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sh-stub.c
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/* sh-stub.c -- debugging stub for the Renesas-SH.
NOTE!! This code has to be compiled with optimization, otherwise the
function inlining which generates the exception handlers won't work.
*/
/* This is originally based on an m68k software stub written by Glenn
Engel at HP, but has changed quite a bit.
Modifications for the SH by Ben Lee and Steve Chamberlain
*/
/****************************************************************************
THIS SOFTWARE IS NOT COPYRIGHTED
HP offers the following for use in the public domain. HP makes no
warranty with regard to the software or it's performance and the
user accepts the software "AS IS" with all faults.
HP DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD
TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
****************************************************************************/
/* Remote communication protocol.
A debug packet whose contents are <data>
is encapsulated for transmission in the form:
$ <data> # CSUM1 CSUM2
<data> must be ASCII alphanumeric and cannot include characters
'$' or '#'. If <data> starts with two characters followed by
':', then the existing stubs interpret this as a sequence number.
CSUM1 and CSUM2 are ascii hex representation of an 8-bit
checksum of <data>, the most significant nibble is sent first.
the hex digits 0-9,a-f are used.
Receiver responds with:
+ - if CSUM is correct and ready for next packet
- - if CSUM is incorrect
<data> is as follows:
All values are encoded in ascii hex digits.
Request Packet
read registers g
reply XX....X Each byte of register data
is described by two hex digits.
Registers are in the internal order
for GDB, and the bytes in a register
are in the same order the machine uses.
or ENN for an error.
write regs GXX..XX Each byte of register data
is described by two hex digits.
reply OK for success
ENN for an error
write reg Pn...=r... Write register n... with value r...,
which contains two hex digits for each
byte in the register (target byte
order).
reply OK for success
ENN for an error
(not supported by all stubs).
read mem mAA..AA,LLLL AA..AA is address, LLLL is length.
reply XX..XX XX..XX is mem contents
Can be fewer bytes than requested
if able to read only part of the data.
or ENN NN is errno
write mem MAA..AA,LLLL:XX..XX
AA..AA is address,
LLLL is number of bytes,
XX..XX is data
reply OK for success
ENN for an error (this includes the case
where only part of the data was
written).
cont cAA..AA AA..AA is address to resume
If AA..AA is omitted,
resume at same address.
step sAA..AA AA..AA is address to resume
If AA..AA is omitted,
resume at same address.
last signal ? Reply the current reason for stopping.
This is the same reply as is generated
for step or cont : SAA where AA is the
signal number.
There is no immediate reply to step or cont.
The reply comes when the machine stops.
It is SAA AA is the "signal number"
or... TAAn...:r...;n:r...;n...:r...;
AA = signal number
n... = register number
r... = register contents
or... WAA The process exited, and AA is
the exit status. This is only
applicable for certain sorts of
targets.
kill request k
toggle debug d toggle debug flag (see 386 & 68k stubs)
reset r reset -- see sparc stub.
reserved <other> On other requests, the stub should
ignore the request and send an empty
response ($#<checksum>). This way
we can extend the protocol and GDB
can tell whether the stub it is
talking to uses the old or the new.
search tAA:PP,MM Search backwards starting at address
AA for a match with pattern PP and
mask MM. PP and MM are 4 bytes.
Not supported by all stubs.
general query qXXXX Request info about XXXX.
general set QXXXX=yyyy Set value of XXXX to yyyy.
query sect offs qOffsets Get section offsets. Reply is
Text=xxx;Data=yyy;Bss=zzz
console output Otext Send text to stdout. Only comes from
remote target.
Responses can be run-length encoded to save space. A '*' means that
the next character is an ASCII encoding giving a repeat count which
stands for that many repetitions of the character preceding the '*'.
The encoding is n+29, yielding a printable character where n >=3
(which is where rle starts to win). Don't use an n > 126.
