03-Methods and Functions/09-Functions and Methods Homework - Solutions.ipynb

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    "___\n",
    "\n",
    "<a href='https://www.udemy.com/user/joseportilla/'><img src='../Pierian_Data_Logo.png'/></a>\n",
    "___\n",
    "<center><em>Content Copyright by Pierian Data</em></center>"
   ]
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Functions and Methods Homework Solutions\n",
    "____\n",
    "**Write a function that computes the volume of a sphere given its radius.**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def vol(rad):\n",
    "    return (4/3)*(3.14)*(rad**3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "33.49333333333333"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Check\n",
    "vol(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "___\n",
    "**Write a function that checks whether a number is in a given range (inclusive of high and low)**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def ran_check(num,low,high):\n",
    "    #Check if num is between low and high (including low and high)\n",
    "    if num in range(low,high+1):\n",
    "        print('{} is in the range between {} and {}'.format(num,low,high))\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('The number is outside the range.')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5 is in the range between 2 and 7\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Check\n",
    "ran_check(5,2,7)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "If you only wanted to return a boolean:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def ran_bool(num,low,high):\n",
    "    return num in range(low,high+1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ran_bool(3,1,10)"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "____\n",
    "**Write a Python function that accepts a string and calculates the number of upper case letters and lower case letters.**\n",
    "\n",
    "    Sample String : 'Hello Mr. Rogers, how are you this fine Tuesday?'\n",
    "    Expected Output : \n",
    "    No. of Upper case characters : 4\n",
    "    No. of Lower case Characters : 33\n",
    "\n",
    "If you feel ambitious, explore the Collections module to solve this problem!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def up_low(s):\n",
    "    d={\"upper\":0, \"lower\":0}\n",
    "    for c in s:\n",
    "        if c.isupper():\n",
    "            d[\"upper\"]+=1\n",
    "        elif c.islower():\n",
    "            d[\"lower\"]+=1\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            pass\n",
    "    print(\"Original String : \", s)\n",
    "    print(\"No. of Upper case characters : \", d[\"upper\"])\n",
    "    print(\"No. of Lower case Characters : \", d[\"lower\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Original String :  Hello Mr. Rogers, how are you this fine Tuesday?\n",
      "No. of Upper case characters :  4\n",
      "No. of Lower case Characters :  33\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s = 'Hello Mr. Rogers, how are you this fine Tuesday?'\n",
    "up_low(s)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "____\n",
    "**Write a Python function that takes a list and returns a new list with unique elements of the first list.**\n",
    "\n",
    "    Sample List : [1,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,5]\n",
    "    Unique List : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
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   "source": [
    "def unique_list(lst):\n",
    "    # Also possible to use list(set())\n",
    "    x = []\n",
    "    for a in lst:\n",
    "        if a not in x:\n",
    "            x.append(a)\n",
    "    return x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "unique_list([1,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,5])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "____\n",
    "**Write a Python function to multiply all the numbers in a list.**\n",
    "\n",
    "    Sample List : [1, 2, 3, -4]\n",
    "    Expected Output : -24"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def multiply(numbers):\n",
    "    total = 1\n",
    "    for x in numbers:\n",
    "        total *= x\n",
    "    return total"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "-24"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "multiply([1,2,3,-4])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "____\n",
    "**Write a Python function that checks whether a word or phrase is palindrome or not.**\n",
    "\n",
    "Note: A palindrome is word, phrase, or sequence that reads the same backward as forward, e.g., madam,kayak,racecar, or a phrase \"nurses run\". Hint: You may want to check out the .replace() method in a string to help out with dealing with spaces. Also google search how to reverse a string in Python, there are some clever ways to do it with slicing notation."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def palindrome(s):\n",
    "    \n",
    "    s = s.replace(' ','') # This replaces all spaces ' ' with no space ''. (Fixes issues with strings that have spaces)\n",
    "    return s == s[::-1]   # Check through slicing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "palindrome('nurses run')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "palindrome('abcba')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "____\n",
    "#### Hard:\n",
    "\n",
    "**Write a Python function to check whether a string is pangram or not. (Assume the string passed in does not have any punctuation)**\n",
    "\n",
    "    Note : Pangrams are words or sentences containing every letter of the alphabet at least once.\n",
    "    For example : \"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\"\n",
    "\n",
    "Hint: You may want to use .replace() method to get rid of spaces.\n",
    "\n",
    "Hint: Look at the [string module](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16060899/alphabet-range-in-python)\n",
    "\n",
    "Hint: In case you want to use [set comparisons](https://medium.com/better-programming/a-visual-guide-to-set-comparisons-in-python-6ab7edb9ec41)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import string\n",
    "\n",
    "def ispangram(str1, alphabet=string.ascii_lowercase): \n",
    "    # Create a set of the alphabet\n",
    "    alphaset = set(alphabet)  \n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Remove spaces from str1\n",
    "    str1 = str1.replace(\" \",'')\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Lowercase all strings in the passed in string\n",
    "    # Recall we assume no punctuation \n",
    "    str1 = str1.lower()\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Grab all unique letters in the string as a set\n",
    "    str1 = set(str1)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Now check that the alpahbet set is same as string set\n",
    "    return str1 == alphaset"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ispangram(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "string.ascii_lowercase"
   ]
  }
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