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Added materail for Section08 thus far: Assignment, Arithmetic, and Eu…
Oct 13, 2021
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Section08-Statements_and_Operators

README.md

Statements and Operators

Overview

Expressions, Statements and Operators

  • Expressions
    • building blocks to statements
  • Statements and block statements
    • building blocks to C++
  • Operators
    • Assignment
    • Arithmetic
    • Increment and decrement
    • Equality
    • Relational
    • Logical
    • Compound assignment
    • Precedence

Expressions, Statements

  • Expressions

    • the most basic building block of a program
    • "a sequence of operatros and operands that specifies a computation"
    • computes a value from a number of operands
    • There is much, much more to expressions - not necessary at this level...
    /* Expressions - examples */

34              // literal
favorite_number // variable
1.5 + 2.8       // addition
2 * 5           // multiplication
a > b           // relational
a = b           // assignment

  • Statements

    • a complete line of code that performs some action
    • usually terminated with a semi-colon (;)
    • usually contain expressions
    • C++ has many types of statments
      • expression, null, compound, selection, iteration, declaration, jump, try blocks, and others.
    /* Statements - examples */

int x;                  // declaration
favorite_number = 12;   // assignment
1.5 + 2.8;              // expression
x = 2 * 5;              // assignment
if (a > b) cout << "a is greater than b";   // if statement
;                       // null statement

Using Operators

  • C++ has a rich set of operators
    • unary, binary, ternary
  • Common operators can be grouped as follows:
    • assignment
    • arithmetic
    • increment/decrement
    • relational
    • logical (not, and, or, etc.)
    • member access (.)
    • other

Assignment Operator (=)

LHS = RHS

  • RHS is an expression that is evaluated to a value
  • the value of the RHS is stored to the LHS
  • the value of the RHS must be type compatible with the LHS
  • the LHS must be assignable
  • assignment expressions is evaluated to what was just assigned
  • more than one variable can be assigned in a single statement

Arithmetic Operators

  • Addition (+)
  • Subtraction (-)
  • Multiplication (*)
  • Division (/)
  • Modulo or remainder (%)
    • only works with integers