So
"0* " means the same as "0000". */
#include <string.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
/* Renesas SH architecture instruction encoding masks */
#define COND_BR_MASK 0xff00
#define UCOND_DBR_MASK 0xe000
#define UCOND_RBR_MASK 0xf0df
#define TRAPA_MASK 0xff00
#define COND_DISP 0x00ff
#define UCOND_DISP 0x0fff
#define UCOND_REG 0x0f00
/* Renesas SH instruction opcodes */
#define BF_INSTR 0x8b00
#define BT_INSTR 0x8900
#define BRA_INSTR 0xa000
#define BSR_INSTR 0xb000
#define JMP_INSTR 0x402b
#define JSR_INSTR 0x400b
#define RTS_INSTR 0x000b
#define RTE_INSTR 0x002b
#define TRAPA_INSTR 0xc300
#define SSTEP_INSTR 0xc3ff
/* Renesas SH processor register masks */
#define T_BIT_MASK 0x0001
/*
* BUFMAX defines the maximum number of characters in inbound/outbound
* buffers. At least NUMREGBYTES*2 are needed for register packets.
*/
#define BUFMAX 1024
/*
* Number of bytes for registers
*/
#define NUMREGBYTES 112 /* 92 */
/*
* typedef
*/
typedef void (*Function) ();
/*
* Forward declarations
*/
static int hex (char);
static char *mem2hex (char *, char *, int);
static char *hex2mem (char *, char *, int);
static int hexToInt (char **, int *);
static unsigned char *getpacket (void);
static void putpacket (char *);
static void handle_buserror (void);
static int computeSignal (int exceptionVector);
static void handle_exception (int exceptionVector);
void init_serial();
void putDebugChar (char);
char getDebugChar (void);
/* These are in the file but in asm statements so the compiler can't see them */
void catch_exception_4 (void);
void catch_exception_6 (void);
void catch_exception_9 (void);
void catch_exception_10 (void);
void catch_exception_11 (void);
void catch_exception_32 (void);
void catch_exception_33 (void);
void catch_exception_255 (void);
#define catch_exception_random catch_exception_255 /* Treat all odd ones like 255 */
void breakpoint (void);
#define init_stack_size 8*1024 /* if you change this you should also modify BINIT */
#define stub_stack_size 8*1024
int init_stack[init_stack_size] __attribute__ ((section ("stack"))) = {0};
int stub_stack[stub_stack_size] __attribute__ ((section ("stack"))) = {0};
void INIT ();
void BINIT ();
#define CPU_BUS_ERROR_VEC 9
#define DMA_BUS_ERROR_VEC 10
#define NMI_VEC 11
#define INVALID_INSN_VEC 4
#define INVALID_SLOT_VEC 6
#define TRAP_VEC 32
#define IO_VEC 33
#define USER_VEC 255
char in_nmi; /* Set when handling an NMI, so we don't reenter */
int dofault; /* Non zero, bus errors will raise exception */
int *stub_sp;
/* debug > 0 prints ill-formed commands in valid packets & checksum errors */
int remote_debug;
/* jump buffer used for setjmp/longjmp */
jmp_buf remcomEnv;
enum regnames
{
R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7,
R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14,
R15, PC, PR, GBR, VBR, MACH, MACL, SR,
TICKS, STALLS, CYCLES, INSTS, PLR
};
typedef struct
{
short *memAddr;
short oldInstr;
}
stepData;
int registers[NUMREGBYTES / 4];
stepData instrBuffer;
char stepped;
static const char hexchars[] = "0123456789abcdef";
static char remcomInBuffer[BUFMAX];
static char remcomOutBuffer[BUFMAX];
char highhex(int x)
{
return hexchars[(x >> 4) & 0xf];
}
char lowhex(int x)
{
return hexchars[x & 0xf];
}
/*
* Assembly macros
*/
#define BREAKPOINT() asm("trapa #0x20"::);
/*
* Routines to handle hex data
*/
static int
hex (char ch)
{
if ((ch >= 'a') && (ch <= 'f'))
return (ch - 'a' + 10);
if ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9'))
return (ch - '0');
if ((ch >= 'A') && (ch <= 'F'))
return (ch - 'A' + 10);
return (-1);
}
/* convert the memory, pointed to by mem into hex, placing result in buf */
/* return a pointer to the last char put in buf (null) */
static char *
mem2hex (char *mem, char *buf, int count)
{
int i;
int ch;
