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Chapter 13 ex. 14 - readme update
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‎README.md

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____
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# Quick Solution Navigator:
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_01"><strong>Chapter 1</strong></a> - Introduction to Computers, Programs, and Java</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_02"><strong>Chapter 2</strong></a> - Elementary Programming</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_03"><strong>Chapter 3</strong></a> - Selections</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_04"><strong>Chapter 4</strong></a> - Mathematical Functions, Characters, and Strings</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_05"><strong>Chapter 5</strong></a> - Loops</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_06"><strong>Chapter 6</strong></a> - Methods</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_07"><strong>Chapter 7</strong></a> - Single-Dimensional Arrays</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_08"><strong>Chapter 8</strong></a> - MultiDimensional Arrays</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_09"><strong>Chapter 9</strong></a> - Objects and Classes</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_10"><strong>Chapter 10</strong></a> - Object-Oriented Thinking</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_11"><strong>Chapter 11</strong></a> - Inheritance and Polymorphism</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_12"><strong>Chapter 12</strong></a> - Exception Handling and Text I/O</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_01"><strong
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>Chapter 1</strong></a> - Introduction to Computers, Programs, and Java (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_02"><strong
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>Chapter 2</strong></a> - Elementary Programming (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_03"><strong
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>Chapter 3</strong></a> - Selections (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_04"><strong
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>Chapter 4</strong></a> - Mathematical Functions, Characters, and Strings (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_05"><strong
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>Chapter 5</strong></a> - Loops (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_06"><strong
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>Chapter 6</strong></a> - Methods (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_07"><strong
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>Chapter 7</strong></a> - Single-Dimensional Arrays (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_08"><strong
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>Chapter 8</strong></a> - MultiDimensional Arrays (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_09"><strong
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>Chapter 9</strong></a> - Objects and Classes (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_10"><strong
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>Chapter 10</strong></a> - Object-Oriented Thinking (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_11"><strong
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>Chapter 11</strong></a> - Inheritance and Polymorphism (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_12"><strong
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>Chapter 12</strong></a> - Exception Handling and Text I/O (Complete)</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_13"><strong>Chapter 13</strong></a> - Abstract Classes and Interfaces</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_14"><strong>Chapter 14</strong></a> - JavaFx Basics</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_14"><strong>Chapter 14</strong></a> - JavaFx Basics</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_15"><strong>Chapter 15</strong></a> - Event-Driven Programming and Animations</li><br>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/HarryDulaney/intro-to-java-programming/tree/master/src/ch_16"><strong>Chapter
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16</strong></a> - JavaFx UI Controls and Multimedia</li><br>

‎src/ch_13/Exercise13_14.java ‎src/ch_13/exercise13_14/Exercise13_14.java

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package ch_13;
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package ch_13.exercise13_14;
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/**
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* 13.14 (Demonstrate the benefits of encapsulation) Rewrite the Rational class in
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* Listing 13.13 using a new internal representation for the numerator and denominator. Create an array of two integers as follows:
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* Listing 13.13 using a new internal representation for the numerator and denominator.
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* Create an array of two integers as follows:
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* private long[] r = new long[2];
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* Use r[0] to represent the numerator and r[1] to represent the denominator.
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* The signatures of the methods in the Rational class are not changed, so a client
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* application that uses the previous Rational class can continue to use this new
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* Rational class without being recompiled.
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*/
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public class Exercise13_14 {
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static Rational rational = new Rational();
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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System.out.println("Using the Rational class..");
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System.out.println(rational.toString());
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}
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}
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‎src/ch_13/exercise13_14/Rational.java

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package ch_13.exercise13_14;
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public class Rational extends Number implements Comparable<Rational> {
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// Data fields for numerator and denominator
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private long numerator = 0;
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private long denominator = 1;
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/**
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* Construct a rational with default properties
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*/
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public Rational() {
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this(0, 1);
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}
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/**
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* Construct a rational with specified numerator and denominator
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*/
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public Rational(long numerator, long denominator) {
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long gcd = gcd(numerator, denominator);
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this.numerator = ((denominator > 0) ? 1 : -1) * numerator / gcd;
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this.denominator = Math.abs(denominator) / gcd;
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}
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/**
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* Find GCD of two numbers
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*/
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private static long gcd(long n, long d) {
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long n1 = Math.abs(n);
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long n2 = Math.abs(d);
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int gcd = 1;
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for (int k = 1; k <= n1 && k <= n2; k++) {
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if (n1 % k == 0 && n2 % k == 0)
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gcd = k;
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}
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return gcd;
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}
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/**
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* Return numerator
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*/
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public long getNumerator() {
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return numerator;
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}
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/**
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* Return denominator
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*/
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public long getDenominator() {
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return denominator;
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}
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/**
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* Add a rational number to this rational
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*/
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public Rational add(Rational secondRational) {
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long n = numerator * secondRational.getDenominator() +
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denominator * secondRational.getNumerator();
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long d = denominator * secondRational.getDenominator();
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return new Rational(n, d);
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}
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/**
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* Subtract a rational number from this rational
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*/
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public Rational subtract(Rational secondRational) {
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long n = numerator * secondRational.getDenominator()
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- denominator * secondRational.getNumerator();
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long d = denominator * secondRational.getDenominator();
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return new Rational(n, d);
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}
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/**
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* Multiply a rational number by this rational
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*/
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public Rational multiply(Rational secondRational) {
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long n = numerator * secondRational.getNumerator();
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long d = denominator * secondRational.getDenominator();
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return new Rational(n, d);
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}
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/**
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* Divide a rational number by this rational
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*/
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public Rational divide(Rational secondRational) {
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long n = numerator * secondRational.getDenominator();
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long d = denominator * secondRational.numerator;
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return new Rational(n, d);
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}
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@Override
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public String toString() {
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if (denominator == 1)
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return numerator + "";
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else
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return numerator + "/" + denominator;
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}
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@Override // Override the equals method in the Object class
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public boolean equals(Object other) {
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if ((this.subtract((Rational) (other))).getNumerator() == 0)
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return true;
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else
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return false;
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}
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@Override // Implement the abstract intValue method in Number
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public int intValue() {
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return (int) doubleValue();
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}
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@Override // Implement the abstract floatValue method in Number
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public float floatValue() {
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return (float) doubleValue();
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}
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@Override // Implement the doubleValue method in Number
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public double doubleValue() {
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return numerator * 1.0 / denominator;
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}
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@Override // Implement the abstract longValue method in Number
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public long longValue() {
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return (long) doubleValue();
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}
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@Override // Implement the compareTo method in Comparable
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public int compareTo(Rational o) {
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if (this.subtract(o).getNumerator() > 0)
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return 1;
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else if (this.subtract(o).getNumerator() < 0)
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return -1;
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else
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return 0;
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}
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}

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