feat: add python solution to lc problem: No.1453 (doocs#3394)

Author: CodersAcademy006

solution/1400-1499/1453.Maximum Number of Darts Inside of a Circular Dartboard/Solution.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+class Solution:
+    def numPoints(self, darts: list[list[int]], r: int) -> int:
+        def countDarts(x, y):
+            count = 0
+            for x1, y1 in darts:
+                if dist((x, y), (x1, y1)) <= r + 1e-7:
+                    count += 1
+            return count
+
+        def possibleCenters(x1, y1, x2, y2):
+            dx, dy = x2 - x1, y2 - y1
+            d = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
+            if d > 2 * r:
+                return []
+            mid_x, mid_y = (x1 + x2) / 2, (y1 + y2) / 2
+            dist_to_center = sqrt(r * r - (d / 2) * (d / 2))
+            offset_x = dist_to_center * dy / d
+            offset_y = dist_to_center * -dx / d
+            return [
+                (mid_x + offset_x, mid_y + offset_y),
+                (mid_x - offset_x, mid_y - offset_y),
+            ]
+
+        n = len(darts)
+        max_darts = 1
+
+        for i in range(n):
+            for j in range(i + 1, n):
+                centers = possibleCenters(
+                    darts[i][0], darts[i][1], darts[j][0], darts[j][1]
+                )
+                for center in centers:
+                    max_darts = max(max_darts, countDarts(center[0], center[1]))
+
+        return max_darts