for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
ch = *mem++;
*buf++ = highhex (ch);
*buf++ = lowhex (ch);
}
*buf = 0;
return (buf);
}
/* convert the hex array pointed to by buf into binary, to be placed in mem */
/* return a pointer to the character after the last byte written */
static char *
hex2mem (char *buf, char *mem, int count)
{
int i;
unsigned char ch;
for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
ch = hex (*buf++) << 4;
ch = ch + hex (*buf++);
*mem++ = ch;
}
return (mem);
}
/**********************************************/
/* WHILE WE FIND NICE HEX CHARS, BUILD AN INT */
/* RETURN NUMBER OF CHARS PROCESSED */
/**********************************************/
static int
hexToInt (char **ptr, int *intValue)
{
int numChars = 0;
int hexValue;
*intValue = 0;
while (**ptr)
{
hexValue = hex (**ptr);
if (hexValue >= 0)
{
*intValue = (*intValue << 4) | hexValue;
numChars++;
}
else
break;
(*ptr)++;
}
return (numChars);
}
/*
* Routines to get and put packets
*/
/* scan for the sequence $<data>#<checksum> */
char *
getpacket (void)
{
unsigned char *buffer = &remcomInBuffer[0];
unsigned char checksum;
unsigned char xmitcsum;
int count;
char ch;
while (1)
{
/* wait around for the start character, ignore all other characters */
while ((ch = getDebugChar ()) != '$')
;
retry:
checksum = 0;
xmitcsum = -1;
count = 0;
/* now, read until a # or end of buffer is found */
while (count < BUFMAX - 1)
{
ch = getDebugChar ();
if (ch == '$')
goto retry;
if (ch == '#')
break;
checksum = checksum + ch;
buffer[count] = ch;
count = count + 1;
}
buffer[count] = 0;
if (ch == '#')
{
ch = getDebugChar ();
xmitcsum = hex (ch) << 4;
ch = getDebugChar ();
xmitcsum += hex (ch);
if (checksum != xmitcsum)
{
putDebugChar ('-'); /* failed checksum */
}
else
{
putDebugChar ('+'); /* successful transfer */
/* if a sequence char is present, reply the sequence ID */
if (buffer[2] == ':')
{
putDebugChar (buffer[0]);
putDebugChar (buffer[1]);
return &buffer[3];
}
return &buffer[0];
}
}
}
}
/* send the packet in buffer. */
static void
putpacket (char *buffer)
{
int checksum;
int count;
/* $<packet info>#<checksum>. */
do
{
char *src = buffer;
putDebugChar ('$');
checksum = 0;
while (*src)
{
int runlen;
/* Do run length encoding */
for (runlen = 0; runlen < 100; runlen ++)
{
if (src[0] != src[runlen])
{
if (runlen > 3)
{
int encode;
/* Got a useful amount */
putDebugChar (*src);
checksum += *src;
putDebugChar ('*');
checksum += '*';
checksum += (encode = runlen + ' ' - 4);
putDebugChar (encode);
src += runlen;
}
else
{
putDebugChar (*src);
checksum += *src;
src++;
}
break;
}
}
}
putDebugChar ('#');
putDebugChar (highhex(checksum));
putDebugChar (lowhex(checksum));
}
while (getDebugChar() != '+');
}
/* a bus error has occurred, perform a longjmp
to return execution and allow handling of the error */
void
handle_buserror (void)
{
longjmp (remcomEnv, 1);
}
/*
* this function takes the SH-1 exception number and attempts to
* translate this number into a unix compatible signal value
*/
static int
computeSignal (int exceptionVector)
{
int sigval;
switch (exceptionVector)
{
case INVALID_INSN_VEC:
sigval = 4;
break;
case INVALID_SLOT_VEC:
sigval = 4;
break;
case CPU_BUS_ERROR_VEC:
sigval = 10;
break;
case DMA_BUS_ERROR_VEC:
sigval = 10;
break;
case NMI_VEC:
sigval = 2;
break;
case TRAP_VEC:
case USER_VEC:
sigval = 5;
break;
default:
sigval = 7; /* "software generated"*/
break;
}
return (sigval);
}
void
doSStep (void)
{
short *instrMem;
int displacement;
int reg;
unsigned short opcode;
instrMem = (short *) registers[PC];
opcode = *instrMem;
stepped = 1;
if ((opcode & COND_BR_MASK) == BT_INSTR)
{
if (registers[SR] & T_BIT_MASK)
{
displacement = (opcode & COND_DISP) << 1;
if (displacement & 0x80)
displacement |= 0xffffff00;
/*
* Remember PC points to second instr.
