = ${table * a}`);
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if (a == 9) {
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break;
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}
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// break;
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}
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console.log("Hello ");

‎3.Control Flow of JavaScript/51-60/51.js‎

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/*
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The continue statement is used to skip the current iteration of the loop and the control flow of the program goes to the next iteration.
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The syntax of the continue statement is:
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continue [label];
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Note: label is optional and rarely used.
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Working of JavaScript continue Statement
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Working of continue statement in JavaScript
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Working of JavaScript continue Statement
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continue with for Loop
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In a for loop, continue skips the current iteration and control flow jumps to the updateExpression.
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Example 1: Print the Value of i
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// program to print the value of i
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for (let i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
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// condition to continue
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if (i == 3) {
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continue;
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}
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console.log(i);
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}
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Run Code
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Output
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1
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2
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4
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5
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In the above program, for loop is used to print the value of i in each iteration.
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Notice the continue statement inside the loop.
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if(i == 3) {
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continue;
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}
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This means
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When i is equal to 3, the continue statement skips the third iteration.
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Then, i becomes 4 and the test condition and continue statement is evaluated again.
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Hence, 4 and 5 are printed in the next two iterations.
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Note: The continue statement is almost always used with decision making statements. To learn more, visit JavaScript if...else Statement.
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To learn more about for loop, visit JavaScript for loop.
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Note: The break statement terminates the loop entirely. However, the continue statement only skips the current iteration.
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continue with while Loop
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In a while loop, continue skips the current iteration and control flow of the program jumps back to the while condition.
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The continue statement works in the same way for while and do...while loops.
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Example 2: Calculate Positive Number
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// program to calculate positive numbers only
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// if the user enters a negative number, that number is skipped from calculation
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// negative number -> loop terminate
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// non-numeric character -> skip iteration
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let sum = 0;
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let number = 0;
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while (number >= 0) {
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// add all positive numbers
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sum += number;
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// take input from the user
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number = parseInt(prompt('Enter a number: '));
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// continue condition
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if (isNaN(number)) {
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console.log('You entered a string.');
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number = 0; // the value of number is made 0 again
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continue;
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}
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}
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// display the sum
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console.log(`The sum is ${sum}.`);
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Run Code
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Output
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Enter a number: 1
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Enter a number: 2
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Enter a number: hello
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You entered a string.
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Enter a number: 5
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Enter a number: -2
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The sum is 8.
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In the above program, the user enters a number. The while loop is used to print the total sum of positive numbers entered by the user.
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Notice the use of the continue statement.
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if (isNaN(number)) {
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continue;
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}
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When the user enters a non-numeric number/string, the continue statement skips the current iteration. Then the control flow of the program goes to the condition of while loop.
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When the user enters a number less than 0, the loop terminates.
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In the above program, isNaN() is used to check if the value entered by a user is a number or not.
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To learn more about the while loop, visit JavaScript while loop.
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continue with Nested Loop
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When continue is used inside of two nested loops, continue skips the current iteration of the inner loop. For example,
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// nested for loops
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// first loop
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for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
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// second loop
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for (let j = 1; j <= 3; j++) {
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if (j == 2) {
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continue;
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}
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console.log(`i = ${i}, j = ${j}`);
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}
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}
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Run Code
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Output
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i = 1, j = 1
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i = 1, j = 3
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i = 2, j = 1
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i = 2, j = 3
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i = 3, j = 1
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i = 3, j = 3
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In the above program, when the continue statement executes, it skips the current iteration in the inner loop and control flow of the program moves to the updateExpression of the inner loop.
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Hence, the value of j = 2 is never displayed in the output.
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*/

‎3.Control Flow of JavaScript/51-60/52.js‎

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let start = 1;
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for (start; start <= 5; start++) {
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if (start == 3) {
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console.log(start);
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console.log(`Strating from 3 and Contiue rest of it`);
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continue;
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}
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console.log(start);
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}

‎3.Control Flow of JavaScript/51-60/53.js‎

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let a = 1;
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while (a <= 6) {
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console.log(a);
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a++;
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if (a == 3) {
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console.log(`Strating from 3 and Contiue rest of it`);
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continue;
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}
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}

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