* after PC of branch ... so add 4
*/
instrMem = (short *) (registers[PC] + displacement + 4);
}
else
instrMem += 1;
}
else if ((opcode & COND_BR_MASK) == BF_INSTR)
{
if (registers[SR] & T_BIT_MASK)
instrMem += 1;
else
{
displacement = (opcode & COND_DISP) << 1;
if (displacement & 0x80)
displacement |= 0xffffff00;
/*
* Remember PC points to second instr.
* after PC of branch ... so add 4
*/
instrMem = (short *) (registers[PC] + displacement + 4);
}
}
else if ((opcode & UCOND_DBR_MASK) == BRA_INSTR)
{
displacement = (opcode & UCOND_DISP) << 1;
if (displacement & 0x0800)
displacement |= 0xfffff000;
/*
* Remember PC points to second instr.
* after PC of branch ... so add 4
*/
instrMem = (short *) (registers[PC] + displacement + 4);
}
else if ((opcode & UCOND_RBR_MASK) == JSR_INSTR)
{
reg = (char) ((opcode & UCOND_REG) >> 8);
instrMem = (short *) registers[reg];
}
else if (opcode == RTS_INSTR)
instrMem = (short *) registers[PR];
else if (opcode == RTE_INSTR)
instrMem = (short *) registers[15];
else if ((opcode & TRAPA_MASK) == TRAPA_INSTR)
instrMem = (short *) ((opcode & ~TRAPA_MASK) << 2);
else
instrMem += 1;
instrBuffer.memAddr = instrMem;
instrBuffer.oldInstr = *instrMem;
*instrMem = SSTEP_INSTR;
}
/* Undo the effect of a previous doSStep. If we single stepped,
restore the old instruction. */
void
undoSStep (void)
{
if (stepped)
{ short *instrMem;
instrMem = instrBuffer.memAddr;
*instrMem = instrBuffer.oldInstr;
}
stepped = 0;
}
/*
This function does all exception handling. It only does two things -
it figures out why it was called and tells gdb, and then it reacts
to gdb's requests.
When in the monitor mode we talk a human on the serial line rather than gdb.
*/
void
gdb_handle_exception (int exceptionVector)
{
int sigval, stepping;
int addr, length;
char *ptr;
/* reply to host that an exception has occurred */
sigval = computeSignal (exceptionVector);
remcomOutBuffer[0] = 'S';
remcomOutBuffer[1] = highhex(sigval);
remcomOutBuffer[2] = lowhex (sigval);
remcomOutBuffer[3] = 0;
putpacket (remcomOutBuffer);
/*
* exception 255 indicates a software trap
* inserted in place of code ... so back up
* PC by one instruction, since this instruction
* will later be replaced by its original one!
*/
if (exceptionVector == 0xff
|| exceptionVector == 0x20)
registers[PC] -= 2;
/*
* Do the thangs needed to undo
* any stepping we may have done!
*/
undoSStep ();
stepping = 0;
while (1)
{
remcomOutBuffer[0] = 0;
ptr = getpacket ();
switch (*ptr++)
{
case '?':
remcomOutBuffer[0] = 'S';
remcomOutBuffer[1] = highhex (sigval);
remcomOutBuffer[2] = lowhex (sigval);
remcomOutBuffer[3] = 0;
break;
case 'd':
remote_debug = !(remote_debug); /* toggle debug flag */
break;
case 'g': /* return the value of the CPU registers */
mem2hex ((char *) registers, remcomOutBuffer, NUMREGBYTES);
break;
case 'G': /* set the value of the CPU registers - return OK */
hex2mem (ptr, (char *) registers, NUMREGBYTES);
strcpy (remcomOutBuffer, "OK");
break;
/* mAA..AA,LLLL Read LLLL bytes at address AA..AA */
case 'm':
if (setjmp (remcomEnv) == 0)
{
dofault = 0;
/* TRY, TO READ %x,%x. IF SUCCEED, SET PTR = 0 */
if (hexToInt (&ptr, &addr))
if (*(ptr++) == ',')
if (hexToInt (&ptr, &length))
{
ptr = 0;
mem2hex ((char *) addr, remcomOutBuffer, length);
}
if (ptr)
strcpy (remcomOutBuffer, "E01");
}
else
strcpy (remcomOutBuffer, "E03");
/* restore handler for bus error */
dofault = 1;
break;
/* MAA..AA,LLLL: Write LLLL bytes at address AA.AA return OK */
case 'M':
if (setjmp (remcomEnv) == 0)
{
dofault = 0;
/* TRY, TO READ '%x,%x:'. IF SUCCEED, SET PTR = 0 */
if (hexToInt (&ptr, &addr))
if (*(ptr++) == ',')
if (hexToInt (&ptr, &length))
if (*(ptr++) == ':')
{
hex2mem (ptr, (char *) addr, length);
ptr = 0;
strcpy (remcomOutBuffer, "OK");
}
if (ptr)
strcpy (remcomOutBuffer, "E02");
}
else
strcpy (remcomOutBuffer, "E03");
/* restore handler for bus error */
dofault = 1;
break;
/* cAA..AA Continue at address AA..AA(optional) */
/* sAA..AA Step one instruction from AA..AA(optional) */
case 's':
stepping = 1;
case 'c':
{
/* tRY, to read optional parameter, pc unchanged if no parm */
if (hexToInt (&ptr, &addr))
registers[PC] = addr;
if (stepping)
doSStep ();
}
return;
break;
/* kill the program */
case 'k': /* do nothing */
break;
} /* switch */
/* reply to the request */
putpacket (remcomOutBuffer);
}
}
#define GDBCOOKIE 0x5ac
static int ingdbmode;
/* We've had an exception - choose to go into the monitor or
the gdb stub */
void handle_exception(int exceptionVector)
{
#ifdef MONITOR
if (ingdbmode != GDBCOOKIE)
monitor_handle_exception (exceptionVector);
else
#endif
gdb_handle_exception (exceptionVector);
}
void
gdb_mode (void)
{
ingdbmode = GDBCOOKIE;
breakpoint();
}
/* This function will generate a breakpoint exception. It is used at the
beginning of a program to sync up with a debugger and can be used
otherwise as a quick means to stop program execution and "break" into
the debugger. */
void
breakpoint (void)
{
BREAKPOINT ();
}
/**** Processor-specific routines start here ****/
/**** Processor-specific routines start here ****/
/**** Processor-specific routines start here ****/
/* Note:
The Renesas SH family uses two exception architectures:
SH1 & SH2:
These processors utilize an exception vector table.
Exceptions are vectored to the address stored at VBR + (exception_num * 4)
SH3, SH3E, & SH4:
These processors have fixed entry points relative to the VBR for
various exception classes.
*/
#if defined(__sh1__) || defined(__sh2__)
/* SH1/SH2 exception vector table format */
typedef struct
{
void (*func_cold) ();
int *stack_cold;
void (*func_warm) ();
int *stack_warm;
void (*(handler[256 - 4])) ();
}
vec_type;
/* vectable is the SH1/SH2 vector table. It must be at address 0
or wherever your vbr points. */
const vec_type vectable =
{
&BINIT, /* 0: Power-on reset PC */
init_stack + init_stack_size, /* 1: Power-on reset SP */
&BINIT, /* 2: Manual reset PC */
init_stack + init_stack_size, /* 3: Manual reset SP */
{
&catch_exception_4, /* 4: General invalid instruction */
&catch_exception_random, /* 5: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_6, /* 6: Invalid slot instruction */
&catch_exception_random, /* 7: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 8: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_9, /* 9: CPU bus error */
&catch_exception_10, /* 10: DMA bus error */
&catch_exception_11, /* 11: NMI */
&catch_exception_random, /* 12: User break */
&catch_exception_random, /* 13: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 14: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 15: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 16: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 17: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 18: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 19: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 20: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 21: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 22: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 23: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 24: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 25: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 26: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 27: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 28: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 29: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 30: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_random, /* 31: Reserved for system */
&catch_exception_32, /* 32: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_33, /* 33: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 34: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 35: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 36: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 37: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 38: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 39: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 40: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 41: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 42: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 43: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 44: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 45: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 46: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 47: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 48: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 49: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 50: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 51: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 52: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 53: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 54: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 55: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 56: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 57: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 58: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 59: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 60: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 61: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 62: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 63: Trap instr (user vectors) */
&catch_exception_random, /* 64: IRQ0 */
&catch_exception_random, /* 65: IRQ1 */
&catch_exception_random, /* 66: IRQ2 */
&catch_exception_random, /* 67: IRQ3 */
&catch_exception_random, /* 68: IRQ4 */
&catch_exception_random, /* 69: IRQ5 */
&catch_exception_random, /* 70: IRQ6 */
&catch_exception_random, /* 71: IRQ7 */
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,
&catch_exception_random,